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  • Springer  (170)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (42)
  • Institute of Physics  (41)
  • Geological Society of America (GSA)
  • 2000-2004  (52)
  • 1995-1999  (112)
  • 1985-1989  (80)
  • 1950-1954  (9)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of ammonium ions on the depolarization-induced and direct activation of the contractile apparatus in mechanically skinned fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibres of the rat (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of muscle research and cell motility 17 (1996), S. 611-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2657
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mechanically skinned fibre preparations from the extensor digitorum longus muscle of the rat were used to test whether a rise in myoplasmic [NH4 +] in the range 2–10 mm interferes with the mechanism of excitation-contraction coupling in fast-twitch mammalian muscle. Under our conditions (pH 7.10, Mg2+ 1 mm, temperature 23° C), [NH4 +] up to 10 mm had little effect on the Ca+-activated force and on the peak of the t-system depolarization-induced force response. However, the duration of the depolarization-induced force response was decreased significantly at [NH4 +] ≥2 mm. From these data we conclude that the intracellular accumulation of NH4 + is not likely to play a major role in fatigue. Nevertheless, the build up of NH4 + during fatigue, may have a significant inhibitory effect on the force output by decreasing the duration of the t-system depolarization-induced activation of the contractile apparatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00154055
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microfluorometric analyses of glycogen in freshly dissected, single skeletal muscle fibres of the cane toad using a mechanically skinned fibre preparation (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of muscle research and cell motility 19 (1998), S. 631-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2657
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The main objective of this study was to analyse glycogen in single muscle fibres, using a recently developed microfluorometric method which detects subpicomol amounts of NADPH, glucose and glycogen (as glucosyl units) (detection limit 0.16–0.17pmol in a 25nl sample) without fluorochrome amplification. The fibres were freshly dissected from the twitch region of the iliofibularis muscle of the cane toad (Bufo marinus), and were mechanically skinned under paraffin oil to gain access to the intracellular compartments. The results show that: (1) glycogen concentrations in toad skeletal muscle fibres range between 25.8 and 369mmol glucosyl units/litre fibre volume; (2) there is a large variation in glycogen content between individual fibres from the iliofibularis muscle of one animal; (3) there are seasonal differences in the glycogen content of toad single muscle fibres; (4) the total amount of glycogen in single muscle fibres of the toad does not decrease significantly when storing the tissue, under paraffin oil, at 20–25°C for up to 6h or at 4°C for up to 24h; and (5) 15–26% of fibre glycogen can be washed in an aqueous solution at pH 5–7, within 5min, while 74–85% of fibre glycogen remains associated with the washed skinned fibre, even after 40min exposure of the skinned fibre preparation to the aqueous environment. The retention of most glycogen in the fibre preparation after mechanical removal of the plasma membrane and extensive washing indicates that in toad skeletal muscle fibres the largest proportion of glycogen is tightly bound to intracellular structures. The results also show that the skinned muscle fibre preparation is well suited for microfluorometric glycogen determination, since low molecular weight non-glycogen contributors to the fluorescence signal can be removed from the myoplasmic space prior to the glycogen hydrolysis step.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005377030193
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unimolecular dynamics following vibrational overtone excitation of HN3 v1=5 and v1=6: HN3(X˜;v,J,K)→HN(X 3Σ−;v,J,Ω)+N2 (X 1Σ+g) (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 608-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Excitation of the NH-stretch overtone transitions of HN3 to v1=5 and 6 resulted in predissociation to HN(X) and N2(X) with lifetimes of 80+60−30 and ≤3 ns, respectively. Following excitation of either overtone, the HN fragments were formed predominantly in the symmetric F1, F3 spin–rotation states, with less than 4% population in the antisymmetric F2 levels. Fragment Doppler profiles confirmed that most of the available energy (〉96%) went into translational motion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.455454
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time resolved studies of vibrational relaxation dynamics of CO(v=1) on metal particle surfaces (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 4619-4620 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The vibrational relaxation dynamics of CO chemisorbed on small Pt and Rh particles supported on SiO2 has been investigated by picosecond time-resolved infrared transient bleaching experiments. A vibrational T1 lifetime of ≈7 ps has been observed for several different samples, independent of polarization, pump intensity, and sample temperature from 100–400 K. A 1:3 isotopic dilution has no effect upon T1. This T1 lifetime is a factor of 10–50 times shorter than T1 reported for metal carbonyl cluster compounds in solution and on SiO2 supports. Two possible mechanisms are considered to account for the rapid T1 decay; redistribution of the energy throughout the broad CO vibrational band, and relaxation directly to electron–hole pairs in the metal particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456598
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The spectroscopy and A state dynamics of the NeIBr van der Waals complex (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 3171-3180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The A 3Π1←X 1Σ+ laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectrum of the NeIBr van der Waals complex is reported and analyzed to extract information regarding the structure and vibrational predissociation dynamics of the complex. While no definitive geometric information regarding NeIBr is obtained, our data indicate that a linear geometry is at least plausible. The vibrational predissociation lifetimes are a strong function of A state vibrational level and range from 2.6 to 23 ps. The variation in lifetime with vibrational level is consistent with the results of previous measurements on rare gas–halogen complexes, particularly NeBr2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.455867
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Picosecond study of the population lifetime of CO(v=1) chemisorbed on SiO2-supported rhodium particles (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 5342-5343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Infrared pump–probe characterization of the excited state lifetimes reveals that CO bound to isolated metal sites (T1=140±20 ps) persists longer than the signal observed for CO bound to (approximate)35 A(ring) diameter metal particles (≤18 ps), suggesting paticipation of electron–hole excitations in the larger metal particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.455626
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CO(v=1) population lifetimes of metal–carbonyl cluster compounds in dilute CHCl3 solution (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 230-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tunable infrared picosecond pulses in the 5 μ region have been used for time-resolved pump–probe measurements of the population relaxation lifetime (T1) of CO(v=1) stretching vibrations in a series of metal–carbonyl cluster compounds in room temperature chloroform solution. T1 was the same for symmetric (ν=2084 cm−1, 90±10 ps) and antisymmetric (2014 cm−1, 87±10 ps) modes of the dicarbonyl Rh(CO)2(C5H7O2); T1 was the same for the B1 (2092 cm−1 , 710±130 ps) and B2 (2036 cm−1, 750±90 ps) modes of Rh2(CO)4Cl2. Similarly long T1 times were found for Rh4(CO)12 (2075 cm−1, 610±65 ps) and Rh6(CO)16 (2077 cm−1, 700±100 ps). The molecule Co4(CO)12 has also been compared to the corresponding rhodium analog and it exhibits an initially fast relaxation of 47±5 ps followed by a slower 396±70 ps decay. The transient response of the more complex systems to the single frequency experiment is found to be sensitive to frequency and can exhibit bleaching, absorption, and a combination of these effects. Such behavior is attributed to overlap of the IR pulse with v=1 to v=2 and higher transitions in the M4(CO)12 (M=Rh or Co) and Rh6(CO)16 molecules. The long CO(v=1) T1 values for the metal cluster molecules suggest relaxation via multiquantum transfer of vibrational energy to adjacent M–C stretch and M–C–O bend vibrations; energy transfer to vibrational or electronic states of the central metal core seems unimportant in determining T1 for these systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.455510
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation lifetimes and level mixing in overtone-excited HN3(X˜ 1A') (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 7037-7045 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vibrational overtone photodissociation is used to examine the spectroscopy and vibrational predissociation lifetimes of HN3 in its ground electronic state. Direct overtone pumping of the N–H stretching levels 5νNH and 6νNH prepares molecules in selected states (v,J,K) near 15 100 and 17 700 cm−1 of vibrational energy; spin-forbidden NH(X 3 Σ−) dissociation fragments are detected by laser-induced fluorescence. Photodissociation spectra of beam-cooled HN3 display mixing of individual rotational levels of the nνNH vibrations with several background states, with derived coupling matrix elements in the range 0.01–0.1 cm−1. Vibrational predissociation lifetimes of mixed components of 5νNH are state specific, with variations of a factor of 2 for only 0.1 cm−1 energy differences. Average lifetimes for low J, K are 210 ns for 5νNH and 0.95 ns for 6νNH. The ratio of decay rates for the two overtone levels, k(6νNH)/k(5νNH)=220, is much greater than predicted by statistical theory, which gives a ratio of 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456230
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energetics and spin- and Λ-doublet selectivity in the infrared multiphoton dissociation DN3→DN(X 3Σ−, a 1Δ)+N2(X 1Σ+g): Experiment (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 1378-1387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Multiphoton vibrational excitation of deuterated hydrazoic acid, DN3, by a CO2 laser (I=10 GW/cm2) leads to dissociation forming DN in both X 3Σ− (spin forbidden) and a 1Δ (spin allowed) electronic states. Under collisionless conditions, the nascent DN fragments were probed via laser induced fluorescence, to determine initial product state distributions. The DN(X 3Σ−) molecules are formed predominantly in the symmetric F1 and F3 spin–rotation states with little population (≤6%) in the antisymmetric F2 levels. There is no significant population (〈3%) in excited DN(3Σ−) vibrational levels. The distribution of rotational states is Boltzmann-like, characterized by a rotational "temperature'' of about 920 K for the F1, F3 states and 500 K for F2 levels. Doppler profiles showed a large kinetic energy release of about 10 100 cm−1 total in the triplet channel. The DN(1Δ) products are formed preferentially in the symmetric Δ(A'), e-labeled lambda doublet levels: Δ(A')/Δ(A‘)=1.44. The DN(1Δ) is formed with no vibrational excitation (〈2%); the rotational states are populated Boltzmann-like with a rotational "temperature'' of 425 K. Doppler profiles give a total kinetic energy of about 1500 cm−1 in this channel. These observations give information about the distribution of energy in the reactant, the location of the barriers to dissociation, and the geometry of the transition states. Alexander, Werner, and Dagdigian (accompanying article) show that the observed DN(3Σ−) spin- and DN(1Δ) Λ-doublet selectivities reflect the symmetry properties of a planar transition state and that the low degree of DN(3Σ−) rotational and vibrational excitation is also expected from the transition state geometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.455137
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time- and state-resolved measurements of nitric oxide dimer infrared photodissociation (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 1966-1976 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Picosecond and nanosecond lasers and pulsed molecular beam techniques have been used to measure the infrared photodissociation spectra, the product state distributions, and the predissociation lifetimes of vibrationally excited nitric oxide dimer (NO)2 . Results for the ν1 (v=1) symmetric NO stretching mode and the ν4 (v=1) antisymmetric NO stretching mode are presented. Predissociation lifetimes are determined by time-resolved laser induced fluorescence probing of the NO monomer product appearance rate. A dramatic mode dependence of the predissociation lifetimes is observed with the higher energy ν1 mode decaying in approximately 1 ns, and the lower energy ν4 mode decaying in approximately 40 ps. The mode dependence is independent of which product state is probed. The product state distributions show that 75% to 80% of the available energy is channeled into relative translational energy of the fragments for both modes. Rotational state distributions are Boltzmann-like with temperatures ranging from 71 to 112 K depending on both the initially excited mode and on the NO product spin–orbit state. Predissociation from ν1 produces NO fragments in the 2Π1/2 and 2 Π3/2 states with equal probability. Predissociation from ν4 exhibits a propensity for producing the lower energy 2 Π1/2 spin–orbit state. The observations are discussed in terms of various vibrational predissociation mechanisms, including vibrational potential coupling and electronically nonadiabatic predissociation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.455694
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