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  • Articles  (89)
  • 1995-1999  (45)
  • 1990-1994  (44)
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  • Articles  (89)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 15 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Thermal fatigue experiments performed with an austenitic steel give rise to an irregular pattern of cracks on the specimen surface. The investigations are aimed at characterizing the patterns in quantitative terms and at discerning trends with increasing numbers of cycles. Statistical methods based on different models of stochastic geometry are applied to take into account the random influence in pattern formation. Descriptive statistics as well as stochastic models are used to characterize the damage level. The stochastic models, such as fibre processes and random mosaics, will finally correlate the physical damage process with the random crack pattern observed. It is shown in this paper how the statistical characteristics of the random crack patterns can be related to the statistical characteristics of the stochastic models and the way the physical nature of the damage process influences these quantities.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 133-136 (Jan. 1993), p. 627-632 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 363 (1999), S. 202-205 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Mixed crystals V1-xNbxO2 exist over the whole area of the quasibinary line VO2-NbO2. The existence of Nb5+ beside V3+ and V4+ on the V-rich side and V3+ beside Nb5+ and Nb4+ on the Nb-rich side of the mixed crystals is demonstrated by XANES-measurements. The compound VNbO4(V0.5Nb0.5O2) is described as a double oxide with vanadium only as V3+ and niobium only as Nb5+. At this point the electric resistivity of the solid solution shows a maximum.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 37 (1991), S. 1441-1453 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch Gesamtdruckmessungen mittels eines Membrannullmanometers wurden Phasenbarogramme der Systeme GeI4-I2, GeI4-BiI3 und GeI4-HgI2 ermittelt und die resultierenden Phasendiagramme mit den an Hand von DTA-Messungen erhaltenen verglichen. Alle diese Systeme besitzen einen eutektischen Punkt.
    Notes: Abstract The phase barograms of the systems GeI4-I2, GeI4-BiI3 and GeI4-HgI2 were determined by total pressure measurements in a membrane zero manometer and the resulting phase diagrams were compared with those obtained by DTA measurements. All the systems were single eutectics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 47 (1996), S. 595-604 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: Bi/Se/I ; Bi/Se/O ; chemical transport ; phase bragrams ; phase diagrams ; total pressure measurements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract From phasebarograms it is possible to construct phase diagrams. We show on example of the system Bi/Se/O how follow ternary sections from the total pressure measurements in equilibrium and how we can attribute the barogram of the ternary region Bi2Se3/Bi2O2Se/Se to the binary system Bi2Se3/Se. The knowledge of the ternary system Bi/Se/I and its coexistent pressure courses allow to followT-p-x conditions for the chemical transport of phases from this system.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Materials science 27 (1991), S. 551-555 
    ISSN: 1573-885X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions In this paper, some ideas concerning the statistical modelling of damage on a microstructural level and its relation to macroscopic quantities are given. Two examples using different kinds of approaches for the damage modelling are presented. In the first part, creep damage of an austenitic steel is modelled in a phenomenological way according to experimental observations. This leads to patterns of simulated grain boundary failure, which are in qualitative agreement with experimental findings. A method is indicated how to incorporate micromechanical models in macroscopic relations for creep behavior. In the second part, a micromechanical model for creep damage of alumina is incorporated into the simulated grain boundary structure. Characteristic patterns of the different simulation procedures are shown. As a first step, the results seem to be encouraging. The advantages of the use of stochastic geometry methods in the light of the possible inclusion of more sophisticated models for grain boundary failure and the interaction effects of cavitated grain boundary facets are twofold: Any kind of grain boundary failure can be handled by the stochastic model which is therefore applicable for different kinds of material. Interaction effects of cavitated grain boundary facets can be handled in a very efficient way, which allows the simulation of realistic configurations without a prohibitively large amount of computing time. The framework of the stochastic geometry seems therefore to be a very efficient tool for the development of micromechanical damage models and their relation to a macroscopic description of damage.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 26 (1995), S. 450-458 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Development of a Knowledge Based Information System for Fatigue Life Prediction SummaryThe automotive manufacturer oppose the increasing competition with shorter development times and reduced costs. For this new development tools are necessary specially for the reduction of the experimental development expenditure. If computer aided fatigue life prediction methods supply reliable fatigue life values the experimental stage of development can be reduced. These computer simulations have to include internal experiences, of companies rules of improvement, facts, experimental results and the proved calculation methods. Together with the Adam Opel AG in Rüsselsheim the Fraunhofer-Institut für Betriebsfestigkeit has developed the knowledge based information systems FALIXS (FAtigue LIfe EXpert System) for fatigue life prediction of automotive components. It is an effective tool for the design fatigue resistant structures.
    Notes: Die Fahrzeughersteller versuchen dem zunehmenden Konkurrenzdruck auch durch kürzere Entwicklungszeiten und reduzierte Entwicklungskosten zu begegnen. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, bedarf es neuer Entwicklungswerkzeuge, mit denen insbesondere der experimentelle Entwicklungsaufwand reduziert wird. Mit der Möglichkeit, zuverlässig die Lebensdauer rechnerisch zu bestimmen, ließe sich die Versuchsphase der Bauteilentwicklung verkürzen. In solche Rechnersimulationen müssen die innerbetrieblichen Erfahrungen, Bewertungsregeln, Fakten, Versuchsergebnisse und die bewährten Rechenmethoden einfließen. In Zusammenarbeit mit der Adam Opel AG in Rüsselsheim hat das Fraunhofer-Institut für Betriebsfestigkeit das wissensbasierte Informationssystem FALIXS (FAtigue LIfe EXpert System) zur rechnerischen Lebensdauervorhersage von Fahrzeugteilen entwickelt, ein wirkungsvolles Entwicklungswerkzeug zur betriebsfesten Bauteilbemessung.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 590 (1990), S. 161-172 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Thermal Decomposition of Hg2I2 and the Hg—I State DiagramSolid Hg2I2 decomposes congruently in Hg and HgI2. The entropy S°(Hg2I2,s,298) = (55,5 ± 1) cal/K · mol and the enthalpy of formation ΔHf°(Hg2I2, s, 298) = (-30,0 ± 2) kcal/mol are derived from the decomposition equilibrium. The phase diagram of the whole system Hg—I was constructed from investigations by DTA and total pressure measurements in the partial systems Hg—Hg2I2, Hg2I2—HgI2, and HgI2—I2. It follows, that Hg2I2 melts incongruently at 297°C and decomposes in a Hg-rich and HgI2-rich melt. The emerging miscibility gap is assumed to close at a temperature near 500°C.
    Notes: Festes Hg2I2 zersetzt sich kongruent in Hg und HgI2. Aus dem Zersetzungsgleichgewicht werden die Standardentropie S°(Hg2I2, f, 298) = (55,5 ± 1) cal/K · mol und die Bildungsenthalpie ΔHb°(Hg2I2, f, 298) = (-30,0 ± 2) kcal/mol hergeleitet.Differentialthermoanalytische Untersuchungen über den Gesamtbereich Hg—I und Gesamtdruckmessungen in den Teilsystemen Hg—Hg2I2, Hg2I2—HgI2 und HgI2—I2 liefern das Zustandsdiagramm Hg—I. Es folgt, daß Hg2I2 bei 297°C inkongruent schmilzt und sich in eine Hg-reiche und HgI2-reiche Schmelze zersetzt. Die Mischungslücke schließt sich oberhalb 500°C.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 606 (1991), S. 41-49 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Yttrium copper oxides ; e.m.f. measurements ; enthalpies of formation ; standard entropies ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermochemical Investigations on the Compounds YCuO2 and Y2Cu2O5It has been investigated the oxygen partial pressure of the decomposition of the ternary compounds YCuO2 and Y2Cu2O5 in dependence from the temperature in the temperature range 1050-1330 K by using the e.m.f. method. The enthalpies of formation and the standard entropies of the two compounds have been derived basing on measured e.m.f. values.
    Notes: Die Temperaturfunktionen des Sauerstoffzersetzungsdruckes der ternären Phasen YCuO2 und Y2Cu2O5 wurden im Temperaturbereich von 1 050 bis 1 330 K unter Anwendung von Festelektrolytmeßzellen bestimmt. Ausgehend von den gemessenen EMK-Werten wurden die Standardbildungsenthalpie sowie die Standardentropien der ternären Phasen berechnet.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 601 (1991), S. 83-92 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Bismuth triiodide ; decomposition equilibrium ; transport equilibrium ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on the Decomposition Equilibrium BiI3 ⇌ BiI + I2 and Transport Equilibrium 2Bi + BiI3 ⇌ 3BiIWe determined the decomposition equilibrium (1) and the transport equilibrium (2) by a membranezeromanometer and by CTR experiments. The enthalpy of formation for BiI was concluded from the equilibrium constants. With the standard entropy \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm S}^{\rm 0} ({\rm BiI, g, 298}) = 65.8 \pm 0.2\,{\rm cal/K} \cdot {\rm mol} $$\end{document} follow the values \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \Delta {\rm H}_{\rm f}^0 ({\rm BiI, g, 298}) = 20.1 \pm 4\,{\rm kcal/mol} $$\end{document} from the first, and \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \Delta {\rm H}_{\rm f}^0({\rm BiI, g, 298}) = 22.0 \pm 2\,{\rm kcal/mol} $$\end{document} from the second equation, by both methods.
    Notes: Das Zersetzungsgleichgewicht BiIl3, g = BiI, g + I2, g (1) und das Transportgleichgewicht 2Bi, fl + BiI3, g = 3BiI, g (2) wurden im Membrannullmanometer gemessen und letzteres auch durch chemische Transportreaktionen ermittelt. Aus den Gleichgewichtskonstanten wurde die Bildungsenthalpie des BiI, g hergeleitet. Man erhält mit der Standardentropie \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm S}^{\rm 0} ({\rm BiI, g, 298}) = 65,8 \pm 0,2\,{\rm cal/K} \cdot {\rm mol} $$\end{document} aus ersterem Gleichgewicht \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \Delta {\rm H}_{\rm B}^0 ({\rm BiI, g, 298}) = 20,1 \pm 4\,{\rm kcal/mol,} $$\end{document} und aus letzterem nach beiden Herleitungen \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \Delta {\rm H}_{\rm B}^0 = 22,0 \pm 2\,{\rm kcal/mol}{\rm .} $$\end{document}.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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