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  • Springer  (43)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science  (5)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (5)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (3)
  • 2000-2004  (20)
  • 1995-1999  (28)
  • 1965-1969  (8)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity analysis and optimization of thin laminated structures with a nonsmooth eigenvalue based criterion (1997)
    Springer
    Structural and multidisciplinary optimization 14 (1997), S. 219-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-1488
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a discrete model for the design sensitivity analysis of thin laminated angle-ply composite structures using a plate shell element based on a Kirchhoff discrete theory for the bending effects. To overcome the nondifferentiability of multiple eigenvalues, which may occur during a structural optimization involving free vibrations or buckling design situations, a nonsmooth eigenvalue based criterion is implemented. Angle-ply design variables and vectorial distances from the laminated midle surface to the upper surface of each layer are considered as design variables. The design sensitivities and the directional derivatives are evaluated analytically. The efficiency and accuracy of the model developed is discussed with two illustrative cases which show the need to compute sensitivities of multiple eigenvalues as directional derivatives for laminated composite structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01197943
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shape optimization of axisymmetric shells using a higher-order shear deformation theory (1995)
    Springer
    Structural and multidisciplinary optimization 9 (1995), S. 117-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-1488
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper structural and sensitivity analysis for the optimization of laminated axisymmetric shells subjected to static constraints and arbitrary loading is presented. The shell thickness, radial coordinate of a nodal point, lamina thickness and the angle of orientation of the fibers are the design variables. The objective of the design optimization is the minimization of the volume of the shell or the strain energy. The model is based on a three-node axisymmetric finite element with 24 degrees of freedom. A higher-order theory is developed for the nonlinear distribution of the meridional displacement component through the thickness of the shell. The sensitivities of the discrete model developed are evaluated analytically using a symbolic manipulator. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed model is discussed with reference to the applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01758828
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mucous cell types in the branchial epithelium of the euryhaline fish Poecilia vivipara (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 49 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Four types of mucous cells of the branchial epithelium of Poecilia are described. Type I in the apical region of the branchial filament; type II in the apical and interlamellar region; type III cells only in the interlamellar region; and type IV cells in the branchial arch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb00051.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor are required for malaria infection (2003)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 9 (2003), S. 1363-1369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, must first infect hepatocytes to initiate a mammalian infection. Sporozoites migrate through several hepatocytes, by breaching their plasma membranes, before infection is finally established in one of them. Here we show that wounding of hepatocytes by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm947
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluoride and organic weak acids as modulators of microbial physiology (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology reviews 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6976
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Fluoride is widely used as an anticaries agent in drinking water and a variety of other vehicles. This use has resulted in major health benefits. However, there are still open questions regarding the mechanisms of anticaries action and the importance of antimicrobial effects in caries reduction. Fluoride acts in multiple ways to affect the metabolism of cariogenic and other bacteria in the mouth. F−/HF can bind directly to many enzymes, for example, heme-containing enzymes or other metalloenzymes, to modulate metabolism. Fluoride is able also to form complexes with metals such as aluminum or beryllium, and the complexes, notably AlF4− and BeF3−·H2O, can mimic phosphate with either positive or negative effects on a variety of enzymes and regulatory phosphatases. The fluoride action that appears to be most important for glycolytic inhibition at low pH in dental plaque bacteria derives from its weak-acid properties (pKa=3.15) and the capacity of HF to act as a transmembrane proton conductor. Since many of the actions of fluoride are related to its weak-acid character, it is reasonable to compare fluoride action to those of organic weak acids, including metabolic acids, food preservatives, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and fatty acids, all of which act to de-energize the cell membrane by discharging ΔpH. Moreover, with the realization that the biofilm state is the common lifestyle for most microorganisms in nature, there is need to consider interactions of fluoride and organic weak acids with biofilm communities. Hopefully, this review will stimulate interest in the antimicrobial effects of fluoride or other weak acids and lead to more effective use of the agents for disease control and other applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2003.tb00627.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular monitoring of microbial diversity in expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors treating oleic acid (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 41 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A molecular approach was used to evaluate the microbial diversity of bacteria and archaea in two expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors fed with increasing oleic acid loading rates up to 8 kg of chemical oxygen demand (COD) m−3 day−1 as the sole carbon source. One of the reactors was inoculated with granular sludge (RI) and the other with suspended sludge (RII). During operation, the sludge in both reactors was segregated in two layers: a bottom settled one and a top floating one. The composition of the bacterial community, based on 16S rDNA sequence diversity, was affected most during the oleate loading process in the two reactors. The archaeal consortium remained rather stable over operation in RI, whereas in RII the relative abundance of Methanosaeta-like organisms became gradually weaker, starting in the bottom layer. In the range of oleate loads evaluated, 6 kg of COD m−3 day−1 was found as the maximum value that could be applied to the system. A further increase to 8 kg of oleate-COD m−3 day−1 induced a maximal shift on the microbial structure of the sludges. At this time point, methanogenic acetoclastic activity was not detected and only very low methanogenic activity on H2/CO2 was exhibited by the sludges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2002.tb00970.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiological responses of Tetrahymena pyriformis to copper, zinc, cycloheximide and Triton X-100 (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 30 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Protozoa, and particularly ciliates, are essential in aerobic purification processes of wastewaters and have proved to be very sensitive to environmental changes. The physiological response of the ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis was assessed in terms of mortality, growth and grazing capacity after exposure to four toxicants: copper, zinc, cycloheximide and Triton X-100. In the ranges of concentrations used, mortality, inhibition of growth and inhibition of grazing were observed with all toxicants employed, but in different ways. Copper and zinc showed lower toxicity than observed in other studies with protozoa, though some of the present results are in accordance with those reported by other authors. This supports the importance of the organism tested and the experimental conditions of the bioassays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00649.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of ethanol and acetic acid on the transport of malic acid and glucose in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe: implications in wine deacidification (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 126 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ethanol and acetic acid, at concentrations which may occur during wine-making, inhibited the transport of l-malic acid in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The inhibition was non-competitive, the decrease of the maximum initial velocity following exponential kinetics. Glucose transport was not significantly affected either by ethanol (up to 13%, w/v) or by acetic acid (up to 1.5%, w/v). The uptake of labelled acetic acid followed simple diffusion kinetics, indicating that a carrier was not involved in its transport. Therefore, the undissociated acid appears to be the only form that enters the cells and is probably responsible for the toxic effects. Accordingly, deacidification by Ss. pombe during wine fermentation should take place before, rather than after, the main alcoholic fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07416.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of physico-chemical properties of porous microcarriers on the adhesion of an anaerobic consortium (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 24 (2000), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: biomass-support interactions; microcarriers; surface properties; methanogenic activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The ability for biomass colonization of four porous mineral microcarriers (sepiolite, clay, pozzolana and foam glass-Poraver), was studied and related to their surface properties. The surface hydrophobicity of the mineral carriers was a more important factor influencing colonization by the anaerobic consortium than was surface charge. It was possible to correlate linearly the degree of hydrophobicity with the biomass retention capacity. Although the thermodynamic theory did not explain adhesion, an increase in cell attachment was directly related to the decrease of the positive values of the free energy of adhesion. Surface roughness, porosity and the amount of surface Mg2+, were also determinant factors in bacterial immobilization. However a great biomass accumulation can originate a decrease in biological activity due to mass transfer limitations. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 24, 181–186.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900799
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simulation model of a high-capacity methane adsorptive storage system (1995)
    Springer
    Adsorption 1 (1995), S. 17-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8757
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A two-dimensional model is developed to describe the hydrodynamics, heat transfer and adsorption phenomena associated with the adsorptive storage of natural gas (NG) in cylindrical reservoirs. Intraparticle and film resistances to both heat and mass transfer are neglected. In the momentum equation, Ergun's law is considered locally valid and is extended to two dimensions. These assumptions are fully justified in the paper. Numerical results are presented concerning the pressurization and blowdown of an ultra-lightweight 50 litre cylinder, commercially available for the storage of compressed NG, if it were filled with an activated carbon having a good adsorptive storage capacity. A simple formula is also proposed to predict the filling times for fast charges. The predicted temperature changes in the packed-bed are in good agreement with those reported in the literature for an experimental charge/discharge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00704143
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