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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of Homo- and Hetero-Bimetallic Complexes Containing the Ni(C6F5)2 Moiety - Crystal Structure of [(C6F5)2Ni(μ-SPh)2Pd(dppe)] (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 1199-1204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Organometallic compounds ; Nickel complexes ; Crystal structures ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The compound cis-[Ni(C6F5)2(PhCN)2] has been used as the starting material for the preparation of the bimetallic complexes [(C6F5)2Ni(μ-X)2Ni(C6F5)2]2- (X = SCN, OCN, N3), [(C6F5)2Ni(μ-SCN)2Pd(C6F5)2]2-, [(C6F5)2Ni(μ-NCS)2Pd-(dppe)] [dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ethane], and the trimetallic[(C6F5)2Ni(μ-NCS)2Pd(μ-SCN)2Ni(C6F5)2]2-. The mononuclear compounds [(C6F5)2NiLX] (L = PPh3, P(C6H4MeO-p)3; X = SCN, OCN) are obtained by reaction between [(C6F5)2Ni(&μ-X)2Ni-(C6F5)2]2- and L. The treatment of cis-[Ni(C6F5)2(PhCN)2] with [M(SAr)2(dppe)] leads to the formation of the arylthiolate complexes [(C6F5)2Ni(μ-SAr)2M(dppe)] (Ar = Ph, C6H4Me-p, C6H4NO2-p; M = Ni, Pd, Pt). The X-ray diffraction study of [(C6F5)2Ni(μ-SPh)2Pd(dppe)] shows that both metal atoms, Ni and Pd, are coordinated in a slightly distorted square-planar geometry and the μ-thiolato groups are in the syn conformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genes encoding α-amylase inhibitors are located in the short arms of chromosomes 3B, 3D and 6D of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 108-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat endosperm ; α-amylase inhibitors ; Gene mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Three α-amylase inhibitors, designated Inh. I, II and III have been purified from the 70% ethanol extract of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and characterized by amino acid analysis, N-terminal amino acid sequencing and enzyme inhibition tests. Inhibitors I and III have identical N-terminal sequences and inhibitory properties to those of the previously described 0.19/0.53 group of dimeric inhibitors. Inhibitor II has an N-terminal sequence which is identical to that of the previously described 0.28 monomeric inhibitor, but differs from it in that in addition to being active against α-amylase from Tenebrio molitor, it is also active against mammalian salivary and pancreatic α-amylases. Compensating nulli-tetrasomic and ditelosomic lines of wheat cv. ‘Chinese Spring’ have been analysed by two-dimensional electrophoresis, under conditions in which there is no overlap of the inhibitors with other proteins, and the chromosomal locations of the genes encoding these inhibitors have been established: genes for Inh. I and Inh. III are in the short arms of chromosomes 3B and 3D, respectively, and that for Inh. II in the short arm of chromosome 6D.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261464
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A family of endosperm globulins encoded by genes located in group 1 chromosomes of wheat and related species (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 214 (1988), S. 541-546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Wheat ; Rye ; Globulins ; Gene mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A new group of proteins soluble in salt solutions and organic solvents (70% ethanol and chloroform-methanol mixtures), but not in water, has been isolated from wheat and rye endosperm. The molecular weights (23–26 kDa) and amino acid compositions of the different fractions characterized suggest a high degree of homology among the major components of the fractions in wheat and rye. Compensating nulli-tetrasomic and ditelosomic lines of hexaploid wheat have been analysed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and genes for these proteins have been assigned to the short arms of chromosomes 1 A, 1 B and 1 D. A similar analysis of Triticum aestivum/Secale cereale and T. aestivum/Agropyron elongatum addition and substitution lines has shown that genes for the corresponding globulins are located in the short arms of group 1 chromosomes of these species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330492
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction of poly(vinyl alcohol) with n-butyl isocyanate. Chemical hydrolysis of the resulting polymers (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 152 (1987), S. 79-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Diese Untersuchung befaßt sich mit einigen kinetischen Merkmalen der Reaktion von n-Butylisocyanat mit Polyvinylalkohol ohne jeden Katalysator und unter Verwendung von Triethylendiamin als Katalysator. Die Struktur der resultierenden Polymeren wurde mit Hilfe der IR-, 1H-, und 13C-NMR-Spektroskopie und chemischer Analyse ermittelt. Es wurden Vinylalkohol-Vinylbutylurethancopolymere (VAL-VBU) erhalten. Es ergab sich eine lineare Abhängigkeit der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit von Polymer-, n-Butylisocyanat- und Triethylendiaminkonzentration. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeitskonstante nimmt mit zunehmender Reaktionszeit ab. Das kann mit der sterischen Hinderung durch die Urethangruppen, die entlang der Polymerkette eingebaut sind, erklärt werden. Die Aktivierungsenergie ergab sich zu 49,9 kJ/mol. Eine kinetische Untersuchung der homogenen Hydrolyse von VAL-VBU-Copolymeren wurde durchgefilhrt als Funktion der Basenkonzentration, der Temperatur und des VBU Gehalts. Es zeigte sich, daß die homogene Hydrolyse als Reaktion 1 . Ordnung verliluft, sowohl im Hinblick auf die Hydroxylionen als auch auf den VBU-Gehalt. Die Aktivierungsenergie filr die basenkatalysierte Hydrolyse betragt 79,3 kJ/mol. Die heterogene Hydrolyse von VAL-VBU-Copolymeren im basischen Medium zeigte, daß keine Hydrolyse unter diesen Bedingungen stattfand.
    Notes: This study is concerned with some kinetic features of the reaction of n-butyl isocyanate with poly(vinyl alcohol) without any catalyst and using triethylene diamine as catalyst. The structure of the resulting polymers was determined by means of IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy as well as by chemical analysis. Vinyl alcohol-vinyl butyl urethane (VAL-VBU) copolymers were obtained. It has been found a linear dependence of reaction rate on polymer, n-butyl isocyanate, and triethylene diamine concentrations. Reaction rate constant decreases as reaction time increases. It can be explained by steric hindrance phenomena due to urethane groups incorporated along the polymeric chain. The activation energy was found to be 49.9 kJ/mol. A kinetic study of the homogeneous hydrolysis of VAL-VBU copolymers has been made as a function of the base concentration, the temperature, and the VBU content. The homogeneous hydrolysis was found to be first order with respect to both hydroxyl ion and VBU contents. The activation energy for the base catalyzed homogeneous hydrolysis was found to be 79.3 kJ/mol. The heterogeneous hydrolysis of VAL-VBU copolymers in basic medium showed that no hydrolysis takes place under the conditions employed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1987.051520108
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dextran functionalized by 4-nitrophenyl carbonate groups. Aminolysis reactions (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 225 (1995), S. 123-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Dextran wurde mit 4-Nitrophenylchloroformat und Pyridin als Katalysator umgesetzt. Die Struktur der modifizierten Dextrane wurde mittels IR-, 1H- und 13C-NMR-Spektroskopie bestimmt. Unter den gewählten Reaktionsbedingungen entstehen nur acyclische Carbonate. Vorversuche zeigten, daß die Reaktion der 4-Nitrophenyl-chloroformat-Gruppen mit verschiedenen Amin-Modellverbindungen stark von der Basizität des Amins abhängt. Die Anbindung der Modellamine Phenethylamin und Tyramin an das modifizierte Dextran war befriedigend. Die Dextran-Phenethylamin-und Dextran-Tyramin-Verbindungen sind gegen heterogene Hydrolyse bei 37°C (pH 9 und pH 1) weitgehend beständig.
    Notes: The modification reaction of dextran with 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate using pyridine as catalyst was studied. The structure of the resulting polymers was determined by means of IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as by chemical analysis. Under the used experimental conditions only acyclic carbonate groups have been detected. Preliminary experiments have shown that the reaction of 4-nitrophenyl carbonate groups with several model amines is greatly dependent on the basic character of the amine. Model amino-type drugs (phenethylamine and tyramine) were satisfactorily bound to activated dextran with 4-nitrophenyl carbonate groups. The heterogeneous hydrolysis of dextran-phenethylamine or dextran-tyramine adducts showed that no significant hydrolysis takes place under the applied conditions (pH 1 and pH 9, 37°C).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1995.052250111
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nature et stabilité des complexes métalliques de cryptands dinucléants en solution. I. Polyazapolyoxa macrotricycle cylindrique et monocycle constitutif (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 68 (1985), S. 456-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nature and Stability of Some Metallic Complexes of Dinucleating Cryptands in Solution. I. A Polyazapolyoxa Cylindrical Macrotricycle and its Monocyclic SubunitpH-metry and UV spectrophotometry were used to study the complexing properties of the cylindrical macrotricycle, 1,7,13,19-tetraaza-4,16-dioxa-10,22,27,32-tetraoxatricyclo[17.5.5.5]tetratriacontane (1) and of its constitutive monocyclic subunit, 1,7-diaza-4,10-dioxacyclododecane (2) with some transition and heavy metal cations (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Ag+), in aqueous medium 0.1M Et4NClO4, at 25°. The protonation constants of the ligands as well as the nature and the stabilities of the complexes formed in the pH-regions studied were determined. The tricycle 1 only formed dinuclear M2L complexes with Cu2+, Zn2+, and Ag+, accompanied in the latter case by a protonated mononuclear MLH species, and with Cu2+ and Zn2+ at high pH-values by dinuclear hydroxo complexes. Only mononuclear complexes were evidenced with the other cations, ML being accompanied either by protonated or hydroxy mononuclear species. The mononuclear complexes of 1, when they existed, were more stable than the corresponding complexes of 2, except for cobalt which formed complexes of comparable stability with both ligands. In the other cases (Cd2+, Pb2+, Ag+), the stability differences between the complexes of 1 and 2 increased with the size of the cation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19850680219
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organonickel(II) Complexes with Anionic N-Donor Ligands. Hydration of coordinated nitriles at a nickel(II) site (1997)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 80 (1997), S. 2477-2485 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The hydroxo complex (Bu4N)2[Ni2(C6F5)4(μ-OH)2]reacts with 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro benzenamine (C6F5-NH2), 1,3-diaryltriaz-1-enes (ArNH—N=N—Ar, Ar = Ph, 4-MeC6H4, 4-MeOC6H4), 7-aza-1H-indole (= 1H-pyrrolo[2.3-b]pyridine; Hazind), N-phenylpyridin-2-amine(pyNHPh), and N-phenylpyridine-2-carboxamide (py-CONHPh) at room temperature in acetone to give the binuclear complexes (Bu4N)2[Ni2(C6F5)4(μ-C6F5NH)2] (1) and (Bu4N)2[{Ni(C6F5)2} 2(μ-OH)(μ-azind)] (2) and the mononuclear complexes Bu4N[Ni(C6F5)2(ArN3Ar)] (3-5), Bu4N[Ni(C6F5)2(pyNPh)] (6), and Bu4N[Ni(C6F5)2(pyCONPh)] (7). The hydroxo.complex (Bu4N)2[{Ni(C6F5)2-(μ-OH)}2] promotes the nucleophilic addition of water to pyridine-2-carbonitrile, 2-aminoacetonitrile, and 2-(dimethylamino)acetonitrile, and complexes 8-10 containing pyridine-2-carboxamidato, 2-aminoacetamidato and 2-(dimethylamino)acetamidato ligands are formed. Analytical (C, H, N) and spectroscopic (IR, 1H and 19F-NMR, and FAB-MS) data were used for structural assignments. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of (Bu4N)2[{Ni(C6F5)2}2(μ-OH)(μ-azind)] (2) established the binuclear nature of the anion; the two Ni-atoms are bridged by an OH group and a 7-aza-7H-indol-7-yl group, but the central Ni—O—Ni—N—C—N ring is not planar, the dihedral angle between the Ni—O—Ni and Ni—N—C—N—Ni planes being 84.4°.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19970800815
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nature et stabilité des complexes métalliques de cryptands dinucléants en solution. III. Le monocycle [22]-Py2N4 (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 68 (1985), S. 840-845 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nature and Stability of Some Metallic Complexes of Dinucleating Cryptands in Solution III. The Monocycle [22]-Py2N4The nature and stability of complexes formed by a new 22-membered monocycle L = [22]-Py2N4 with the cations Mn+ = Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, and Ag+ have been determined in aqueous solutions (0.01M NaClO4, 25°) by pH-metry and also, for the copper system, by UV-absorption spectrophotometry. The stepwise protonation constants of the four amine functions of L were 9.1, 8.3, 7.1 and 3.7 logarithms units, respectively. No evidence was found for the protonation of the two pyridine nitrogen atoms. Mononuclear complexes MLn+ were identified in all systems investigated, but the dinuclear species M2L2n+ were only found with Cu2+ and Ag+. The logarithms of the overall stability constants for the copper and silver complexes are CuL2+, 12.9; Cu2L4+, 18.6; Agl+, 6.3; Ag2L2+, 10.9, respectively. Mononuclear hydroxy species MLOH(n-1)+ were identified in all systems except those of copper and silver. No dinuclear hydroxy complexes were detected. The complexing properties of L are compared to those of the large and less rigid bis-dien.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19850680404
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water-insoluble dextrans by grafting, 2Part 1: cf.3.. Reaction of dextrans with n-alkyl chloroformates. Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 186 (1985), S. 17-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: This work deals with the modification reaction of dextran with ethyl and butyl chloroformate using tertiary amines as catalyst/acceptor systems and the DMF/LiCl system as solvent. The structure of the resulting polymers was determined by means of IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as by chemical analyses. The reaction rate was found to increase in the following order: N,N′-dimethylaniline 〈 pyridine 〈 triethylamine. The presence of cyclic carbonates was observed when triethylamine was used as catalyst. A linear dependence of the reaction rate on polymer and pyridine concentrations and a more complex dependence on the n-alkyl chloroformate concentration were found. Reaction rate and yield decrease with increasing amount of LiCl in the solvent medium and increase with increasing chain length of the n-alkyl chloroformate. The activation energy was found to be 64 kJ/mol (15,3 kcal/mol). The equilibrium water content (EWC) values decreases progressively when either the content of carbonate groups or the side chain length increases. The hydrolysis in the heterogeneous phase showed that the time required for the polymer solubilization is dependent upon the nature of the carbonate groups, the temperature as well as the pH value of the medium. Dextranase was found to be inactive in the hydrolysis of water-insoluble modified dextrans. However, the hydrolysis takes place when water-soluble modified dextrans were used.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1985.021860103
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and hydrolysis of esters from amylose and nicotinoyl chloride (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 189 (1988), S. 2269-2274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The modification reaction of amylose with nicotinoyl chloride using pyridine as catalyst was studied. The structure of the resulting polymers was determined by means of IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. A linear dependence of the reaction rate on polymer, nicotinoyl chloride and pyridine was found. The activation energy was found to be 32,2 kJ/mol. The hydrolysis in the heterogeneous phase showed that the release of the active compound is dependent upon the hydrophilic character of the modified amylose polymers, the temperature as well as the pH value of the medium.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1988.021891006
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