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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (3)
  • Animals  (2)
  • 0900
  • wavelength conversion
  • 2000-2004  (4)
  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of Wavelength Tunable Femtosecond Soliton Pulse Generation Using Femtosecond Pump Laser and Polarization Maintaining Fiber (2000)
    Springer
    Optical review 7 (2000), S. 309-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1349-9432
    Keywords: soliton pulse ; optical fiber ; Raman scattering ; nonlinear effect ; wavelength conversion ; ultrashort pulse ; chromatic dispersion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated both experimentally and numerically the characteristics of wavelength tunable femtosecond soliton pulse generation using a pulse width variable fiber laser and two different types of polarization maintaining fibers. The generated soliton shows the feature of the pulsewidth becoming almost constant at - 250 fs under any conditions of the pump pulse for 220m fiber. High conversion efficiency from pump pulse to a generated soliton pulse accounting for as much as 73% can be obtained. This efficiency decreases with increase in the input power or wavelength shift. A superior conversion efficiency and broad wavelength shift can be obtained by using a more shortened pump pulse. In the numerical calculations, it is predicted that under a condition of constant power of pump pulse, the maximum wavelength shift is achieved when the soliton number N is -1.4. The difference of mode field diameter and the group velocity dispersion (GVD) coefficient β2 affect the wavelength shift and conversion efficiency. Using the fiber with small mode field diameter and small absolute value of GVD coefficient β2, a high conversion efficiency and large wavelength shift can be obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10043-000-0309-1
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of Timing Jitter in Wavelength Tunable Femtosecond Soliton Pulses (2000)
    Springer
    Optical review 7 (2000), S. 317-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1349-9432
    Keywords: ultrashort pulse ; wavelength conversion ; timing jitter ; intensity noise ; Raman scattering ; radio-frequency spectrum analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the root mean square (RMS) timing jitter and RMS intensity noise of the wavelength tunable femtosecond soliton pulses using the technique of radio-frequency spectrum analysis. We obtained interesting results that the generated solitons have almost constant RMS timing jitter and RMS intensity noise of approximately 410 fs and 0.03% in the wavelength region of 1600-1750 nm. It is therefore believed that the magnitudes of the jitter and noise are not greatly increased in the process of wavelength tunable soliton pulse generation. The wavelength tunable soliton pulse is confirmed to be stable and useful for practical applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10043-000-0317-1
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phorbol esters can persistently replace interleukin-2 (IL-2) for the growth of a human IL-2-dependent T-cell line (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 136 (1988), S. 319-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A selected clone from an IL-2-dependent human T-cell line was persistently propagated in the presence of phorbol esters with the ability to activate protein kinase C (PKC), such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or phorbol-12,13-dibutylate (PDBu). Thus, a TPA(PDBu)-dependent T-cell line, designated TPA-Mat, was established from IL-2-dependent T cells. The TPA-dependency of TPA-Mat was not lost during cultivation for more than a year in the presence of TPA, and TPA-Mat cells still showed IL-2-dependent growth. However, the TPA (PDBu)-dependent growth of TPA-Mat did not seem to be mediated by an autocrine mechanism of IL-2 or by any other growth factor production, because these factors were not detected in TPA-Mat cell supernatants. Therefore, the phorbol esters substituted for IL-2 and may be directly involved in transduction of growth signals in TPA-Mat cells. Although activity of PKC was down-regulated, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) of the PKC β-gene was detected in TPA-Mat cells was stimulated not only by phorbol esters but also by nonphorbol ester tumor promoters with the ability to activate PKC. These observations suggest that the sustained activation of PKC by the phorbol esters could induce continuous growth of the IL-2-dependent TPA-Mat cells.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041360215
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution by sex of mouse fetuses in the intrauterine position (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 16 (1987), S. 79-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: fetal sex ratio ; mice ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We examined whether or not the sex of the fetuses of polytocous animals distributes randomly in the position along the uterine horn in 255 mouse litters. The fetal sex ratio did not differ significantly among the three intrauterine segments (ovarian, middle, and cervical). Based on the number of fetuses examined in this study, it can be stated that even if sex ratio differences exist among the segments, the ratio in individual segments would fall mostly inside the ±0.1 range, when the overall sex ratio (M/(M+F)) is around 0.5.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120160109
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural features of the AIDS virus (HIV) and its morphogenesis (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 12 (1989), S. 95-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Retrovirus ; Human ; HIV ; Morphogenesis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: HIV particles were usually seen on the surface of established lymphoid cells derived from AIDS patients or on CEM cells infected with HIV, and sometimes in cytoplasmic vacuoles. The virus particles were formed by a budding process from the plasma membrane of an infected cell. The budding particles were of a doughnut form. Various profiles of virus particles were seen extracellularly: type 1 had a bar-shaped, electron-dense core, type 2 had a central and type 3 an eccentric electron-dense round core, type 4 was doughnut-shaped, and type 5 had a layered core. However, projection patterns of the AIDS virus model suggested that type 1, 2 and 3 particles are similar. Therefore, the AIDS virus may be one of three main types: with or without a dense core, and with a layered core. It is thought that a particle with a layered core and a doughnut-type particle may be immature viruses.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060120205
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  • 6
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    Magnetotelluric imaging of fluids in intraplate earthquake zones, NE Japan back arc (2001)
    In:  Geophys. Res. Lett., Charleston, South Carolina, California Division of Mines San Francisco, vol. 28, no. 19, pp. 3741-3744, pp. B08305, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001
    Keywords: Fault zone ; Fluids ; Electromagnetic methods/phenomena ; 0900 ; Exploration ; geophysics ; 1515 ; Geomagnetism ; and ; paleomagnetism ; Geomagnetic ; induction ; 7230 ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; and ; seismotectonics ; GRL
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 7
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    Glia-synapse interaction through Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors in Bergmann glia (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-05-08
    Description: Glial cells express a variety of neurotransmitter receptors. Notably, Bergmann glial cells in the cerebellum have Ca2+-permeable alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) assembled without the GluR2 subunit. To elucidate the role of these Ca2+-permeable AMPARs, we converted them into Ca2+-impermeable receptors by adenoviral-mediated delivery of the GluR2 gene. This conversion retracted the glial processes ensheathing synapses on Purkinje cell dendritic spines and retarded the removal of synaptically released glutamate. Furthermore, it caused multiple innervation of Purkinje cells by the climbing fibers. Thus, the glial Ca2+-permeable AMPARs are indispensable for proper structural and functional relations between Bergmann glia and glutamatergic synapses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iino, M -- Goto, K -- Kakegawa, W -- Okado, H -- Sudo, M -- Ishiuchi, S -- Miwa, A -- Takayasu, Y -- Saito, I -- Tsuzuki, K -- Ozawa, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 May 4;292(5518):926-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11340205" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviridae/genetics ; Animals ; Astrocytes/cytology/*physiology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium Signaling ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; In Vitro Techniques ; Luminescent Proteins/genetics ; Membrane Potentials ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Permeability ; Purkinje Cells/cytology/*physiology ; Rats ; Receptors, AMPA/genetics/*metabolism ; Synapses/metabolism/*physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Transfection ; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 8
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    Biochemical modeling of an autonomously oscillatory circadian clock in Euglena (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: Eukaryotic microorganisms, as well as higher animals and plants, display many autonomous physiological and biochemical rhythmicities having periods approximating 24 hours. In an attempt to determine the nature of the timing mechanisms that are responsible for these circadian periodicities, two primary operational assumptions were postulated. Both the perturbation of a putative element of a circadian clock within its normal oscillatory range and the direct activation as well as the inhibition of such an element should yield a phase shift of an overt rhythm generated by the underlying oscillator. Results of experiments conducted in the flagellate Euglena suggest that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), the mitochondrial Ca2+-transport system, Ca2+, calmodulin, NAD+ kinase, and NADP+ phosphatase represent clock "gears" that, in ensemble, might constitute a self-sustained circadian oscillating loop in this and other organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goto, K -- Laval-Martin, D L -- Edmunds, L N Jr -- 2S07RR05736/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1284-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Clocks ; Biological Transport ; Calcium/physiology ; Calmodulin/physiology ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Euglena/*physiology ; Mitochondria/physiology ; NAD/physiology ; NADP/physiology ; Nucleotidases/*physiology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phosphotransferases/metabolism ; *Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
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