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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (135)
  • 1995-1999  (49)
  • 1985-1989  (74)
  • 1950-1954  (12)
  • 11
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Silanediols ; Silanetriols ; Siloxanes ; Hydrogen bonding ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The silanediols RN(SiMe3)Si(OSiMe3)(OH)2 (R = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2 4, 2,6-Me2C6H3 5, and 2,6-iPr2C6H3 6) were prepared by the reactions of the respective silanetriols RN(SiMe3)-Si(OH)3 1 - 3 with SiMe3Cl in THF/hexane. Silanetriol 1 in CH2Cl2/hexane solution converts over a period of 4 weeks into the silanediol (2,4,6-Me3C6H2)N(SiMe3)Si(OSiMe2 R)-(OH)2 [R = CH2(2-NH2-3,5-Me2C6H2)] (7). Compounds 4 - 7 were characterized by means of mass, IR and NMR (1H and 29Si) spectroscopy. Additionally, the molecular structures of 4 and 7 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Compound 4 forms O — H…O hydrogen-bonded tetramers in the solid state. A nine-membered ring formed by an intermolecular O—H…N hydrogen bond is found in the solid-state structure of 7.
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  • 12
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Nickel(0) ; Alkyne complexes ; Hydrogen bonds ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Treatment of (cdt)Ni (cdt: cyclododeca-1,5,9-triene) with 2 equivalents of 2-methyl-4-trimethylsilyl-3-butyn-2-ol leads to the selective formation of the homoleptic complex (alkyne)4Ni3 (compound 3), which can be isolated in excellent yields. The solid-state structure of 3 exhibits three Ni centers, forming a bent Ni3 chain connected by two bridging alkynes. The other two alkynes are terminally coordinated. Additionally, the trimeric units are stabilized by three intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Two intermolecular hydrogen bonds connect the trimeric units to form a polymer rope. According to the 13C- and 1H-NMR spectra in THF the structure of the complex 3 in solution is very similar to that in the solid state. The reaction of 3 with some alkynediols and with 2,5,5-trimethylhex-3-yn-2-ol affords compounds of the type (alkyne)2Ni. Cot (cot: 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene) converts 3 into [(cot)Ni]2, which in turn reacts with 2,5-dimethylhex-3-yne-2,5-diol to form the dimeric complex (alkyne)2Ni2(cot) 6. X-ray analysis of 6 reveals a very symmetrical structure in which cot connects both Ni(0) centers at opposite sides of the ring system.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Phosphate - Phosphonate rearrangement ; Carbanions, benzylic, configurational stability of ; α-Hydroxyphosphonates, tertiary, chiral, non-racemic ; t-Butyl(phenyl)phosphinothioic acid, homochiral ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Optically active alcohols (ee ≥ 98%) such as 1-phenylpropanol, 1-(2-naphthyl)ethanol, 1-tetralol, and 1-indanol were transformed into diethyl phosphates 7a-d. sBuLi/TMEDA  -  induced phosphate - phosphonate rearrangement in diethyl ether furnished tertiary α-hydroxyphosphonates 8a-d of high enantiomeric purity (ee 94-98%) in yields of 43-83% with retention of configuration. The enantiomeric excesses were determined by using homochiral t-butyl(phenyl)phosphinothioic acid as chiral solvating agent.
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  • 14
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Bis(tetramethylipiperidino)aluminum halides ; Alkoxy((tetramethylpiperidino)aluminum halides ; 27Al-NMR spectra ; Aluminum ; Amides ; Synthetic methods ; Bridging ligands ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N-Lithio-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine [Li(tmp)] reacts with AlX3 (X = Cl, Br) in diethyl ether/ n-hexane solution to generate the products of substitution and ether cleavage, [tmpAl(X)(μ-OEt)], (la, X = Cl; 1b, X = Br). However, when the reaction is allowed to proceed in n-hexane alone, an almost quantitative yield of compounds tmp2AlX (2a, X = Cl; 2b, X = Br; 2c, X = I) is obtained. According to 27AI-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, cryoscopy, and X-ray crystal structure determinations, these compounds are monomeric in the solid state, in solution, and in the gas phase. 2b reacts with AgBF4 yielding the fluoride-bridged dimer (tmp2AlF), 2d, as shown by X-ray crystal structure determination.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 453-462 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Cycloadditions ; Catalysis ; 1-Oxa-1,3-dienes ; Molybdenum ; stereoselectivity ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molybdenum-mediated [6 + 2]-cycloaddition reactions of unsaturated ketones to cyclotri- or -tetraenes, e.g. cyclohepta-1,3,5-triene or cyclooctatetraene, proceed under very mild conditions, in high yields and with excellent stereoselectivity starting from the appropriate dicarbonylbis[π4-(1-oxa-1,3-diene)]molybdenum complexes. The stereochemistry of the product arising from the reaction of dicarbonylbis[π4-(5-methylhex-3-en-2-one)]molybdenum with cyclohepta-1,3,5-triene allows one to deduce a stepwise mechanism for this addition. The reactants are fused, as would be expected from an exo-type approach, thus indicating an intermolecular attack of the cycloheptatriene. Tungsten oxadiene complexes are effective in analogous reactions at somewhat reduced reaction rates. Catalytic cycloadditions are observed in several cases when 1-5 mol% of the highly reactive dicarbonylbis[π4-(R-(+)-pinocarvone)]molybdenum is employed as the catalyst. Cycloadducts are formed diastereospecifically in most cases. When cyclooctatrienes are employed as reactants, a sequence of electrocyclization of the triene and subsequent [4 + 2]-cycloadditon occurs with high selectivity and efficiency, leading to a pentacyclic ketone. The product structure reveals an endo-type approach of the polyene in this case.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 4385-4403 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese, thermische Stabilität und Chemilumineszenz-Eigenschaften von Bisdioxetanen aus p-DioxinenDurch Eliminierung von Methanol aus 2,5-Dimethoxy-1,4-dioxanen und 2,3-Dihydro-2-methoxy-1,4-dioxinen mit Hilfe von p-Toluolsulfonsäure und Acetanhydrid konnten die bisher unbekannten Verbindungen Tetrakis(4-methylphenyl)-1,4-dioxin (1c), Tetrakis(4-meth-oxyphenyl)-1,4-dioxin (1d), Tetrakis(4-chlorphenyl)-1,4-dioxin (1e) und 2,5-Dimethyl-3,6-di-phenyl-1,4-dioxin (1f) in guten Ausbeuten erhalten werden. Photosensibilisierte Singulett-Oxygenierung dieser 1,4-Dioxine 1 lieferte die entsprechenden Bisdioxetane 2, die 1,2-Di-ketone und die Endioldiester 7. Durch Thermolyse der Bisdioxetane 2 wurden die jeweiligen Anhydride 4 quantitativ erhalten. Das intermediäre Auftreten von (3R,4S)-3-Acetoxy-4-(benzoyloxy)-4-methyl-3-phenyl-1,2-dioxetan (3f) während der thermischen Zersetzung von 1,6-Dimethyl-3,8-diphenyl-2,4,5,7,9,10-hexaoxatricyclo[6.2.0.03,6] decan (2f) konnte nachgewiesen werden. Die Bisdioxetane 2 und das Monodioxetan 3f besitzen ähnliche thermische Stabilität. Ihre freien Aktivierungsenthalpien (ΔG±) bei 298 K liegen bei 25.5 ± 1.5 kcal/ mol. Die Singulett- (±s) und Triplettausbeuten (±T) der Bisdioxetane 2 und des Monodi-oxetans 3f liegen zwischen 0.003 und 0.03% bzw. 9.5 und 71.5%. Es wird postuliert, daß beim thermischen Zerfall von Bisdioxetan 2f trotz günstiger Energiebilanz keine höher angeregten Zustände des Anhydrids 4f gebildet werden. Der vorherrschende Zerfallsweg von 2f beinhaltet anscheinend einen stufenweisen Bruch der beiden Dioxetanringe.
    Notes: By elimination of methanol from 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-dioxanes and 2,3-dihydro-2-methoxy-1,4-dioxines on treatment with p-toluenesulfonic acid in acetic anhydride, the new tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-, tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)-, tetra-p-tolyl-, and 2,5-dimethyl-3,6-diphenyl-1,4-dioxines (1) were prepared in good yields. Photosensitized singlet oxygenation of these 1,4-dioxines 1 afforded the corresponding bisdioxetanes 2, the 1,2-diketones, and the enediol diesters 7. Thermal decomposition of the bisdioxetanes 2 yielded the corresponding anhydrides 4 essentially quantitatively. During the thermolysis of 1,6-dimethyl-3,8-diphenyl-2,4,5,7,9,10-hexaoxatricyclo[6.2.0.03,6]decane (2f) appreciable amounts of (3R,4S)-3-acetoxy-4-(benzoyloxy)-4-methyl-3-phenyl-1,2-dioxetane (3f) were detected. The bisdioxetanes 2 and monodioxetane 3f exhibited similar thermal stabilities, the free energies of activation (ΔG±) at 298 K falling within 25.5 + 1.5 kcal/mol. The singlet excitation yields (Φs) ranged between 0.003 and 0.03% and the triplet excitation yields (ΦT) between 9.5 and 71.5%. Despite the favorable energy balance, it is concluded that no higher excited states of anhydride 4f are produced during the thermolysis of bisdioxetane 2f. On thermal activation, the bisdioxetanes decompose by sequential cleavage of the two dioxetane rings.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 36-49 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aminyl Oxides (Nitroxides), XXXVIII. Formation of Aminyl Oxides by Oxidation of Nitrones and 5-(Hydroxyamino)isoxazolidinesAccording to ESR spectroscopic studies, aminyl oxides 3-8 are formed by oxidation of nitrones 1 or their dimers 2. However, vinylaminyl oxides 3 can only be detected in the case of 1g, h, or r (R2=R3=aryl). Other nitrones 1 with two substituents at β-position (R2=R3=Me, or R2=Ph, R3=Me) afford O,C-bonded spin adducts 6 and/or acylaminyl oxides 7 or 8. Radicals 5 are formed by oxidation of 2k-m and s. 5k and s are rapidly converted into 4k and s. On the other hand, 5l and m are not converted as well as 5d, which arises along with a second radical by oxidation of 1d. In most other cases oxidation of 1 or 2 yields radicals to which structure 4 is assigned. 13 rather than the cyclic radical 14 is formed by oxidation of the hydroxylamine 12, which was prepared for reason of comparison. Dehydro dimers 23 can be isolated after oxidation of the nitrones 1d,i and 2m (R2=Ph, R3=H). 23i is converted into the pyrrole 24 on standing. Oxidation of 1c by the acylaminyl oxide 26 gives 27.
    Notes: ESR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen zeigen, daß bei der Oxidation von Nitronen 1 oder deren Umwandlungsprodukten 2 Aminyloxide 3-8 gebildet werden. Nur bei Oxidation von 1g,h und r (R2=R3=Aryl) lassen sich die Vinylaminyloxide 3 direkt nachweisen. Andere am β-C-Atome zweifach substituierte Nitrone 1 (R2=R3=Me oder R2=Ph, R3=Me) ergeben O,C-verknüpfte Spin-Addukte 6 und/oder Acylaminyloxide 7 oder 8. Bei der Oxidation von 2k-m und s bilden sich die Radikale 5. 5k und s wandeln sich jedoch sehr schnell in 4k und s um, während 5l und m beständig sind, ebenso wie 5d, das neben einem zweiten Radikal bei Oxidation von 1d nachgewiesen werden kann. In den meisten anderen Fällen entstehen bei der Oxidation von 1 und 2 Radikale, denen Struktur 4 zugeordnet wird. Das zu Vergleichszwecken dargestellte Hydroxylamin 12 ergibt 13 und nicht das cyclische Radikal 14. Nach Oxidation von 1d und i sowie 2m (R2=Ph, R3=H) werden die Dehydro-Dimeren 23 isoliert. 23i wandelt sich beim Stehenlassen in das Pyrrol 24 um. Oxidation von 1c mit dem Acylaminyloxid 26 führt zu 27.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 65-73 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Solvolysereaktionen und Kraftfeld-Rechungen mit epimeren CyclohexanderivatenReaktionen der epimeren 4-tert-Butylcyclohexyltosylate (1e, 1a) Hexafluorisopropylalkohol (HFIP) ermöglichen erstmals die Beobachtung von SN1-artigen, nicht stereospezifischen Substitutionen, während konventionelle Solventien, unter Einschluß sogar von Trifluorethanol, SN2-artige Inversionen durch einen solvensgestützten Mechanismus (≙ks) ergeben. Die Epimeren zeigen hier große Unterschiede in den nach Schleyer-Bentley et al. erhaltenen ks/kc-Werten. Dies sowie die sogar verstärkte Eliminierung bei der Reaktion äquatorialer Epimerer (1e:98%, 1a:96%, in HFIP) läßt auf das Auftreten von Nicht-Sessel-Formen aus 1e schließen sowie auf eher E2- als E1-artige Übergangszustände. Kinetische Messungen, einschließlich solcher mit cis-3,5-Dimethylcyclohexanestern (2a, 2e) und 3α/3β-(Tosyloxy)androstanen (3a, 3e) zeigen kleine Unterschiede zwischen den äquatorialen Estern, in Übereinstimmung mit MM2-Rechungen, welche ebenfalls kleine Variationen der Spannungsenergie zwischen den verschieden substituierten Twist-Boot-Intermediaten ergeben. Dagegen zeigen die axialen Epimeren (1a, 2a, 3a) erhebliche Unterschiede von bis zu 500%, obwohl die verschiedenen zusätzlichen Alkylgruppen entfernt von der Abgangsgruppe stehen und die Sesselgeometrie nicht stören. Die mit 1a, 2a, 3a beobachteten Variationen, welche die nahezu prohibitive Limitierung der Winstein-Holness-Gleichung bei Solvolysen demonstrieren, lassen sich mit MM2-berechneten erheblichen Spannungsdifferenzen zwischen den Edukten und den entsprechenden substituierten Cyclohexenen erklären.
    Notes: Reactions of the epimeric 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl tosylates in hexafluoroisopropyl alcohol (HFIP) (1e, 1a) allow for the first time to observe SN1-type non-stereospecific substitution, whereas conventional solvents including even trifluoroethanol yield SN2-type inversion by solvent assisted pathway (≙ks). Large differences are found between the epimers in the solvent participation, measured kinetically by the Schleyer-Bentley equation. This, as well as the even enhanced elimination with the equatorial isomer 1e as compared to 1a (98% vs. 96% in HFIP) points to the occurrence of non-chair intermediates from 1e-derivatives, and to more E2- than E1-type reactions. Kinetic measurements, including those of cis-3,5-dimethylcyclohexane esters (2a, 2e) and 3α/3β-(tosyloxy)androstanes (3a, 3e) show little differences between the equatorial esters in agreement with MM2 calculations, which establish small strain energy variations between the differently substituted twist-boat intermediates. Large differences, however, of up to 500% are measured between the axial esters (1a, 2a, 3a), although the alkyl substituents are remote from the leaving group and do not alter the chair geometry. These variations, which demonstrate the severe limitation of the Winstein-Holness equation for solvolysis reactions, are explained by MM2 calculated significant strain difference between the educts and the corresponding substituted cyclohexenes.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Dihydroazaborolyl ComplexesAnmerkung zur Nomenklatur: Die traditionelle Bezeichnung „Azaborolinyl“ ist nach der IUPAC-Regel RB-1.2 durch „Dihydroazaborolyl“ zu ersetzen (Pure Appl. Chem. 55, 409, 1983. , XX. The Dynamic Behavior of BN Perturbed Cyclopentadienyl Ligands  -  Synthesis and Properties of (1-tert-Butyl-2,5-dihydro-2-methyl-η5-1H-1,2-azaboroloyl)-(η4-1,5-cyclooctadiene)cobalt1-tert-Butyl-2,5-dihydro-2-methyl-1H-1,2-azaborole (1) and Co2(CO)8 react in petroleum ether at 60-80°C with 40% yield to give the half sandwich complex (1-tert-butyl-2,5-dihydro-2-methyl-η5-1H-1,2-azaborolyl)dicarbonylcobalt (2), a red liquid. The CO ligands in 2 are substituted photolytically by 1,5-cyclooctadiene with formation of the liquid orangered title complex 3 in 54% yield. The hindered mobility of the ligands is discussed by means of temperature dependent NMR spectra.
    Notes: 1-tert-Butyl-2,5-dihydro-2-methyl-1H-1,2-azaborol (1) und Co2(CO)8 reagieren in Petrolether bei 60-80°C mit 40% Ausbeute zu dem Halbsandwichkomplex (1-tert-Butyl-2,5-dihydro-2-methyl-η5-1H-1,2-azaborolyl)dicarbonylcobalt (2), einer roten Flüssigkeit. Die CO-Liganden in 2 können photolytisch durch 1,5-Cyclooctadien ersetzt werden, wobei sich der flüssige organgerote Titel-Komplex 3 mit 54% Ausbeute bildet. Die behinderte Beweglichkeit der Liganden wird an Hand der temperaturabhängigen NMR-Spektren diskutiert.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 122 (1989), S. 321-326 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: NMR shielding mechanisms ; Steric effects ; Hybridization ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 13C- und 1H-NMR-Abschirmungseffekte in aliphatischen gauche/trans-FragmentenAuf der Basis von verbesserten rechnerischen Modellen, von neuen NMR-Messungen an Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan- und an Cyclohexanverbindungen sowie von Literaturdaten wird gezeigt, daß klassische Mechanismen von sterisch induzierten Ladungspolarisierungen, von linearen elektrischen Feldeffekten und Anisotropieeffekten zahlreiche Unterschiede bei Substituenteneffekten erklären. Die Rolle sterischer Geometriestörungen auf α- und β-Effekte wird diskutiert; die durch Einführung von α-Methyl-substituenten induzierten Bindungswinkeländerungen an C-α und die daraus berechneten Hybridisierungsdifferenzen lassen sich sowohl mit den sehr unterschiedlichen Cα-Me-Substituenteneffekten wie auch mit den entsprechenden Differenzen zwischen äquatorialen und axialen Susbtituenten korrelieren.
    Notes: On the basis of improved calculation models, of new NMR measurements with bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl and cyclohexyl compounds, and of literature data it is shown that classical mechanisms of sterically induced charge polarizations, of linear electric field, and of anisotropy effects can account for many substituent-induced shielding (SIS) differences. The rǒle of steric distortions on α-and β-SIS is discussed; bond angle variations generated by a methyl group introduction at C-α and subsequent hybridization changes are correlated with Cα-Me SIS values as well as with the eq/ax shielding in cyclohexanes.
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