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  • 1
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    A genomic regulatory network for development (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-03-02
    Description: Development of the body plan is controlled by large networks of regulatory genes. A gene regulatory network that controls the specification of endoderm and mesoderm in the sea urchin embryo is summarized here. The network was derived from large-scale perturbation analyses, in combination with computational methodologies, genomic data, cis-regulatory analysis, and molecular embryology. The network contains over 40 genes at present, and each node can be directly verified at the DNA sequence level by cis-regulatory analysis. Its architecture reveals specific and general aspects of development, such as how given cells generate their ordained fates in the embryo and why the process moves inexorably forward in developmental time.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davidson, Eric H -- Rast, Jonathan P -- Oliveri, Paola -- Ransick, Andrew -- Calestani, Cristina -- Yuh, Chiou-Hwa -- Minokawa, Takuya -- Amore, Gabriele -- Hinman, Veronica -- Arenas-Mena, Cesar -- Otim, Ochan -- Brown, C Titus -- Livi, Carolina B -- Lee, Pei Yun -- Revilla, Roger -- Rust, Alistair G -- Pan, Zheng jun -- Schilstra, Maria J -- Clarke, Peter J C -- Arnone, Maria I -- Rowen, Lee -- Cameron, R Andrew -- McClay, David R -- Hood, Leroy -- Bolouri, Hamid -- GM-61005/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD-37105/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR-06591/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR-15044/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Mar 1;295(5560):1669-78.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. davidson@caltech.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11872831" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Lineage ; Computational Biology ; Embryonic Development ; Endoderm/cytology/*physiology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Genes, Regulator ; *Genome ; Mesoderm/cytology/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Models, Genetic ; Morphogenesis ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sea Urchins/*embryology/*genetics ; Stem Cells/physiology ; Systems Theory
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Signaling pathways for PC12 cell differentiation: making the right connections (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-01
    Description: A key issue in signal transduction is how signaling pathways common to many systems-so-called canonical signaling cassettes-integrate signals from molecules having a wide spectrum of activities, such as hormones and neurotrophins, to deliver distinct biological outcomes. The neuroendocrine cell line PC12, derived from rat pheochromocytoma, provides an example of how one canonical signaling cassette-the Raf --〉 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) --〉 extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway-can promote distinct outcomes, which in this case include neuritogenesis, gene induction, and proliferation. Two growth hormones, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), use the same pathway to cause PC12 proliferation and differentiation, respectively. In addition, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a neurotransmitter that also causes differentiation, uses the same canonical cassette as NGF but in a different way. The Connections Map for PC12 Cell Differentiation brings into focus the complex array of specific cellular responses that rely on canonical signal transduction systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vaudry, D -- Stork, P J S -- Lazarovici, P -- Eiden, L E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 31;296(5573):1648-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section on Molecular Neuroscience, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Regulation, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12040181" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism/pharmacology ; *MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Nerve Growth Factor/metabolism/pharmacology ; Neurites/physiology ; Neuropeptides/metabolism/pharmacology ; PC12 Cells/*physiology ; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide ; Rats ; Receptor, trkA/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Response Elements ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Assessing biodiversity and ecological stability (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Taylor, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 6;290(5489):51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11183147" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ecosystem ; Models, Biological ; Monte Carlo Method
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Microbiology and evolution. Modulating mutation rates in the wild (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-05-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenberg, Susan M -- Hastings, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 May 30;300(5624):1382-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. smr@bcm.tmc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12775830" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Air Microbiology ; Animals ; *Bacterial Proteins ; *Biological Evolution ; Computer Simulation ; DNA Repair ; *DNA-Binding Proteins ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Digestive System/microbiology ; Escherichia coli/*genetics/growth & development/*physiology ; Escherichia coli Proteins/metabolism ; Exodeoxyribonuclease V ; Exodeoxyribonucleases/metabolism ; Geologic Sediments/microbiology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein ; *Mutagenesis ; Oxidative Stress ; Rec A Recombinases/metabolism ; SOS Response (Genetics) ; Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Large shifts in pathogen virulence relate to host population structure (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-02-07
    Description: Theory on the evolution of virulence generally predicts selection for an optimal level of virulence determined by trade-offs with transmission and/or recovery. Here we consider the evolution of pathogen virulence in hosts who acquire long-lived immunity and live in a spatially structured population. We show theoretically that large shifts in virulence may occur in pathogen populations as a result of a bistability in evolutionary dynamics caused by the local contact or social population structure of the host. This model provides an explanation for the rapid emergence of the highly virulent strains of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boots, M -- Hudson, P J -- Sasaki, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Feb 6;303(5659):842-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK. m.boots@sheffield.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14764881" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Caliciviridae Infections/epidemiology/*veterinary/virology ; *Communicable Diseases/epidemiology/immunology/transmission ; Disease Susceptibility ; Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, Rabbit/genetics/*pathogenicity ; Humans ; Immunity, Active ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Mutation ; Recombination, Genetic ; *Virulence/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    The limb bud Shh-Fgf feedback loop is terminated by expansion of former ZPA cells (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-07-17
    Description: Vertebrate limb outgrowth is driven by a positive feedback loop involving Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), Gremlin, and Fgf4. By overexpressing individual components of the loop at a time after these genes are normally down-regulated in chicken embryos, we found that Shh no longer maintains Gremlin in the posterior limb. Shh-expressing cells and their descendants cannot express Gremlin. The proliferation of these descendants forms a barrier separating the Shh signal from Gremlin-expressing cells, which breaks down the Shh-Fgf4 loop and thereby affects limb size and provides a mechanism explaining regulative properties of the limb bud.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scherz, Paul J -- Harfe, Brian D -- McMahon, Andrew P -- Tabin, Clifford J -- 5T32GM0719T6/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD32443/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS33642/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jul 16;305(5682):396-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15256670" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Chick Embryo ; Down-Regulation ; Feedback, Physiological ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 4 ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Limb Buds/cytology/*embryology/metabolism ; Mesoderm/*cytology/metabolism ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Trans-Activators/*metabolism ; Up-Regulation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Bacterial invasion: the paradigms of enteroinvasive pathogens (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-04-10
    Description: Invasive bacteria actively induce their own uptake by phagocytosis in normally nonphagocytic cells and then either establish a protected niche within which they survive and replicate, or disseminate from cell to cell by means of an actin-based motility process. The mechanisms underlying bacterial entry, phagosome maturation, and dissemination reveal common strategies as well as unique tactics evolved by individual species to establish infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cossart, Pascale -- Sansonetti, Philippe J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Apr 9;304(5668):242-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Unite des Interactions Bacteries-Cellules, INSERM Unite 604, Departement de Biologie Cellulaire et Infection, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75015, France. pcossart@pasteur.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15073367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/physiology ; Animals ; Bacteria/growth & development/*pathogenicity ; Bacterial Adhesion ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Cytosol/microbiology ; Enterobacteriaceae/*pathogenicity/physiology ; Epithelial Cells/*microbiology/physiology ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/*microbiology/physiology ; Listeria monocytogenes/*pathogenicity/physiology ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Movement ; Phagocytosis ; Phagosomes/microbiology/physiology ; Vacuoles/microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Ecology. Vole stranglers and lemming cycles (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-11-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hudson, Peter J -- Bjornstad, Ottar N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Oct 31;302(5646):797-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. pjh18@psu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14593159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arvicolinae/growth & development/*physiology ; Birds/*physiology ; Canada ; Carnivora/*physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Foxes/physiology ; Greenland ; Models, Biological ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; *Predatory Behavior ; Strigiformes/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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