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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (28)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • Hindawi
  • 1995-1999  (19)
  • 1980-1984  (10)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [4 + 2]-Cycloaddition of Singlet Oxygen and Phenyltriazolinedione with Bicyclo[6.1.0]nona-2,4,6-triene and Derivatives (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 1170-1177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: [4+2]-Cycloaddition von Singulett-Sauerstoff und Phenyltriazolindion an Bicyclo[6.1.0]nona-2,4,6-trien und seine DerivateDie Dienreaktivität der Bicyclotriene 1a ([4.3.0]-Isomeres) und 1b ([6.1.0]-Isomeres), von dessen Oxaderivat 6 (Cyclooctatetraenepoxid) sowie von 1,3,5-Cyclooctatrienon (7) gegenüber Singulett-Sauerstoff (1O2) und Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-3,5-dion (PTAD) als Dienophile wurde untersucht. Bicyclononatrien 1a liefert das Endoperoxid 9a in 60proz. Ausbeute. Die anderen Substrate 1b, 6 und 7 reagieren nicht mit 1O2. Mit PTAD dagegen wurden aus 1a, 1b, 6 und 7 die Urazole 10a, 8b, 12c und 11 gebildet. Ungewöhnlich ist, daß das Bicyclo[6.1.0]trien 1b nur zum tricyclischen Urazol 8b führt, dem ersten Beispiel solcher [4 + 2]-Cycloaddukte von 1b, während die analoge Oxaverbindung 6 nur tetracyclisches Urazol 12c gibt. Dabei ist zu bemerken, daß 6 mit PTAD beträchtlich träger reagiert als 1b.
    Notes: The dienic reactivity of the bicyclononatrienes 1a ([4.3.0]-isomer) and 1b ([6.1.0]-isomer) and its oxa-derivative 6 (cyclooctatetraene epoxide) as well as 1,3,5-cyclooctatrienone (7), towards singlet oxygen (1O2) and phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PTAD) as dienophiles has been investigated. Except for 1a, which affords the endoperoxide 9a in 60% yield, the remaining substrates 1b, 6, and 7 do not react with 1O2. With PTAD 1a, 1b, 6, and 7 afford the urazoles 10a, 8b, 12c, and 11, respectively. Unusual is the fact that the bicyclo[6.1.0]triene 1b leads only to the tricyclic urazole 8b, the first example of this type of [4 + 2]-cycloadduct of 1b, while the oxa-analog 6 affords only the tetracyclic urazole 12c. Moreover, 6 reacts with PTAD considerably more sluggishly than 1b.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19821150333
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions of 5-arylmethylene-4-oxo-2-piperidino-(morpholino)-2-thiazolines with potassium hydroxide resp. bromine (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 324 (1982), S. 483-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reaktionen von 5-Arylmethylen-4-oxo-2-piperidino (morpholino)-2-thiazolinen mit Kaliumhydroxid bzw. Brom
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19823240318
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An amphiphilic graft copolymer as a surface-modifying additive for poly(methyl methacrylate) (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 1257-1265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: poly(methyl methacrylate) ; amphiphlic additive ; graft copolymer ; surface properites ; surface modification ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An amphiphilic graft copolymer was prepared by transesterification of poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) with poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (MPEG2000). The grafting reaction was performed in melt at 155°C. The purified graft copolymer was blended into poly(methyl methacrylate) in concentrations of 1.5-30 wt %, either by mixing in chloroform solution or by melt mixing by means of a twin-screw extruder or a Brabender blender. Films of the blends were prepared by solution casting onto glass plates or by hot pressing between polished Al plates. At concentrations up to 20% of the graft copolymer homogeneous blends were obtained. At higher concentrations the blends were heterogeneous, and side-chain crystallinity was detectable by DSC analysis. The surface properties of the films were studied by measurements of water contact angles. The surface accumulation of the graft copolymer was demonstrated as a large increase in the wetting angle hysteresis, and found to depend on the procedure for film preparation as well as the casting substrate. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080330808
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topotactic solid-state polymerization of 3-aminocrotonamide by radiation (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 1087-1093 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: topotactic polymerization ; 3-aminocrotonamide ; radiation polymerization ; crystal structure ; condensation polymerization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Radiation-induced solid-state polymerization of 3-aminocrotonamide (3-amino-2-butenamide) was carried out at room temperature, in open air atmosphere and under vacuum condition. The polymer obtained was white powder, soluble in methanol, but insoluble in water. The nature of polymers were investigated by IR, UV, x-ray, DP-MS, and elemental analysis to elucidate the mechanism of the polymerization. The polymer was crystalline with melting point in the range of 245-255°C. The cell parameters and space group of monomer and polymers were determined from powder x-ray diffraction patterns. The similarity of crystal structures of monomer and polymer indicated a topotactic polymerization. It was shown by spectroscopic investigations and elemental analyses that the polymerization proceeds by condensation reaction with evolution of one mole ammonia per two combined moles of monomer through a free radical mechanism. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An inverse solution procedure for material parameters identification in large plastic deformations (1996)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 12 (1996), S. 161-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: inverse identification ; non-linear behaviour ; material parameters ; sensitivity analysis ; finite elements ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The identification of materials rheological behaviour in the non-linear range is based on experimental tests. When using direct identification methods, one faces the problem of the interpretation of the experimental tests, which requires the assumption of deformation homogeneity and therefore the use of approximation methods. Since this assumption is often not satisfied in the case of non-linear behaviour, material parameters are not assessed precisely. In the paper, an inverse identification method is proposed to avoid the problems raised by interpretation of the experimental tests and to determine material parameters more accurately. The algorithm developed consists of both an optimization method and a finite element method. This method is applied to the inverse identification of viscoplastic parameters of an aluminium alloy, with an investigation on the effect of the initial guess and errors in experimental data on the identified values.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prothrombin cleavage by human vascular smooth muscle cells: A potential alternative pathway to the coagulation cascade (1995)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 59 (1995), S. 514-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: prothrombin ; prethrombin 2 ; fragment 1.2 ; α-thrombin ; prothrombin activation ; serine proteinase ; human vascular smooth muscle cells ; mitogenic activity ; enzymatic activity ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Thrombin is a potent mitogen for human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMC) and its enzymatic activity is required for this function. The present study demonstrates that prothrombin is also mitogenic for HVSMC due to the generation of enzymatically active thrombin which occurs upon incubation of prothrombin with the cells. Analysis by SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting, and amino acid sequencing revealed that prothrombin incubated with HVSMC undergoes limited proteolysis. Prethrombin 1 was formed through cleavage at R155-S156. Cleavage at R271-T272 generated fragment 1.2 and prethrombin 2 whilst cleavage at R284-T285 yielded truncated prothrombin 2 (prethrombin 2′). However, cleavage at R320-I321 which, during prothrombin activation produces two-chain α-thrombin, was not detectable. Studies on HVSMC-conditioned medium revealed that a similar pattern of prothrombin cleavage occurred by a cell-secreted factor(s). Amidolytic activity analysis indicated that 1-3% catalytically active thrombin-like activity was generated upon incubation of prothrombin with HVSMC-conditioned medium. By treating conditioned medium with various classes of proteinase inhibitors or hirudin, it was determined that prothrombin is cleaved by a cell-derived serine proteinase-like factor(s) at R271-S272 and by α-thrombin at R155-S156 and R284-T285. Antibodies neutralising the activity of either urokinase, tissue plasminogen activator, or factor Xa failed to alter the prothrombin cleaving activity of conditioned medium. This activity which may catalyse an alternative pathway for the generation of thrombin, was eluted from a gel filtration column as a single peak with apparent molecular mass of 30-40 kDa. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240590411
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection of salt hydrate pairs for use in water control in enzyme catalysis in organic solvents (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 55 (1997), S. 367-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: salt hydrates ; water activity ; subtilisin ; lipase ; organic solvents ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The water activities (aw) of 13 salt hydrate pairs were determined from vapor pressure measurements; aw values for a subset were also estimated from a study of water transfer to isopropylether. The application of salt hydrates as water buffers was investigated in two models: (i) effect of hydration on the initial rate of subtilisincatalyzed transesterification of the nitrophenol ester of CBZ-alanine with butanol; and (ii) effect of hydrates on the equilibrium concentrations of reactants in the esterification of dodecanol and decanoic acid, catalyzed by lipase. Transfer of ions from salt to enzyme particles was also demonstrated. The implications of the results for the successful use of salt hydrates as water buffers are discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 55: 367-374, 1997.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compatibilizing effects of poly(styrene-graft-ethylene oxide) in blends of polystyrene and butyl acrylate polymers (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 59 (1996), S. 619-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The compatibilizing effect of poly(styrene-graft-ethylene oxide) in polystyrene (PS) blends with poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PBA) and poly(n-butyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) (PBAAA) was investigated. No significant effects of the graft copolymer on the domain size were found in the PBA blends. By functionalizing PBA with acrylic acid, the average size of the polyacrylate domains was reduced considerably by the graft copolymer. Thermal and dynamic mechanical analysis of the PS/PBAAA blends revealed that the PBAAA glass transition temperature (Tg) decreased with increasing graft copolymer content. The effect of the graft copolymer in the PS/PBAAA blends can be explained by interactions across the interface due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) side chains in the graft copolymer and the acrylic acid segments in the PBAAA phase. Hydrogen bonding was confirmed by IR analysis of binary blends of PEO and PBAAA. Partial miscibility in the PEO/PBAAA blends was indicated by a PEO melting point depression and by a Tg reduction of the PBAAA phase. The thermal properties of the PEO/PBA blends indicated only very limited miscibility. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of filler content in thermoplastic composites by FTIR analysis (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 56 (1995), S. 1557-1560 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: FTIR quantitative analytical method is described as an alternative technique for computation of the filler content in polypropylene composites. White rice husk ash (WRHA) was incorporated as a filler material into polypropylene homopolymer. Absorption peaks at 480, 621, and 790 cm-1 chosen for the quantitative analysis work have been shown to give good linearity with increasing filler contents. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070561205
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and mechanism of the hydrolysis of substituted phenyl benzoates catalyzed by the o-iodosobenzoate anion (1995)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 8 (1995), S. 637-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The o-iodosobenzoate (IBA-)-catalyzed hydrolysis of the following esters was studied spectrophotometrically: 4-nitrophenyl 4-X-benzoate (series I, a-e, X = CH3, H, Cl, CN, NO2), 4-Y-phenyl 4-nitrobenzoate (series II, a-d, Y = CH3, H, Cl, CN), 2,4-dinitrophenyl 4-X-benzoate (series III, b-e, X = H, Cl, CN, NO2) and 4-Y-phenyl 2,4-dinitrobenzoate (series IV, a-e, Y = CH3, H, Cl, CN, NO2). Direct detection of a reaction intermediate, viz 1-(4-nitrobenzoyloxy)-1,2-benzodoxol-3(1H)-one, the absence of (general base) catalysis by the leaving group, the small kinetic solvent isotope effect and the fast catalyst ‘turnover’ show that the mechanism of catalysis by IBA- is nucleophilic. Catalytic rate constants, activation parameters and application of the Hammett equation show the following mechanistic features: the first step of the reaction, i.e. that leading to the formation of the above-mentioned intermediate is irreversible, the leaving group is the phenol and the rate-limiting step is the collapse of the tetrahedral intermediate that is formed by attack of IBA- on the ester. A comparison of the results of hydrolysis by IBA- and by imidazole (Imz) revealed that IBA- and Imz differ in their sensitivity toward an ester structure and, for the same ester series, IBA- is a much more efficient catalyst. The reasons for the higher catalytic activity of IBA- include nucleophilicity enhancement due to the α-effect, a smaller influence of steric effects and a more favorable entropy of activation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.610081003
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