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  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (30)
  • National Academy of Sciences  (30)
  • 2000-2004  (60)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of mass-selected ion species on structure and properties of diamond-like carbon films (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 1959-1964 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were prepared with mass-selected C+, CH2+, CH3+, and CH4+ ions, and the dependence of film microstructures and properties on ion species was investigated with micro-Raman spectroscopy, optical band gap measurement and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results indicate that highly sp3 bonded DLC films are achieved using carbon and hydrocarbon ions with ion energy of 100 eV. AFM results exhibit that the surface roughness for these films is very low, which is associated with the formation of a dense diamond-like phase as suggested by the subplantation model. The thermal stability of the films were investigated in the temperature region of 200–800 °C. Raman measurements show that the D peak evolves at much lower temperatures for the film prepared with CH4+ than that for the film prepared with C+ ions during annealing. The results indicate that hydrogen-free carbon films have a much better thermal stability than hydrogenated carbon films. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1333739
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the substitution of Cu or Nb for Fe on the structure and magnetic properties of Nd8Fe84Ti8 alloys prepared by mechanical alloying (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5287-5289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of a partial substitution of Cu or Nb for Fe on the structure and magnetic properties of mechanically alloyed Nd8Fe84Ti8 alloys were studied. Compared with Nd8Fe84Ti8 alloys prepared under the same conditions, the temperature necessary for the formation of the Nd(Fe, Ti)12 phase decreases from 900 to 750 °C with the addition of 3 at. % Cu. The addition of Cu hinders the nitrogenation of the Nd(Fe, Ti)12 phase. The pretreatment of hydrogenation on the Cu-added alloys at 300 °C facilitates the formation of nitrides. With increasing annealing temperature, the intrinsic coercivity of the nitrides increases until it attains a maximum at 850 °C. The addition of Nb is harmful to the formation of the perfect Nd(Fe, Ti)12 phase. For the 3 at. % Nb-containing alloys, annealing at 960 °C makes a metastable phase Nd(Fe, Ti)7 be formed. The addition of Nb is unfavorable for the intrinsic coercivity and the maximum magnetic energy product of the nitrides. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373323
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallographic transformations of rapidly quenched Nd10Fe90−xTix (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 4226-4231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structural transformations from amorphous, metastable-to-equilibrium phases during annealing treatment of rapidly quenched Nd10Fe90−xTix (x=0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) alloys have been studied systematically. By means of ac initial susceptibility and x-ray diffraction, a CaCu5-type metastable phase was observed for 0≤x≤10 as the crystallization of the amorphous alloys occurs below 700 °C. The CaCu5-type structure transforms into a TbCu7-type one with increasing the annealing temperature (above 700 °C). These melt-spun alloys have different structures including Th2Zn17 type for 0≤x≤4 and TbCu7 and ThMn12 types for 6≤x≤10, when annealed at high temperature (above 1000 °C). Nitrogenation was carried out at 400 °C for 10 h. Both Nd(Fe,Ti)5 and its nitride are soft-magnetic phases, like Nd(Fe,Ti)7 and Nd2(Fe,Ti)17. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1290736
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Ga substitution for Fe on the structure and magnetic properties of Nd8.4Fe87.1−xGaxB4.5 (x=0–2.2) alloys prepared by mechanical alloying (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5335-5337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of a partial substitution of Ga for Fe on the structure and magnetic properties of mechanically alloyed Nd8.4Fe87.1B4.5 were studied. With increasing Ga content, the magnetic properties of the nanocomposite magnets first improve, reach maxima at 1.1 at. % Ga, and then degrade. The addition of Ga helps to control the morphology, especially the grain sizes of both α-Fe and Nd2Fe14B. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373339
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and optical characterization of Ga2O3 nanobelts and nanosheets (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1062-1064 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Monoclinic Ga2O3 nanobelts and nanosheets are obtained by a simple chemical route involved with H2O at 950 °C in Ar atmosphere. Electron microscopy observations reveal that the as-synthesized Ga2O3 nanobelts and nanosheets are structurally uniform, single crystalline, and most of them are free of defects and dislocations. The nanobelts are growing along with [001] facets, and the nanosheets are stacked up by (011) facets. The Raman scattering spectrum of Ga2O3 nanostructures shows a 30 cm−1 redshift at high wave numbers in comparison with that of bulk Ga2O3 powder. The photoluminescence spectrum reveals that there exists a stable blue emission band centered at 460 nm, which is mainly attributed to the oxygen vacancies in the Ga2O3 nanostructures. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1483915
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure of columnar crystallites in Ni80Fe20/Cu magnetic multilayers (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 2835-2839 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have used electron microscopy to investigate the microstructure of Ni80Fe20/Cu magnetic multilayers which were synthesized by dc magnetron sputtering. Columnar structure was found in the specimen with and without giant magnetoresistance (GMR). All the columnar crystallites (CCs) originate from the Fe buffer layer on silicon wafer or glass substrate and penetrate though all the multilayers up to the surface of the film. The lateral size of the CCs ranges from 10 to 30 nm. Cross-sectional high-resolution electron microscopy study shows that the CCs are single-crystal-like with fcc structure resulting from the epitaxial growth of NiFe and Cu sublayers. Electron diffraction contrast imaging and electron energy filtered elemental mapping confirmed that multilayer nature is maintained throughout the entire NiFe/Cu film. Grain boundaries between CCs can be the most likely place where NiFe or Cu bridging will occur. Columnar structure was also found in a Ta/NiFe/Cu/NiFe/FeMn/Ta spin valve film. The possible influence of the columnar crystalline structure on the GMR related problems is discussed. The microstructure results revealed in this article provide useful information for the GMR property investigation of NiFe/Cu based metallic multilayers. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372265
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erbium/ytterbium fluorescence based fiber optic temperature sensor system (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 4017-4022 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Erbium/ytterbium co-doped fibers have been investigated in this work for the first time to determine their potential in thermometry applications based on the use of fluorescence decay. Several samples have been used and their performance characteristics determined. These have included studies of fiber annealing as well as thermal cycling tests and it was found that unlike other rare-earth ion doped fibers previously studied, such as Nd3+, Er3+, or Tm3+ doped fibers, the Er/Yb co-doped samples used here have shown a much smaller degree of thermal annealing when their thermal characteristics have been evaluated and compared. The response of the thermometer and the error in the measurement was found to be, at 〈±5 °C, within the stability of the oven used in the tests over a wide temperature range from 0 to 850 °C. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1289682
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thulium-doped fiber optic decay-time temperature sensors: Characterization of high temperature performance (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 1614-1620 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The main objectives of this study were to investigate the thermometric potential of Tm-doped optical fiber and yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) crystals for applications up to temperatures as high as 1300 °C, and to realize a prototype high temperature fluorescence fiber probe based on earlier Nd-doped fiber work for temperature measurement up to 750 °C. The research showed that the fluorescence characteristics of the Tm-doped YAG crystal were very stable at high temperatures and capable of providing a temperature measurement reproducibility better than ±6 °C over the region from room temperature up to 1350 °C. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150506
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amorphization and annealing of LiTaO3 single crystal irradiated with Ar+ ions at 77 K (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 3562-3568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The defect structure of radiation damage due to irradiation of Ar+ ions and the regrowth of LiTaO3 single crystal has been studied using Rutherford backscattering-channeling, cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, optical transmittance, and surface profilometer. The irradiation were carried out at 77 K with 217 keV Ar+ ions to various doses between 3×1013 and 6×1015 Ar+/cm2. Postannealing was performed in dry O2 ambient at temperatures from 648 to 823 K, which are below Curie temperature (878 K). The optical measurement showed that the as-irradiated samples are as transparent as the unirradiated sample, indicating that the radiation-induced point defects are highly mobile even at 77 K. However, the long-range migration of oxygen interstitials were suppressed at 77 K. Volumetric expansion occurred when irradiation doses exceeded 1.25×1014 Ar+/cm2. Collective lattice distortion was observed in the sample that had received a dose of 1.5×1014 Ar+/cm2. This study shows that both disorder overlapping and the disorder-induced strain energy play important roles in the amorphization process. The regrowth of the amorphized layers depends on the microstructure of the damage. The activation energy for the regrowth of the amorphized layer that received more irradiation (6×1015 Ar+/cm2) is 0.74 eV, lower than the activation energy of the amorphized layer (1.20 eV) that received less irradiation (6×1014 Ar+/cm2). © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1450023
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature dependence of exchange field in exchange-spring magnets (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 8351-8353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Pr8Fe88B4 ribbons prepared by melt spinning have been investigated by x-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, thermomagnetic analysis, atom force microscopy, and superconducting quantum interface device magnetometer. The results show that the annealed ribbons consist of the Pr2Fe14B and α-Fe phases. The magnetization of soft α-Fe phase remains parallel to the magnetization of the hard Pr2Fe14B phase for fields less than the exchange field (Hex). The exchange field in exchange-spring magnets, determined from the demagnetization curves measured at various temperatures, increases with decreasing grain size and measure temperature. The temperature dependence of exchange field was analyzed qualitatively by the expression Hex=(AK)1/2/(Mst). © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1368159
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