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  • Animals  (2)
  • free fatty acids  (2)
  • wavelength conversion
  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of Wavelength Tunable Femtosecond Soliton Pulse Generation Using Femtosecond Pump Laser and Polarization Maintaining Fiber (2000)
    Springer
    Optical review 7 (2000), S. 309-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1349-9432
    Keywords: soliton pulse ; optical fiber ; Raman scattering ; nonlinear effect ; wavelength conversion ; ultrashort pulse ; chromatic dispersion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated both experimentally and numerically the characteristics of wavelength tunable femtosecond soliton pulse generation using a pulse width variable fiber laser and two different types of polarization maintaining fibers. The generated soliton shows the feature of the pulsewidth becoming almost constant at - 250 fs under any conditions of the pump pulse for 220m fiber. High conversion efficiency from pump pulse to a generated soliton pulse accounting for as much as 73% can be obtained. This efficiency decreases with increase in the input power or wavelength shift. A superior conversion efficiency and broad wavelength shift can be obtained by using a more shortened pump pulse. In the numerical calculations, it is predicted that under a condition of constant power of pump pulse, the maximum wavelength shift is achieved when the soliton number N is -1.4. The difference of mode field diameter and the group velocity dispersion (GVD) coefficient β2 affect the wavelength shift and conversion efficiency. Using the fiber with small mode field diameter and small absolute value of GVD coefficient β2, a high conversion efficiency and large wavelength shift can be obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10043-000-0309-1
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of Timing Jitter in Wavelength Tunable Femtosecond Soliton Pulses (2000)
    Springer
    Optical review 7 (2000), S. 317-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1349-9432
    Keywords: ultrashort pulse ; wavelength conversion ; timing jitter ; intensity noise ; Raman scattering ; radio-frequency spectrum analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the root mean square (RMS) timing jitter and RMS intensity noise of the wavelength tunable femtosecond soliton pulses using the technique of radio-frequency spectrum analysis. We obtained interesting results that the generated solitons have almost constant RMS timing jitter and RMS intensity noise of approximately 410 fs and 0.03% in the wavelength region of 1600-1750 nm. It is therefore believed that the magnitudes of the jitter and noise are not greatly increased in the process of wavelength tunable soliton pulse generation. The wavelength tunable soliton pulse is confirmed to be stable and useful for practical applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10043-000-0317-1
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma free fatty acids and protein binding of disopyramide during haemodialysis (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1987), S. 327-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: disopyramide ; protein binding ; intraindividual variability ; haemodialysis ; free fatty acids ; drug monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The binding of disopyramide (DSP) to plasma (or serum) proteins was determined using an ultrafiltration technique in three patients undergoing haemodialysis. An increase in the free fraction (FF) of DSP during dialysis occurred together with elevation of the free fatty acid (FFA) level in plasma. The effect of FFA on protein binding in vitro was examined using DSP- and FFA-spiked solutions containing human α1-acid glycoprotein and serum albumin. The FF of DSP rose in proportion to increasing FFA levels, supporting the in vivo observations. The findings suggest that the free concentration of DSP should be routinely monitored, especially in haemodialysis patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637572
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibitory effect of free fatty acids on plasma protein binding of disopyramide in haemodialysis patients (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 175-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: disopyramide ; haemodialysis ; protein binding ; intraindividual variability ; free fatty acids ; competitive inhibition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma (or serum) protein binding of disopyramide (DSP) in five haemodialysis patients was studied using an ultrafiltration technique. There was an increase in the free fraction of DSP in the plasma on dialysis days in comparison to the levels on interdialysis days, which was associated with an elevation of the free fatty acid levels in the plasma together with the increase of the free fraction of DSP. The inhibitory effect of free fatty acids on DSP binding in an in vitro study was enhanced in proportion to their concentrations, and was shown to be due to competition at one binding site by experiments with oleic acid as a representative displacer. Certain endogenous organic acids, such as indoxyl sulphate, 2-hydroxyhippuric acid and hippuric acid, which are characteristically elevated in chronic renal failure, scarcely affected the protein binding of DSP. The findings indicate that free DSP should be monitored in patients with elevated plasma free fatty acid levels, such as those on haemodialysis therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609191
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  • 5
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    Glia-synapse interaction through Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors in Bergmann glia (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-05-08
    Description: Glial cells express a variety of neurotransmitter receptors. Notably, Bergmann glial cells in the cerebellum have Ca2+-permeable alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) assembled without the GluR2 subunit. To elucidate the role of these Ca2+-permeable AMPARs, we converted them into Ca2+-impermeable receptors by adenoviral-mediated delivery of the GluR2 gene. This conversion retracted the glial processes ensheathing synapses on Purkinje cell dendritic spines and retarded the removal of synaptically released glutamate. Furthermore, it caused multiple innervation of Purkinje cells by the climbing fibers. Thus, the glial Ca2+-permeable AMPARs are indispensable for proper structural and functional relations between Bergmann glia and glutamatergic synapses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iino, M -- Goto, K -- Kakegawa, W -- Okado, H -- Sudo, M -- Ishiuchi, S -- Miwa, A -- Takayasu, Y -- Saito, I -- Tsuzuki, K -- Ozawa, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 May 4;292(5518):926-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11340205" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviridae/genetics ; Animals ; Astrocytes/cytology/*physiology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium Signaling ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; In Vitro Techniques ; Luminescent Proteins/genetics ; Membrane Potentials ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Permeability ; Purkinje Cells/cytology/*physiology ; Rats ; Receptors, AMPA/genetics/*metabolism ; Synapses/metabolism/*physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Transfection ; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Biochemical modeling of an autonomously oscillatory circadian clock in Euglena (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: Eukaryotic microorganisms, as well as higher animals and plants, display many autonomous physiological and biochemical rhythmicities having periods approximating 24 hours. In an attempt to determine the nature of the timing mechanisms that are responsible for these circadian periodicities, two primary operational assumptions were postulated. Both the perturbation of a putative element of a circadian clock within its normal oscillatory range and the direct activation as well as the inhibition of such an element should yield a phase shift of an overt rhythm generated by the underlying oscillator. Results of experiments conducted in the flagellate Euglena suggest that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), the mitochondrial Ca2+-transport system, Ca2+, calmodulin, NAD+ kinase, and NADP+ phosphatase represent clock "gears" that, in ensemble, might constitute a self-sustained circadian oscillating loop in this and other organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goto, K -- Laval-Martin, D L -- Edmunds, L N Jr -- 2S07RR05736/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1284-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Clocks ; Biological Transport ; Calcium/physiology ; Calmodulin/physiology ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Euglena/*physiology ; Mitochondria/physiology ; NAD/physiology ; NADP/physiology ; Nucleotidases/*physiology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phosphotransferases/metabolism ; *Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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