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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (5)
  • Bjerkandera adusta  (2)
  • Danaidae  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (8)
  • 1980-1984  (1)
  • 1930-1934
  • 1920-1924
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkaloidal oviposition stimulants for a danaid butterfly,Ideopsis similis L., from a host plant,Tylophora tanakae (Asclepiadaceae) (1995)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 51 (1995), S. 753-756 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Oviposition stimulants ; Ideopsis similis ; Danaidae ; Tylophora tanakae ; Asclepiadaceae ; (+)-isotylocrebrine ; (−)-7-demethyltylophorine ; alkaloids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chemicals releasing oviposition by an Asclepiadaceae feeder,Ideopsis similis, were identified from a host plant,Tylophora tanakae. A strong positive response was evoked by a methanolic extract of the plant, which proved to contain multiple stimulants. A mixture of two phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids, (+)-isotylocrebrine and (−)-7-demethyltylophorine, isolated from organic fractions, elicited significant ovipositional responses from females.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01941275
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Mediate Host-Plant Recognition by Ovipositing Females of an Old World Danaid Butterfly, Idea leuconoe (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 23 (1997), S. 1703-1713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Oviposition stimulants ; Idea leuconoe ; Lepidoptera ; Danaidae ; Parsonsia laevigata ; Apocynaceae ; pyrrolizidine alkaloids ; parsonsianine ; parsonsianidine ; 17-methylparsonsianidine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A giant danaid butterfly, Idea leuconoe, specializes on apocynaceous plants such as Parsonsia laevigata, which has been reported to contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Females of I. leuconoe deposited eggs in response to methanolic extract of P. laevigata, and subsequent bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract revealed that phytochemicals crucial for host recognition by ovipositing females are Parsonsia-specific macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids including parsonsianine, parsonsianidine, and 17-methylparsonsianidine. Parsonine, another P. laevigata pyrrolizidine component with a keto-dihydropyrrolizine moiety that is closely related in structure to male pheromones of the butterfly, and several nonhost pyrrolizidine alkaloids were entirely inactive. We interpret these data as strong evidence for an ancestral association through herbivory between danaid butterflies and pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006445.61545.82
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction of manganese peroxidase ofBjerkandera adusta with synthetic lignin in acetone solution (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of wood science 44 (1998), S. 486-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1611-4663
    Keywords: Lignin biodegradation ; Manganese peroxidase ; Bjerkandera adusta ; Acetone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The reaction of manganese peroxidase (MnP) of the white-rot fungusBjerkandera adusta with synthetic lignin dehydrogenation polymer, DHP) in acetone medium was investigated. Gel-permeation chromatography of the DHP treated by MnP demonstrated depolymerization of syringyl DHP in the reaction mixture containing 70% acetone; moreover, concomitant repolymerization occurred to give highly polymerized products. Guaiacyl DHP was only repolymerized by MnP in the same acetone solution without giving degradation products. Addition of ascorbic acid to reaction mixtures containing acetone resulted in preferential depolymerization of syringyl DHP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00833415
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and characterization of ligninolytic enzymes ofBjerkandera adusta grown on wood meal/wheat bran culture and production of these enzymes using a rotary-solid fermenter (1996)
    Springer
    Mycoscience 37 (1996), S. 417-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: Bjerkandera adusta ; lignin peroxidase ; manganese peroxidase ; rotary-solid type fermenter ; solid culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) were produced by growing a white-rot fungusBjerkandera adusta statically, on a wood meal/wheat bran culture in flasks. MnP and LiP reached their maximum activity after 6 and 19 days of inoculation, respectively. Both MnP and LiP are thought to be important enzymes in lignin biodegradation byB. adusta. Ion exchange chromatography showed thatB. adusta produced a single LiP and a single MnP enzyme in wood meal/wheat bran culture. These enzymes were separated and characterized. The molecular weight of MnP was 46,500 with a pl of 3.9. The molecular weight of LiP was estimated to be 47,000 with a pl of 3.5. Spectral analysis demonstrated that both enzymes are heme proteins. Production of these enzymes was also achieved using a rotarysolid culture fermenter. MnP, LiP and veratryl alcohol oxidase were produced byB. adusta in the fermenter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02460998
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct polymerization of N-carboxy anhydride of L-glutamic acid (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 182 (1981), S. 2127-2137 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A new method of polymerization of the N-carboxy anhydride (NCA) of glutamic acid is presented by which poly(glutamic acid) is obtained directly from the NCA without protecting its carboxyl group. The principle underlying is that by adjusting the mole ratio of the initiator butylamine, [I], to the monomer, [A], butylamine can be used as protecting agent for the carboxyl group of the NCA so that the rest of butylamine acts as initiator in the heterogeneous polymerization in acetonitrile. Quantitative conversion was obtained for an [A]/[I] ratio of 1. In analogy to other heterogeneous polymerizations of NCAs in acetonitrile, this is due to the formation of the helix during polymerization, which was confirmed by IR absorption and X-ray diffraction measurements. As the [A]/[I] ratio increases, the conversion, the helix content of the resultant polymer, and the amount of butylamine combined with it decrease drastically. It is suggested that “copolymerization” of the amine-protected and unprotected NCAs occurs, giving rise to a partially helical chain, whose contents of the amine-protected side chains and accordingly of the helix are the higher the smaller the [A]/[I] ratio.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1981.021820802
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of poly(aryleneethynylene)-type copolymers containing flexible linking methylene units. Optical properties of the copolymers suggesting occurrence of energy transfer between π-conjugated local units (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 2201-2207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: poly(aryleneethynylene) ; palladium-catalyzed ; copolymer ; optical properties ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Palladium-catalyzed polycondensation between 2,5-diiodo-3-hexylthiophene I-Th(Hex)-I with mixtures of p-diethynylbenzene HC≡C - Ph - C≡CH and α,ω-diethynylalkane HC≡C(CH2)lC≡CH (l = 3 or 8) gives poly(aryleneethynylene) PAE-type copolymers [C≡C(CH2)lC≡C - Th(Hex)]m[C≡C - Ph - C≡C - Th(Hex)]n containing the methylene unit. The copolymers have a molecular weight (Mn) of about 1.2 × 104 as determined by GPC (polystyrene standard) and are considered to possess essentially a random sequences in view of the  - C≡C(CH2)lC≡C -  and  - C≡C - Ph - C≡C -  units as judged from their UV-visible spectra. By the incorporation of the (CH2)l unit, the λmax position of the corresponding PAE homopolymer [C≡C - Ph - C≡C - Th(Hex)]n is shifted to a shorter wavelength. However, the copolymers give rise to a photoluminescence PL peak essentially agreeing with a PL peak of the homopolymer, suggesting occurrence of energy transfer in the copolymer. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem. 36: 2201-2207, 1998
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multi-electron transfer in photoelectrochemical processes (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 6 (1995), S. 115-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: photoelectrochemistry ; multi-electron transfer ; semiconductor particle ; light excitation ; molecular conversion reactions ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Simultaneous bidirectional forward and backward electron transfers take place on a light-exited semiconductor particle, even at the same geometric site. The potentials of the electron pathways are different, giving rise to two independent molecular conversion reactions. This type of multi-electron transfer reactions is overviewed and the stepwise unidirectional multi-electron transfer on the excited semiconductor particle is also described.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1995.220060304
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the number of crosslinks in collagens from mechanical properties of swollen fibers (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 62 (1996), S. 1577-1586 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A method for the determination of crosslink density for collagen fibers was proposed. The number of interchain crosslinkages in whale ligament and rat-tail tendon was estimated by applying an usual rubber elasticity theory. Collagen fibers swollen in a solution composed of equal volumes of 8M LiBr aqueous solution and diethylene glycol monoalkyl ether showed a typical rubber elasticity. The energy components to total retractive forces were similar in order in magnitude for crosslinked natural rubbers, namely, below 0.3. It was found that no intermolecular crosslinkage occurs between tropocollagen molecules in tendon from a 2-month-old rat, while there are about 12 crosslinking sites per molecule in tendon from a 10-month-old rat and 15 sites in whale ligament. The number, type, and crosslinking sites in the tendon crosslinked with 1,3-bis(vinylsulfonyl)-2-propanol is also discussed. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow-type cyanide sensor using an immobilized microorganism (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 8 (1996), S. 876-879 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Cyanide ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Respiration inhibition ; Flow system ; Reactor-type microbial sensor ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A flow system for cyanide detection using Saccharomyces cerevisiae is described. This sensor system consists of two oxygen electrodes and immobilized S. cerevisiae whose respiration activity is measured by the oxygen electrodes. Since cyanide inhibits S. cerevisiae's respiration, it can be detected by measuring this inhibition. Two types of systems were constructed, characterized and compared. One is a membrane-type flow system in which S. cerevisiae was immobilized onto a cellulose membrane. The other is a reactor-type flow system in which S. cerevisiae was immobilized onto the glass beads. The sensor response was examined in the range from 0 to 15μM. The reactor-type sensor system displayed lower detection limit (0.15 μM) and better stability (16 days).
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140081005
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