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  • 1
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    Virus-assisted mapping of neural inputs to a feeding center in the hypothalamus (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-04-03
    Description: We report the development of a pseudorabies virus that can be used for retrograde tracing from selected neurons. This virus encodes a green fluorescent protein marker and replicates only in neurons that express the Cre recombinase and in neurons in synaptic contact with the originally infected cells. The virus was injected into the arcuate nucleus of mice that express Cre only in those neurons that express neuropeptide Y or the leptin receptor. Sectioning of the brains revealed that these neurons receive inputs from neurons in other regions of the hypothalamus, as well as the amygdala, cortex, and other brain regions. These data suggest that higher cortical centers modulate leptin signaling in the hypothalamus. This method of neural tracing may prove useful in studies of other complex neural circuits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeFalco, J -- Tomishima, M -- Liu, H -- Zhao, C -- Cai, X -- Marth, J D -- Enquist, L -- Friedman, J M -- DK48247/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01133506/PHS HHS/ -- R01DK41096/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Mar 30;291(5513):2608-13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11283374" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afferent Pathways ; Animals ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/cytology/*physiology/virology ; Brain/cytology/*physiology/virology ; Brain Mapping ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial ; *Eating ; Gene Expression ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Herpesvirus 1, Suid/*genetics/physiology ; Hypothalamus/cytology/*physiology/virology ; Integrases/genetics/metabolism ; Luminescent Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neurons/*metabolism/virology ; Neuropeptide Y/genetics/metabolism ; *Receptors, Cell Surface ; Receptors, Leptin ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Recombination, Genetic ; *Viral Proteins ; Virus Replication ; tau Proteins/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    A four-base paired genetic helix with expanded size (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-11-01
    Description: We describe a new molecular class of genetic-pairing system that has a native DNA backbone but has all four base pairs replaced by new, larger pairs. The base pairs include size-expanded analogs of thymine and of adenine, both extended by the width of a benzene ring (2.4 A). The expanded-diameter double helices are more thermodynamically stable than the Watson-Crick helix, likely because of enhanced base stacking. Structural data confirm a right-handed, double-stranded, and base-paired helical form. Because of the larger base size, all the pairs of this helical system are fluorescent, which suggests practical applications in detection of natural DNA and RNA. Our findings establish that there is no apparent structural or thermodynamic prohibition against genetic systems having sizes different from the natural one.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, Haibo -- Gao, Jianmin -- Lynch, Stephen R -- Saito, Y David -- Maynard, Lystranne -- Kool, Eric T -- GM52956/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM63587/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Oct 31;302(5646):868-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5080, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14593180" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine/*analogs & derivatives/chemistry ; *Base Pairing ; Base Sequence ; Benzene/chemistry ; Circular Dichroism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Models, Molecular ; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular ; *Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/*chemistry ; Temperature ; Thermodynamics ; Thymine/*analogs & derivatives/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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