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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On a small structure in velocity field within a contact region (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 12 (2000), S. 3235-3244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In a contact region (contact surface in Euler terms) connecting the two uniform regions in a flow field such as caused by the sudden break of a membrane in a shock-tube, there exists a small structure in velocity field, which has been reported earlier by the calculation based on the Boltzmann equation of the BGK type. Probably, the accepted view would be that the velocity within this region is uniform. Here this velocity structure is investigated thoroughly based on not only the Boltzmann equation but also the Navier–Stokes equations. Actually the velocity field has a hump or a pit, the width of which is found to be the same as the thickness of the region. The magnitude of the hump or the pit decreases with time, inversely proportional to the square root of time. At the so-called tailoring condition at which the contact region has so far been thought not to manifest itself, actually it does exist; the velocity structure does not appear of course but the temperature and, hence, the density still have structures, although they are small in magnitude. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1314622
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations by a defect in a rice G protein α subunit in probenazole and pathogen-induced responses (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The rice dwarf1 (d1) mutant, which is deficient in an α subunit (Gα) of heterotrimeric G protein, was used to obtain specific evidence on the functions of Gα protein in defence signalling in rice. Using proteome analysis, a probenazole-inducible protein (PBZ1) was detected in the cytosolic fraction of leaf blade of the wild type, but not the d1 mutant. After treatment with probenazol, PBZ1 reached maximal levels at 72 h in the wild type but 96 h in the d1 mutant. The induction of PBZ1 by probenazole treatment was inhibited by protein kinase inhibitors. A 48-kDa putative mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and a 55-kDa putative Ca2+-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) showed lower activities in the cytosolic fraction of the d1 mutant than that of the wild type. The activities of these protein kinases were enhanced at 24 h in the wild type and 48 h in the d1 mutant after probenazole treatment. Although the d1 mutant responded to the rice blast fungus similarly to the wild type, the d1 mutant developed rice blight symptoms earlier than the wild type when infected with Xoo. In addition, the blight symptoms were more severe on the mutant than on the wild type, and wilting was frequently observed in the d1 mutant. Furthermore, induction by the bacterial infection of the 48-kDa putative MAPK and PBZ1 was delayed by 2 and 4 d, respectively, in the d1 mutant compared with the wild type. These results indicate that the Gα protein plays a role in the induction of PBZ1 and protein kinases by probenazole and Xoo, and suggest that the 48-kDa putative MAPK may be involved in a signalling pathway for resistance to bacterial infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01202.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lining of Magnesium Alloys with Foils Using Shot Peening (2003)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 419-422 (Mar. 2003), p. 963-968 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/06/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.419-422.963.pdf
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synchronous Schlieren Image Analysis of Megasonic Single Wafer Cleaning (2001)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 76-77 (Jan. 2001), p. 55-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/26/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.76-77.55.pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exercise and Mechanical Loading Increase Periosteal Bone Formation and Whole Bone Strength in C57BL/6J Mice but Not in C3H/Hej Mice (2000)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 66 (2000), S. 298-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Exercise and mechanical stress — Genetics — Bone formation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. To identify the genes, and the mechanisms that account for the 53% higher peak bone density in C3H/HeJ (C3H) mice compared with C57BL/6J (B6) mice, we are performing quantitative trait locus and phenotypic analyses. The phenotypic studies revealed differences in bone formation and resorption, and showed that hindlimb immobilization (by sciatic neurectomy) caused a greater increase in endosteal resorption in the tibiae of B6 compared with C3H mice. The current studies were intended to examine the hypothesis that the bones of C3H mice are less sensitive to mechanical loading than the bones of B6 mice. To increase mechanical loading, 9-week-old female B6 and C3H mice (n = 10–13 mice/group) were subjected to a jumping exercise (20 jumps/day, 5 days/week, to heights of 20–30 cm) for a total of 4 weeks. Control mice did not jump. Osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and IGF-I were measured in serum. The left tibiae were used for histomorphometry (ground cross-sections prepared at the tibio-fibular junction) and the right tibiae and femora were used for determinations of bone breaking strength (3-point bending). The results of these studies revealed (1) significant effects of both mouse strain (B6 and C3H) and the jumping exercise on tibial strength; (2) an exercise-dependent increase in serum IGF-I in C3H, but not B6 mice; and (3) no effects on serum ALP or osteocalcin. The histomorphometric analyses showed no effect of exercise on C3H tibiae, but significant exercise-dependent increases in total bone area, periosteal perimeter, periosteal mineral apposition rate (MAR), and periosteal bone formation (P 〈 0.02 for each) in B6 tibiae. There were no effects of exercise on periosteal resorption or any endosteal measurement in either C3H or B6 mice. Since the jumping exercise was designed to cause a two–three fold increase in muscular-skeletal loading at the tibio-fibular junction, and the calculated stress (g/mm2) at this sampling site was only 16% greater for B6 compared with C3H mice, we had anticipated that both strains of mice would show exercise-dependent increases in periosteal bone formation, with a greater response in the B6 mice. The lack of a response in the C3H tibiae demonstrates that the bones of C3H mice are less sensitive to mechanical loading (and unloading) than the bones of B6 mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002230010060
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of renin-angiotensin system and extracellular matrix genes in cardiovascular cells and its regulation through AT1 receptor (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 212 (2000), S. 203-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: angiotensinogen ; fibronectin ; gene expression ; transcriptional regulation ; cardiomyocytes ; vascular smooth muscle cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Angiotensinogen (AGT) is a unique substrate of the renin-angiotensin system and fibronectin (FN) is an important component of the extracellular matrix. These play critical roles in the pathophysiological changes including cardiovascular remodeling and hypertrophy in response to hypertension. This study was performed to examine the regulation of AGT and FN gene in cardiac myocytes (CMs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in response to mechanical stretch. Mechanical stretch significantly increased the AGT mRNA expression in CMs, while these stimuli did not affect FN mRNA levels. On the other hand, Mechanical stretch upregulated FN mRNA levels in VSMCs, whereas no increase in AGT mRNA levels was observed in response to stretch stimuli. An angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist (CV11974) significantly decreased these stretch-mediated increases in mRNA level and promoter activity of the AGT and FN gene, whereas angiotensin II type 2 (AT2) receptor antagonist (PD123319) did not affect the induction. These results indicate that mechanical stretch activates transcription of the AGT and FN gene mainly via AT1 receptor-pathway in CMs and VSMCs. Furthermore, mechanisms regulating AGT and FN gene seem to be different between CMs and VSMCs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007141912654
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New technology for manufacturing high-strength cement-bonded particleboard using supercritical carbon dioxide (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of wood science 46 (2000), S. 85-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1611-4663
    Keywords: Wood cement composites ; Supercritical fluid ; Curing of cement ; Carbon dioxide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00779559
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term follow-up in patients with intra-Hisian atrioventricular block (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of artificial organs 3 (2000), S. 149-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-0904
    Keywords: Atrioventricular block ; Intra-Hisian block ; Pacemaker ; Electrophysiological study ; Follow-up
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Long-term follow-up was performed in patients with intra-Hisian atrioventricular (AV) block who were implanted with permanent pacemakers. Subjects were 14 consecutive patients (3 men and 11 women, 65.4±9.7 [SD] years old), who exhibited intra-Hisian block at the time of pacemaker generators were replaced due to battery depletion. Electrophysiological examinations were performed at both the initial implantation and pacemaker replacement. The mean duration from the initial implantation to the replacement was 9.4±4.3 years. All patients had severe symptoms such as syncope, dizziness, or dyspnea, and these symptoms were relieved by pacemaker implantation. Seven patients had complete AV block, and the other seven had advanced or paroxysmal AV block at the time of implantation. Seven patients, who had advanced AV block at the time of implantation, developed complete AV block. Five of the seven patients who had complete AV block at the time of implantation remained in complete AV block, one patient had advanced AV block, and one patient of complete AV block increased significantly from 50% to 93% during the two electrophysiological examinations (P〈0.05). A mean heart rate of 40.3±7.5 beats/min was observed during complete AV block. At the time of implantation, two patients were misdiagnosed as having AH block, and the other two patients were misdiagnosed as having HV block. In conclusion, intra-Hisian AV block gradually developed from advanced or paroxysmal AV block into complete AV block. Because the diagnosis of intra-Hisian block is sometimes difficult, we should always consider the possibility of intra-Hisian block in patients with severely symptomatic AV block.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02479982
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of essential hypertension in elderly Japanese with I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of human genetics 45 (2000), S. 294-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Key words Angiotensin-converting enzyme ; Essential hypertension ; Insertion/deletion ; Polymorphism ; Blood pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recent evidence suggests that an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the gene encoding angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is associated with myocardial infarction and related cardiovascular diseases. We investigated a possible association of the ACE polymorphism with essential hypertension in a total of 263 cases/controls from among the elderly (age, over 70 years) and middle-aged (age between 30 and 60 years) Japanese population. The frequency of the I/I homozygote was significantly higher in hypertensive subjects than in controls in the elderly age group (33/57 vs 16/46; P = 0.02), but no association was observed in the middle-aged group (25/75 vs 26/85; P = 0.71). Similarly, having at least one insertion allele was associated with essential hypertension in the elderly age group (83/114 vs 46/92 in controls; P = 0.001), but not in the middle-aged group (78/150 vs 94/170; P = 0.524). These data suggest that genetic variation at the ACE locus may be associated with some determinants for blood pressure in elderly persons, and imply the involvement of the ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism in the etiology of age-related essential hypertension in the Japanese population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100380070019
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel polymorphisms of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) gene associated with PSA mRNA expression in breast cancer (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of human genetics 45 (2000), S. 363-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Key words Prostate-specific antigen gene ; Polymorphism ; Promoter ; Breast cancer ; Japanese ; Genotyping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A growing body of evidence suggests that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a novel prognostic factor for breast cancer. The molecular mechanism of variant PSA expression in breast cancer has remained poorly understood in spite of intensive research. Previous studies have shown that the coding region of the PSA gene is not a target for mutations in prostate cancer and breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to analyze genetic variations in the promoter region of the PSA gene, and to detect whether such variations are correlated with PSA mRNA expression in breast tumors. We identified two polymorphisms in the proximal promoter region of the PSA gene. These polymorphisms are located at positions −252 (G or A) and −205 (A or AA), and generate three genotypes. The genotypes were associated with PSA mRNA expression. Our findings suggest that these polymorphisms identified in the proximal promoter region may affect the transcriptional activity of PSA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100380070009
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