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  • Animals  (7)
  • Aphidius sonchi  (3)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (7)
  • Springer  (3)
  • Cell Press
  • Springer Nature
  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • 1980-1984  (4)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (7)
  • Springer  (3)
  • Cell Press
  • Springer Nature
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of host age at parasitization by Aphidius sonchi on the development, survival, and reproduction of the sowthistle aphid, Hyperomyzus lactucae (1984)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 36 (1984), S. 239-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Aphid/parasite interactions ; parasitization ; host age ; Hyperomyzus lactucae ; Aphidius sonchi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Dix-neuf cohortes d'Hyperomyzus lactucae L. (Homoptera: Aphididae), élevées dans différentes conditions de lumière et de température, ont été exposées à différents moments de leur développement aux attaques d'Aphidius sonchi Marsh. (Hym. Aphidiidae). Quels que soient les conditions d'élevage et l'âge des pucerons quand ils ont été parasités, la survie, le développement et la reproduction n'ont été affectés que lorsque les parasites avaient accompli 30, 40 et 55% de leur développement total. Ainsi, les pucerons parasités au premier stade ou au début du second ne parvenaient pas à atteindre la maturité. Par la suite, le nombre de jeunes produits par les pucerons parasités a cru rapidement au fur et à mesure que l'âge de ces derniers au moment où ils avaient été parasités la dernière mue ou plus tard présentaient la même potentialité pour contribuer à l'accroissement ultérieur de la population. Comparés aux effets sur la mue, les effets sur le développement alaire des larves potentiellement ailées apparaissent beaucoup plus tôt après le moment où le puceron a été parasité, mais là aussi avec des délais plus ou moins indépendants de l'âge de l'hôte lors de la première attaque du parasite. Par conséquent, le degré de développement des ailes dépendait totalement de l'âge du puceron lorsqu'ila été parasité. Ces résultats ont montré que l'âge du puceron lors de la première attaque détermine les conséquences du parasitisme de l'hôte.
    Notes: Abstract Nineteen cohorts of Hyperomyzus lactucae (L.) (Homoptera: Aphididae) reared at various temperaturelight regimes were exposed to attack by Aphidius sonchi Marshall (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) at different ages of their development. Irrespective of host age at the initial parasitization and rearing conditions, the rates of reproduction, development and survival were unaffected until the parasites within had completed approximately 30, 40 and 55% of their total development respectively. As a result, aphids parasitized in the first or early second instar failed to reach maturity. Thereafter, the numbers of young produced by parasitized aphids increased rapidly as the age of the hosts at initial parasitization increased, and aphids parasitized 3 days after the final moult or later showed similar potential to contribute to future population increase. In comparison with the effects on host moulting, those on wing development of the potentially alatiform nymphs appeared much sooner after the beginning of parasitization, but again with the time lags being more or less independent of host age at the initial parasite attack. Consequently, the extent of wing development depended entirely on the age of the hosts when attacked. These results showed that the age of the host at the initial parasite attack is crucial in determining the consequences of parasitization on the host.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185653
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationships between temperature and rate of development in two geographic stocks of Aphidius sonchi in the laboratory (1984)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 36 (1984), S. 231-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Development rate ; effect of temperature ; temperature fluctuations ; extreme temperatures ; Aphidius sonchi ; Aphidiidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La durée du développement de l'oeuf à l'adulte de deux lignées d'A. sonchi Marshall (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) a été déterminée en températures constantes et avec des thermopériodes. La courbe logistique a décrit correctement la relation entre la température et la vitesse de développement pour chacune des deux lignées en conditions constantes. En se basant sur les courbes à température constante, les comparaisons ont montré que l'alternance thermique n'accélère, ni ne ralentit le développement des lignées. Une analyse complémentaire a montré que le développement aux températures extrêmes était correctement décrit par la courbe logistique. Les données et les analyses consécutives ont montré: (1) que par suite de l'aspect curviligne de la relation, les durées de développement en conditions constantes et thermopériodiques peuvent différer considérablement si les comparaisons portent sur les températures quotidiennes moyennes; (2) qu'en conséquence, le seuil de développement et la constante thermique estimés par une transformation hyperbolique des données concernant les températures quotidiennes moyennes varieront avec l'amplitude et le mode de fluctuation; et (3) que les relations thermiques obtenues à partir des données de laboratoire ne peuvent être utilisées en confiance pour prédire le développement des insectes dans la nature.
    Notes: Abstract The developmental periods from egg to adult of two stocks of the aphid parasite, Aphidius sonchi Marshall (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), were determined under various constant and alternating temperature regimes. The relationship between temperature and rate of development for each of the two stocks under constant conditions was described satisfactorily by the logistic curve. Based on the constant temperature curves, comparisons showed that temperature alternations did not accelerate or decelerate rate of development in either stock. Further analysis indicated that rates of development at extreme temperatures were well described by the logistic curve. The data and subsequent analyses showed that (1) because of the curvilinear form of the relationship, durations of development can differ considerably between constant and varying conditions if comparisons are made using daily mean temperatures; (2) as a result, the development threshold and thermal constant estimated by a hyperbolic transformation of data referred to daily mean temperatures will vary with the amplitude and pattern of fluctuations; and (3) temperature relationships derived from laboratory data can be used safely to predict the development of insects in the field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185652
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oviposition preferences of a hymenopterous parasite for certain instars of its aphid host (1984)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 35 (1984), S. 249-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Oviposition preferences ; random egg distribution ; aphid instars and morphs ; Aphidius sonchi ; Ichneumonidea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Quand les sept stades et types du puceron Hyperomyzus lactucea L. sont présentés ensemble à la ponte de son hyménoptère parasite, Aphidius sonchi Marshall, le nombre d'oeufs pondus est particulièrement élevé dans les larves de l'hôte au 3ème stade. Les pucerons adultes et les larves alatiformes avaient reçu le plus faible nombre d'oeufs. Quand les différents types et les sept stades sont exposés séparément, comparativement moins d'oeufs sont pondus à la fois sur les larves des 3ème et 4ème stades aptériformes. Ces résultats suggèrent que, quand on lui donne le choix, le parasite préfère les plus grosses laryes aptériformes. La distribution des oeufs parmi les individus du même stade était généralement au hasard.
    Notes: Abstract When the seven available instars and morphs of the aphid, Hyperomyzus lactucae (L.), were exposed together to oviposition by its hymenopterous parasite, Aphidius sonchi Marshall, the numbers of eggs laid were highest in the nymphal instars, particularly in third instar hosts. Adult aphids and alatiform nymphs had the least numbers of eggs laid in them. When the seven instars and morphs were exposed separately, comparatively fewer eggs were laid in both third and fourth (apteriform) instar hosts. These results suggested that, when given a choice, the parasite prefers larger apteriform nymphs. The distribution of eggs among individuals of the same instar during the 3-h test exposure was generally found to be random.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369140
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  • 4
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    Regulated delivery of therapeutic proteins after in vivo somatic cell gene transfer (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999
    Description: Stable delivery of a therapeutic protein under pharmacologic control was achieved through in vivo somatic gene transfer. This system was based on the expression of two chimeric, human-derived proteins that were reconstituted by rapamycin into a transcription factor complex. A mixture of two adeno-associated virus vectors, one expressing the transcription factor chimeras and one containing erythropoietin (Epo) under the control of a promoter responsive to the transcription factor, was injected into skeletal muscle of immune-competent mice. Administration of rapamycin resulted in 200-fold induction of plasma Epo. Stable engraftment of this humanized system in immune-competent mice was achieved for 6 months with similar results for at least 3 months in a rhesus monkey.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ye, X -- Rivera, V M -- Zoltick, P -- Cerasoli, F Jr -- Schnell, M A -- Gao, G -- Hughes, J V -- Gilman, M -- Wilson, J M -- P01 AR/NS43648-03/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK47757-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jan 1;283(5398):88-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Human Gene Therapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9872748" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytomegalovirus/genetics ; Dependovirus/genetics ; Erythropoietin/administration & dosage/blood/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Therapy/*methods ; Genetic Vectors ; Hematocrit ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; Recombinant Proteins ; Sirolimus/*pharmacology ; Transcription Factors/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Population diversity: its extent and extinction (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-10-24
    Description: Genetically distinct populations are an important component of biodiversity. This work estimates the number of populations per area of a sample of species from literature on population differentiation and the average range area of a species from a sample of distribution maps. This yields an estimate of about 220 populations per species, or 1.1 to 6.6 billion populations globally. Assuming that population extinction is a linear function of habitat loss, approximately 1800 populations per hour (16 million annually) are being destroyed in tropical forests alone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hughes, J B -- Daily, G C -- Ehrlich, P R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Oct 24;278(5338):689-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5020, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9381179" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; *Genetics, Population ; Mathematics ; Plants ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Population Density
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    The neuron-specific protein PGP 9.5 is a ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-03
    Description: A complementary DNA (cDNA) for ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L3 was cloned from human B cells. The cDNA encodes a protein of 230 amino acids with a molecular mass of 26.182 daltons. The human protein is very similar to the bovine homolog, with only three amino acids differing in over 100 residues compared. The amino acid sequence deduced from the cDNA was 54% identical to that of the neuron-specific protein PGP 9.5. Purification of bovine PGP 9.5 confirmed that it is also a ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase. These results suggest that a family of such related proteins exists and that their expression is tissue-specific.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilkinson, K D -- Lee, K M -- Deshpande, S -- Duerksen-Hughes, P -- Boss, J M -- Pohl, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 3;246(4930):670-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2530630" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neuropeptides/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Thiolester Hydrolases/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Reverse transcriptase motifs in the catalytic subunit of telomerase (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-04-25
    Description: Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. Telomerase RNA components have been identified from many organisms, but no protein component has been demonstrated to catalyze telomeric DNA extension. Telomerase was purified from Euplotes aediculatus, a ciliated protozoan, and one of its proteins was partially sequenced by nanoelectrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Cloning and sequence analysis of the corresponding gene revealed that this 123-kilodalton protein (p123) contains reverse transcriptase motifs. A yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) homolog was found and subsequently identified as EST2 (ever shorter telomeres), deletion of which had independently been shown to produce telomere defects. Introduction of single amino acid substitutions within the reverse transcriptase motifs of Est2 protein led to telomere shortening and senescence in yeast, indicating that these motifs are important for catalysis of telomere elongation in vivo. In vitro telomeric DNA extension occurred with extracts from wild-type yeast but not from est2 mutants or mutants deficient in telomerase RNA. Thus, the reverse transcriptase protein fold, previously known to be involved in retroviral replication and retrotransposition, is essential for normal chromosome telomere replication in diverse eukaryotes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lingner, J -- Hughes, T R -- Shevchenko, A -- Mann, M -- Lundblad, V -- Cech, T R -- AG11728/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Apr 25;276(5312):561-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0215, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9110970" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Catalysis ; Chromosomes/metabolism ; DNA, Fungal/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Euplotes/*enzymology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Fungal Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Genes, Fungal ; Genes, Protozoan ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; *Rna ; RNA, Fungal/metabolism ; RNA, Protozoan/metabolism ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/*chemistry/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Sequence Alignment ; Telomerase/*chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Telomere/metabolism ; Templates, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Didemnins: antiviral and antitumor depsipeptides from a caribbean tunicate (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-22
    Description: Extracts of samples of a Caribbean tunicate (ascidian, sea squirt) of the family Didemnidae inhibit in vitro at low concentrations the growth of DNA and RNA viruses as well as L1210 leukemic cells. The active compounds isolated from the tunicate, didemnins A, B, and C, are depsipeptides, and didemnin B (a derivative of didemnin A) is the component active at the lowest concentration in inhibiting viral replication in vitro and P388 leukemia in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rinehart, K L Jr -- Gloer, J B -- Hughes, R G Jr -- Renis, H E -- McGovren, J P -- Swynenberg, E B -- Stringfellow, D A -- Kuentzel, S L -- Li, L H -- AI 04769/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM 27029/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 22;212(4497):933-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233187" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/*isolation & purification ; Antiviral Agents/*isolation & purification ; *Depsipeptides ; Leukemia, Experimental/*drug therapy ; Peptides, Cyclic/*isolation & purification/therapeutic use ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Urochordata/*analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Optical image quality and the cone mosaic (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-31
    Description: Contrary to the orthodox view that optical image quality should "match" the photoreceptor grain, anatomical data from the eyes of various animals suggest that the image quality is significantly superior to the potential resolution of the cone mosaic in most retinal regions. A new theory is presented to explain the existence of this relation and to better appreciate eye design. It predicts that photoreceptors are potentially visible through the natural optics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Snyder, A W -- Bossomaier, T R -- Hughes, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 31;231(4737):499-501.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941914" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Humans ; Models, Neurological ; Photoreceptor Cells/*anatomy & histology ; Rats ; Snakes ; Species Specificity ; *Vision, Ocular ; *Visual Perception
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Point mutations in the human vitamin D receptor gene associated with hypocalcemic rickets (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-23
    Description: Hypocalcemic vitamin D-resistant rickets is a human genetic disease resulting from target organ resistance to the action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Two families with affected children homozygous for this autosomal recessive disorder were studied for abnormalities in the intracellular vitamin D receptor (VDR) and its gene. Although the receptor displays normal binding of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 hormone, VDR from affected family members has a decreased affinity for DNA. Genomic DNA isolated from these families was subjected to oligonucleotide-primed DNA amplification, and each of the nine exons encoding the receptor protein was sequenced for a genetic mutation. In each family, a different single nucleotide mutation was found in the DNA binding domain of the protein; one family near the tip of the first zinc finger (Gly----Asp) and one at the tip of the second zinc finger (Arg----Gly). The mutant residues were created in vitro by oligonucleotide directed point mutagenesis of wild-type VDR complementary DNA and this cDNA was transfected into COS-1 cells. The produced protein is biochemically indistinguishable from the receptor isolated from patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hughes, M R -- Malloy, P J -- Kieback, D G -- Kesterson, R A -- Pike, J W -- Feldman, D -- O'Malley, B W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 23;242(4886):1702-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2849209" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Calcitriol/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Codon ; DNA/genetics/metabolism ; Exons ; Female ; Gene Amplification ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia/*genetics ; Immunoblotting ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; Receptors, Steroid/*genetics/metabolism ; Rickets/*genetics ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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