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  • Chemistry  (33)
  • Animals  (11)
  • Genetic marker
  • RFLP
  • 1995-1999  (14)
  • 1985-1989  (17)
  • 1980-1984  (11)
  • 1925-1929  (3)
  • 1900-1904  (1)
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  • 1
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    Emerging marine diseases--climate links and anthropogenic factors (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-09-25
    Description: Mass mortalities due to disease outbreaks have recently affected major taxa in the oceans. For closely monitored groups like corals and marine mammals, reports of the frequency of epidemics and the number of new diseases have increased recently. A dramatic global increase in the severity of coral bleaching in 1997-98 is coincident with high El Nino temperatures. Such climate-mediated, physiological stresses may compromise host resistance and increase frequency of opportunistic diseases. Where documented, new diseases typically have emerged through host or range shifts of known pathogens. Both climate and human activities may have also accelerated global transport of species, bringing together pathogens and previously unexposed host populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harvell, C D -- Kim, K -- Burkholder, J M -- Colwell, R R -- Epstein, P R -- Grimes, D J -- Hofmann, E E -- Lipp, E K -- Osterhaus, A D -- Overstreet, R M -- Porter, J W -- Smith, G W -- Vasta, G R -- 1PO1 ES09563/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 3;285(5433):1505-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10498537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquaculture ; *Climate ; Cnidaria ; *Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary ; Humans ; Infection/epidemiology/*etiology/transmission/*veterinary ; *Marine Biology ; Oceans and Seas ; Water Pollution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Climate and health (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Epstein, P R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 16;285(5426):347-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Health and the Global Environment, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. paul_epstein@hms.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10438299" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa, Eastern/epidemiology ; Animals ; *Climate ; Communicable Disease Control ; Communicable Diseases/*epidemiology/etiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Ecosystem ; Forecasting ; *Global Health ; Humans ; Rift Valley Fever/*epidemiology/etiology/veterinary ; *Weather
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Reduced immunotoxicity and preservation of antibacterial activity in a releasable side-chain carbapenem antibiotic (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-29
    Description: A carbapenem antibiotic, L-786,392, was designed so that the side chain that provides high-affinity binding to the penicillin-binding proteins responsible for bacterial resistance was also the structural basis for ameliorating immunopathology. Expulsion of the side chain upon opening of the beta-lactam ring retained antibacterial activity while safely expelling the immunodominant epitope. L-786,392 was well tolerated in animal safety studies and had significant in vitro and in vivo activities against methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococci and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosen, H -- Hajdu, R -- Silver, L -- Kropp, H -- Dorso, K -- Kohler, J -- Sundelof, J G -- Huber, J -- Hammond, G G -- Jackson, J J -- Gill, C J -- Thompson, R -- Pelak, B A -- Epstein-Toney, J H -- Lankas, G -- Wilkening, R R -- Wildonger, K J -- Blizzard, T A -- DiNinno, F P -- Ratcliffe, R W -- Heck, J V -- Kozarich, J W -- Hammond, M L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jan 29;283(5402):703-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA. hugh_rosen@merck.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9924033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies/blood ; *Bacterial Proteins ; Carbapenems/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Dipeptidases/metabolism ; *Drug Design ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Enterococcus/drug effects ; Erythrocytes/immunology ; Haptens ; *Hexosyltransferases ; Humans ; Immunodominant Epitopes ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Lactams/chemical synthesis/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Macaca mulatta ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Muramoylpentapeptide Carboxypeptidase/metabolism ; Penicillin-Binding Proteins ; *Peptidyl Transferases ; Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Staphylococcus/drug effects ; Thiazoles/chemical synthesis/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Basal cell carcinomas in mice overexpressing sonic hedgehog (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-05-02
    Description: Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene PATCHED (PTC) are found in human patients with the basal cell nevus syndrome, a disease causing developmental defects and tumors, including basal cell carcinomas. Gene regulatory relationships defined in the fruit fly Drosophila suggest that overproduction of Sonic hedgehog (SHH), the ligand for PTC, will mimic loss of ptc function. It is shown here that transgenic mice overexpressing SHH in the skin develop many features of basal cell nevus syndrome, demonstrating that SHH is sufficient to induce basal cell carcinomas in mice. These data suggest that SHH may have a role in human tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oro, A E -- Higgins, K M -- Hu, Z -- Bonifas, J M -- Epstein, E H Jr -- Scott, M P -- AR39959/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 May 2;276(5313):817-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5427, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9115210" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Embryo, Mammalian ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Keratinocytes/metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Skin/pathology ; Skin Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Skin Transplantation ; *Trans-Activators
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Human homolog of patched, a candidate gene for the basal cell nevus syndrome (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-06-14
    Description: The basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS) is characterized by developmental abnormalities and by the postnatal occurrence of cancers, especially basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), the most common human cancer. Heritable mutations in BCNS patients and a somatic mutation in a sporadic BCC were identified in a human homolog of the Drosophila patched (ptc) gene. The ptc gene encodes a transmembrane protein that in Drosophila acts in opposition to the Hedgehog signaling protein, controlling cell fates, patterning, and growth in numerous tissues. The human PTC gene appears to be crucial for proper embryonic development and for tumor suppression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, R L -- Rothman, A L -- Xie, J -- Goodrich, L V -- Bare, J W -- Bonifas, J M -- Quinn, A G -- Myers, R M -- Cox, D R -- Epstein, E H Jr -- Scott, M P -- AR3995/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Jun 14;272(5268):1668-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305-5427, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8658145" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Neoplasm ; Drosophila ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Female ; Frameshift Mutation ; *Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Insect Hormones/genetics ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Cell Surface
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Polyene toxicity in renal medulla: injury mediated by transport activity (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-06
    Description: Polyene antibiotics such as amphotericin and nystatin increase membrane permeability and thus increase the amount of oxygen consumed in active electrolyte transport. In isolated perfused rat kidneys, the polyenes produced extensive injury to the medullary thick ascending limb, a segment of the nephron with limited oxygen supply. This damage was prevented if reabsorptive transport was inhibited by ouabain. Cell death under these circumstances thus appears to be mediated by increased oxygen demand for transport activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brezis, M -- Rosen, S -- Silva, P -- Spokes, K -- Epstein, F H -- AM18078/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 6;224(4644):66-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6322305" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amphotericin B/adverse effects ; Animals ; Biological Transport, Active/drug effects ; Cell Membrane Permeability/drug effects ; Furosemide/pharmacology ; Glomerular Filtration Rate/drug effects ; Kidney Medulla/*drug effects/pathology ; Loop of Henle/drug effects ; Nystatin/adverse effects ; Ouabain/pharmacology ; Oxygen Consumption/drug effects ; Polyenes/*adverse effects ; Rats ; Sodium/metabolism ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Hydrogen isotope ratios of mouse tissues are influenced by a variety of factors other than diet (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeNiro, M J -- Epstein, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 18;214(4527):1374-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7313700" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Deuterium/*metabolism ; *Diet ; Hydrogen/*metabolism ; Mice ; Water/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Role of nitrogen dioxide in the biosynthesis of nitraosamines in mice (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-28
    Description: Groups of three to four mice were gavaged with aqueous solutions of 2 milligrams of morpholine, after which they were exposed to nitrogen dioxide in inhalation chambers at concentrations of 0.2 to 50 parts per million for up to 4 hours. At sequential intervals during the exposure, mice were frozen and pulverized in liquid nitrogen, and the mice powder was extracted with ice-cold 35 percent aqueous methanol and dichloromethane; organic-phase concentrates were analyzed for N-nitrosomorpholine with a thermal energy analyzer interfaced to a gas chromatograph. The N-nitrosomorpholine yields, ranging up to about 2.3 micrograms per mouse, were time-dependent relative to the duration of exposure to nitrogen dioxide and dose-dependent relative to the concentrations of nitrogen dioxide; control levels (in mice that were gavaged with morpholine or distilled water and then exposed to air instead of nitrogen dioxide) were less than 5 nanograms per mouse. These preliminary studies demonstrate the in vivo nitrosating potential of nitrogen oxides.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iqbal, Z M -- Dahl, K -- Epstein, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 28;207(4438):1475-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361099" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amines/metabolism ; Animals ; Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology ; Biotransformation ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Mice ; Morpholines/*metabolism ; Nitrogen Dioxide/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Nitrosamines/*metabolism ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Carcinogenic risk estimation (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-05-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Epstein, S S -- Swartz, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 May 20;240(4855):1043-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago 60680.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3368788" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollution ; Animals ; *Carcinogens ; Humans ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Neoplasms/etiology/mortality ; Risk Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Individual tumors of multifocal EB virus-induced malignant lymphomas in tamarins arise from different B-cell clones (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: Cotton-top tamarins were inoculated with sufficient Epstein-Barr virus to induce multiple tumors in each animal within 14 to 21 days. The tumors consisted of large-cell lymphomas that contained multiple copies of the Epstein-Barr virus genome and generated Epstein-Barr virus-carrying cell lines showing no detectable consistent chromosomal abnormality. Hybridization of tumor DNA with immunoglobulin gene probes revealed that each lymphoma was oligo- or monoclonal in origin and that individual tumors from the same animal arose from different B-cell clones. Thus the virus induced multiple transformation events in tamarins in vivo to cause malignant tumors resembling the Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphomas of patients with organ transplants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cleary, M L -- Epstein, M A -- Finerty, S -- Dorfman, R F -- Bornkamm, G W -- Kirkwood, J K -- Morgan, A J -- Sklar, J -- CA 34233/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):722-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2986287" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*microbiology ; Burkitt Lymphoma/genetics/*microbiology ; Cell Line ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Heart Transplantation ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics/microbiology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Saguinus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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