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  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION  (597)
  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1985-1989  (117)
  • 1980-1984  (476)
  • 1935-1939
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A technique has been developed for coating low-cost mullite-based refractory substrates with thin layers of solar cell quality silicon. The technique involves first carbonizing one surface of the ceramic and then contacting it with molten silicon. The silicon wets the carbonized surface and, under the proper thermal conditions, solidifies as a large-grained sheet. Solar cells produced from this composite silicon-on-ceramic material have exhibited total area conversion efficiencies of ten percent.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Very high-efficiency GaAs Cassegrainian solar cells have been fabricated in both the n-p and p-n configurations. The n-p configuration exhibits the highest efficiency at concentration, the best cells having an efficiency eta of 24.5 percent (100X, AM0, temperature T = 28 C). Although the cells are designed for operation at this concentration, peak efficiency is observed near 300 suns (eta = 25.1 percent). To our knowledge, this is the highest reported solar cell efficiency for space applications. The improvement in efficiency over that reported at the previous SPRAT conference is attributed primarily to lower series resistance and improved grid-line plating procedures. Using previously measured temperature coefficients, researchers estimate that the n-p GaAs cells should deliver approximately 22.5 percent efficiency at the operating conditions of 100 suns and T = 80 C. This performance exceeds the NASA program goal of 22 percent for the Cassegrainian cell. One hundred Cassegrainian cells have been sent to NASA as deliverables, sixty-eight in the n-p configuration and thirty-two in the p-n configuration.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA, Lewis Research Center, Space Photovoltaic Research and Technology, 1988. High Efficiency. Space Environment, and Array Technology; p 292-297
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Space systems in the future will probably include high-voltage, high-power energy-storage and -production systems. Two such technologies are high-voltage ac and dc systems and high-power electrodynamic tethers. The working group identified several plasma interaction phenomena that will occur in the operation of these power systems. The working group felt that building an understanding of these critical interaction issues meant that several gaps in our knowledge had to be filled, and that certain aspects of dc power systems have become fairly well understood. Examples of these current collection are in quiescent plasmas and snap over effects. However, high-voltage dc and almost all ac phenomena are, at best, inadequately understood. In addition, there is major uncertainty in the knowledge of coupling between plasmas and large scale current flows in space plasmas. These gaps in the knowledge are addressed.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Space Technology Plasma Issues in 2001; p 12-15
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A categorized data base of software errors which were discovered during the various stages of development and operational use of the Deep Space Network DSN/Mark 3 System was developed. A study team identified several existing error classification schemes (taxonomies), prepared a detailed annotated bibliography of the error taxonomy literature, and produced a new classification scheme which was tuned to the DSN anomaly reporting system and encapsulated the work of others. Based upon the DSN/RCI error taxonomy, error data on approximately 1000 reported DSN/Mark 3 anomalies were analyzed, interpreted and classified. Next, error data are summarized and histograms were produced highlighting key tendencies.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-164369 , JPL-9950-536 , RCI-TR-005 , LO-726925
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper presents an overview of photovoltaic systems applications since the initiation of the U.S. National Photovoltaic Program in 1975. Experiences with these applications are summarized and some conclusions are drawn. Implications for future research, technology development and application experiments are drawn from the experiences to date.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Photovoltaic Specialists Conference; Jan 07, 1980 - Jan 10, 1980; San Diego, CA
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Results from a study of the disk MHD generator are presented. Both open and closed cycle disk systems were investigated. Costing of the open cycle disk components (nozzle, channel, diffuser, radiant boiler, magnet and power management) was done. However, no detailed costing was done for the closed cycle systems. Preliminary plant design for the open cycle systems was also completed. Based on the system study results, an economic assessment of the open cycle systems is presented. Costs of the open cycle disk conponents are less than comparable linear generator components. Also, costs of electricity for the open cycle disk systems are competitive with comparable linear systems. Advantages of the disk design simplicity are considered. Improvements in the channel availability or a reduction in the channel lifetime requirement are possible as a result of the disk design.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-TM-82609 , DOE/NASA/10769-17 , E-849 , Symp. on Engr. Aspects of Magnetohydrodyn.; Jun 15, 1981 - Jun 17, 1981; Tullahoma, TN; United States
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The requirements of a solar thermal power system are reviewed and compared with the predicted characteristics of automobile engines under development. A good match is found in terms of power level and efficiency when the automobile engines, designed for maximum powers of 65-100 kW (87 to 133 hp) are operated to the nominal 20-40 kW electric output requirement of the solar thermal application. At these reduced power levels it appears that the automotive gas turbine and Stirling engines have the potential to deliver the 40+ percent efficiency goal of the solar thermal program.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-TM-81658 , E-675 , DOE/NASA/1060-4 , SAE Intern. Eng. Congr. and Exposition,; Feb 23, 1981 - Feb 27, 1981; Detroit, MI; United States
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2006-06-12
    Description: When a 6V Eveready Energizer Battery, 528, is discharged, heat is produced internally within the battery itself. Detailed measurements of this battery heat were made for a five day discharge period using a load resistance of 20 ohms and an ambient temperature of 10 C. The battery heat produced per quarter day varied considerably, ranging from 1.08 watt-hrs to 2.63 watt-hrs. The total battery heat produced, using a 3.0 volt cutoff, is significant (37 watt-hrs) when compared to the total load heat produced (70 watt-hrs).
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1985 Get Away Special Experimenter's Symposium; p 177-184
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: 'Walk-off' in a dish-type solar thermal power system is a failure situation in which the concentrator remains fixed while the spot of concentrated sunlight slowly moves across the face of the receiver. The intense local heating may damage the receiver and nearby equipment. Passive protection has advantages in minimizing damage, but in a fully passive design the receiver must be able to withstand full solar input with no forced fluid circulation during the walk-off. An active walk-off emergency subsystem may include an emergency detrack or defocus mechanism or sun-blocking device, emergency power, sensors and logic to detect the emergency and initiate protective action, and cooling or passive protection of emergency and non-emergency components. Each of these elements is discussed and evaluated in the paper.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Electrochemical impedance spectra of rolled and bonded and sintered porous nickel battery electrodes were recorded periodically during charge/discharge cycling in concentrated KOH solution at various temperatures. A transmission line model (TLM) was adopted to represent the impedance of the porous electrodes, and various model parameters were adjusted in a curve fitting routine to reproduce the experimental impedances. Degradation processes for rolled and bonded electrodes were deduced from changes in model parameters with electrode cycling time. In developing the TLM, impedance spectra of planar (non-porous) electrodes were used to represent the pore wall and backing plate interfacial impedances. These data were measured over a range of potentials and temperatures, and an equivalent circuit model was adopted to represent the planar electrode data. Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the characteristics of the oxygen evolution reaction on planar nickel electrodes during charging, since oxygen evolution can affect battery electrode charging efficiency and ultimately electrode cycle life if the overpotential for oxygen evolution is sufficiently low. Transmission line modeling results suggest that porous rolled and bonded nickel electrodes undergo restructuring during charge/discharge cycling prior to failure.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA, Lewis Research Center, Space Electrochemical Research and Technology (SERT), 1989; p 311-24
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