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  • Astrophysics  (4)
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • Male
  • Organic Chemistry
  • ddc:330
  • 2000-2004  (7)
  • 1
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    Regional mu opioid receptor regulation of sensory and affective dimensions of pain (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-07-14
    Description: The endogenous opioid system is involved in stress responses, in the regulation of the experience of pain, and in the action of analgesic opiate drugs. We examined the function of the opioid system and mu-opioid receptors in the brains of healthy human subjects undergoing sustained pain. Sustained pain induced the regional release of endogenous opioids interacting with mu-opioid receptors in a number of cortical and subcortical brain regions. The activation of the mu-opioid receptor system was associated with reductions in the sensory and affective ratings of the pain experience, with distinct neuroanatomical involvements. These data demonstrate the central role of the mu-opioid receptors and their endogenous ligands in the regulation of sensory and affective components of the pain experience.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zubieta, J K -- Smith, Y R -- Bueller, J A -- Xu, Y -- Kilbourn, M R -- Jewett, D M -- Meyer, C R -- Koeppe, R A -- Stohler, C S -- R01 DE 12059/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- R01 DE 12743/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jul 13;293(5528):311-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Institute, Medical School, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104-1687, USA. zubieta@umich.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11452128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amygdala/physiology ; Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Fentanyl/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Masseter Muscle ; Opioid Peptides/physiology ; *Pain ; Pain Measurement ; Receptors, Opioid, mu/*physiology ; Thalamus/physiology ; Tomography, Emission-Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Antiphase oscillation of the left and right suprachiasmatic nuclei (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-10-29
    Description: An unusual property of the circadian timekeeping systems of animals is rhythm "splitting," in which a single daily period of physical activity (usually measured as wheel running) dissociates into two stably coupled components about 12 hours apart; this behavior has been ascribed to a clock composed of two circadian oscillators cycling in antiphase. We analyzed gene expression in the hypothalamic circadian clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), of behaviorally "split" hamsters housed in constant light. The results show that the two oscillators underlying the split condition correspond to the left and right sides of the bilaterally paired SCN.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de la Iglesia, H O -- Meyer, J -- Carpino, A Jr -- Schwartz, W J -- R01 NS24542/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 27;290(5492):799-801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. hacho@bio.umass.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11052942" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ARNTL Transcription Factors ; Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/genetics/metabolism ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; Biological Clocks/*physiology ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Circadian Rhythm/*physiology ; Cricetinae ; *Gene Expression ; Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs ; In Situ Hybridization ; Light ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Motor Activity ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Period Circadian Proteins ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/metabolism/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Recruitment and spreading of the C. elegans dosage compensation complex along X chromosomes (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-02-21
    Description: To achieve X-chromosome dosage compensation, organisms must distinguish X chromosomes from autosomes. We identified multiple, cis-acting regions that recruit the Caenorhabditis elegans dosage compensation complex (DCC) through a search for regions of X that bind the complex when detached from X. The DCC normally assembles along the entire X chromosome, but not all detached regions recruit the complex, despite having genes known to be dosage compensated on the native X. Thus, the DCC binds first to recruitment sites, then spreads to neighboring X regions to accomplish chromosome-wide gene repression. From a large chromosomal domain, we defined a 793-base pair fragment that functions in vivo as an X-recognition element to recruit the DCC.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Csankovszki, Gyorgyi -- McDonel, Patrick -- Meyer, Barbara J -- F32-GM065007/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37-GM30702/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Feb 20;303(5661):1182-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3204, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14976312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*genetics/metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/*metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Chromosomes/metabolism ; Cosmids ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Disorders of Sex Development ; *Dosage Compensation, Genetic ; Female ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; X Chromosome/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) First Year Observations: TE Polarization (2001)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-06
    Description: The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) has mapped the full sky in Stokes I, Q, and U parameters at frequencies 23, 33, 41, 61, and 94 GHz. We detect correlations between the temperature and polarization maps significant at more than 10 standard deviations. The correlations are inconsistent with instrument noise and are significantly larger than the upper limits established for potential systematic errors. The correlations are present in all WAMP frequency bands with similar amplitude from 23 to 94 GHz, and are consistent with a superposition of a CMB signal with a weak foreground. The fitted CMB component is robust against different data combinations and fitting techniques. On small angular scales (theta less than 5 deg), the WMAP data show the temperature-polarization correlation expected from adiabatic perturbations in the temperature power spectrum. The data for l greater than 20 agree well with the signal predicted solely from the temperature power spectra, with no additional free parameters. We detect excess power on large angular scales (theta greater than 10 deg) compared to predictions based on the temperature power spectra alone. The excess power is well described by reionization at redshift 11 is less than z(sub r) is less than 30 at 95% confidence, depending on the ionization history. A model-independent fit to reionization optical depth yields results consistent with the best-fit ACDM model, with best fit value t = 0.17 +/- 0.04 at 68% confidence, including systematic and foreground uncertainties. This value is larger than expected given the detection of a Gunn-Peterson trough in the absorption spectra of distant quasars, and implies that the universe has a complex ionization history: WMAP has detected the signal from an early epoch of reionization.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
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  • 5
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    The Explorer of Diffuse Galactic Emission (EDGE): Determining the Large-Scale Structure Evolution in the Universe (2003)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: Measurements of the large-scale anisotropy of the Cosmic Infared Background (CIB) can be used to determine the characteristics of the distribution of galaxies at the largest spatial scales. With this information important tests of galaxy evolution models and primordial structure growth are possible. In this paper, we describe the scientific goals, instrumentation, and operation of EDGE, a mission using an Antarctic Long Duration Balloon (LDB) platform. EDGE will osbserve the anisotropy in the CIB in 8 spectral bands from 270 GHz-1.5 THz with 6 arcminute angular resolution over a region -400 square degrees. EDGE uses a one-meter class off-axis telescope and an array of Frequency Selective Bololeters (FSB) to provide the compact and efficient multi-colar, high sensitivity radiometer required to achieve its scientific objectives.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: IAU XXV; Jul 01, 2003; Sydney; Australia
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  • 6
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    History of the Nuclei Important for Cosmochemistry (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An essential aspect of studying the nuclei important for cosmochemistry is their production in stars. Over the grant period, we have further developed the Clemson/American University of Beirut stellar evolution code. Through use of a biconjugate-gradient matrix solver, we now routinely solve l0(exp 6) x l0(exp 6) sparse matrices on our desktop computers. This has allowed us to couple nucleosynthesis and convection fully in the 1-D star, which, in turn, provides better estimates of nuclear yields when the mixing and nuclear burning timescales are comparable. We also have incorporated radiation transport into our 1-D supernova explosion code. We used the stellar evolution and explosion codes to compute iron abundances in a 25 Solar mass star and compared the results to data from RIMS.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
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  • 7
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    Extraterrestrial Amino Acids in Orgueil and Ivuna: Tracing the Parent Body of CI Type Carbonaceous Chondrites (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Amino acid analyses using HPLC of pristine interior pieces of the CI carbonaceous chondrites Orgueil and Ivuna have found that beta-alanine, glycine, and gamma-amino-n-butyric acid (ABA) are the most abundant amino acids in these two meteorites, with concentrations ranging from approx. 600 to 2,000 parts per billion (ppb). Other alpha-amino acids such as alanine, alpha-ABA, alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB), and isovaline are present only in trace amounts (less than 200 ppb). Carbon isotopic measurements of beta-alanine and glycine and the presence of racemic (D/L 1) alanine and beta-ABA in Orgueil suggest that these amino acids are extraterrestrial in origin. In comparison to the CM carbonaceous chondrites Murchison and Murray, the amino acid composition of the CIs is strikingly distinct, suggesting that these meteorites came from a different type of parent body, possibly an extinct comet, than did the CM carbonaceous chondrites.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: PNAS; 98; 5; 2138-2141
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