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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations of modulated shock waves in solid targets driven by spatially modulated laser beams (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1212-1215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The growth of surface perturbations due to nonuniformities in the drive laser is an important subject in laser–matter interactions. We present results of experiments using drive lasers with known, single-mode modulations to produce nonuniform shocks that propagate into planar plastic (CH) targets. An optical probe beam is used to measure the arrival of these modulated shocks at various surfaces in the target. Experiments at moderate laser intensities ((approximately-less-than)1013 W/cm2) exhibit behavior predicted by hydrocodes and simple scaling laws. This technique will be used to observe various dynamic effects in laser-produced plasmas and shock-wave propagation. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1486053
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic tunnel junctions with AlN and AlNxOy barriers (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 6871-6873 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nonoxide tunnel barriers such as AlN are of interest for magnetic tunnel junctions to avoid the oxidation of the magnetic electrodes. We have investigated the fabrication and properties of thin AlN-based barriers for use in low resistance magnetic tunnel junctions. Electronic, magnetic and structural data of tunnel valves of the form Ta (100 Å)/PtMn (300 Å)/CoFe20 (20 Å–25 Å)/barrier/CoFe20 (10–20 Å)/NiFe16 (35–40 Å)/Ta (100 Å) are presented, where the barrier consists of AlN, AlNxOy or AlN/AlOx with total thicknesses between 8 and 15 Å. The tunnel junctions were sputter deposited and then lithographically patterned down to 2×2 μm2 devices. AlN was deposited by reactive sputtering from an Al target with 20%–35% N2 in the Ar sputter gas at room temperature, resulting in stoichiometric growth of AlNx (x=0.50±0.05), as determined by RBS. TEM analysis shows that the as-deposited AlN barrier is crystalline. For AlN barriers and AlN followed by natural O2 oxidation, we obtain tunnel magnetoresistance 〉10% with specific junction resistance Rj down to 60 Ωμm2. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1361046
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population inversion in an optically pumped single quantum well (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 3166-3169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An optically pumped intersubband laser generator is proposed in which the continuum states above an Al0.2Ga0.8As–GaAs–Al0.2Ga0.8As single quantum well with a width of L=17 nm serve as the highest level in a four-level laser system. The design allows much greater flexibility in the choice of pumping source and simplifies considerably the device fabrication. We have obtained the electronic subband structure of the proposed device and utilized a simple rate equation approach to examine the electron density in different states under optical pumping. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1287604
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of field emission display phosphors (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 483-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Degradation of ZnS and Y2O2S cathodoluminescent (CL) phosphors has been studied at 1–4 keV using Auger electron spectroscopy simultaneous with CL. The data are consistent with an electron stimulated surface chemical reaction (ESSCR) which led to destruction of ZnS and formation of a surface nonluminescent ZnO layer as well as injection of oxygen point defects into the near-surface region. In the case of Y2O2S:Eu, the electron beam stimulated removal of S and formation of Y2O3:Eu in the presence of 1×10−6 Torr of oxygen. A model is presented which predicts that degradation by the ESSCR should increase with pressure in the vacuum, depend exponentially on electron dose, increase as the primary beam energy was reduced below 4 keV, and depend upon the type of gas present in the vacuum. These trends were demonstrated from the experimental data. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373683
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vectorial second-harmonic magneto-optic Kerr effect measurements (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5980-5982 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A significant modification of an existing experimental technique based on the second-harmonic magneto-optical Kerr effect (SH-MOKE) is introduced. With a p-polarized pumping optical wave incident upon a magnetic film, the transverse component of magnetization causes a change in the second-harmonic generation efficiency of the material and the longitudinal component of the magnetization produces a change in the polarization rotation and/or ellipticity of the second-harmonic signal. This permits simultaneous vectorial measurement of the in-plane magnetization components. Examples of measured hysteresis loops from 50 nm thick permalloy films and procedures for SH-MOKE signal calibration are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372586
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrahigh frequency permeability of sputtered Fe–Co–B thin films (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 830-833 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Amorphous FeCoB alloys can have high resistivity and relatively high saturation magnetization which are desired for ultrahigh frequency devices such as future write heads and wireless inductors. In this study, FeCoB films are observed to have a low easy axis coercivity (1–2 Oe), a field deposited induced anisotropy of ∼35 Oe and 4πMs∼17 500 G when sputtered in a typical configuration. However, samples sputtered in an off axis arrangement are found to have an additional uniaxial anisotropy as a result of the oblique incidence of the atomic flux onto the substrate. This extra anisotropy increases with increasing oblique angle. For these same samples, there is little change in the easy axis coercivity, saturation magnetization, and the Hoffmann structure factor (S∼0.05 ergs/cm2). The obtained large anisotropy fields (〉35 Oe) are found to push the ferromagnetic resonance frequency to at least above 1 GHz at the expense of the initial permeability. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.371949
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A theoretical study of the effects of insulators on electron transport through electrostatic tube lenses (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 2923-2925 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Using the computer program SIMION 6, we have studied the effects of spurious insulator charging on the trajectories of electrons through electrostatic tube lenses. We considered lens elements with flat ends, spaced a distance g apart, whose inner diameter D=10g. For the standard cases of drift tubes, two-element lenses, and einzel lenses, we found that charging effects are eliminated if t/g〉3.5, where t is the distance between the lens inner diameter and the charged spacing insulator. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1376654
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The design and performance of an effusive gas source of conical geometry for photoionization studies (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 2550-2557 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The design, construction, and performance of an effusive gas source of conical geometry is reported. This gas jet enables experiments that require the gas and photon beams to be essentially collinear and has a focusing multicapillary array with the central portion left free for the photon beam. In total, the source comprises 90 "tubes" in three layers and has been designed by modeling free molecular gas flow and optimizing for highest gas density ∼2–3 mm from the jet's exit plane. The nature of the gas flow through the source and its focusing properties are investigated theoretically and experimentally. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1373667
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A sensitive neutron spectrometer for the National Ignition Facility : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 846-849 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We are developing a sensitive neutron spectrometer for the National Ignition Facility laser at Livermore. The spectrometer will consist of a 1020 channel single-neutron-interaction time-of-flight detector array fielded 23 m from the neutron-producing target. It will use an existing detector array together with upgraded electronics for improved time resolution. Measurements of neutron yield, ion and electron temperatures, and density-radius product are all possible under certain conditions using one-, two-, or three-step reaction processes. The locations of the most important potential sources of scattered neutron backgrounds are determined as the first step in designing collimation to reduce these backgrounds. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1323242
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fourier-space image processing for spherical experiments on OMEGA (invited) : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 635-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Studies of compressed shell integrity of spherical targets on the 60-beam 30 kJ UV OMEGA laser system involve spatially and temporally resolved measurements of core emission at different x-ray energies. Hot-core emission backlights a titanium-doped shell that is imaged at x-ray energies above and below the titanium K edge. The difference between the two images is related to perturbations in the cold, or absorbing, part of the shell. The core emission has been imaged by a pinhole array on a framing camera and recorded on film. The resolution and noise of all parts of the imaging system have been characterized. Using this information, a Wiener filter that reduces noise, compensates for detector resolution, and facilitates measurement of shell nonuniformities has been formulated. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1315642
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