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  • 1
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: histocompatibility antigen ; major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class 11, thymopentin analogues ; immunosuppressors ; RGD sequence, integrins ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Our previous studies showed that the nonapeptide fragment of human leukocyte antigen DQ with the TPQRGDVYT sequence strongly suppresses the immune response1 [Z. Szewczuk, I. Z. Siemion, and Z. Wieczorek (1996) Molecular Immunology, 33, 903-908]. The fragment contains the RGDVY sequence, which is very similar to thymopentin (pentapeptide RKDVY, an active fragment (32-36) of thymopoietin, an immune system activator produced in thymi), and at the same time contains the RGD sequence, known as an inhibitor of adhesion processes. In the present study we tested an influence of the nonapeptide and its shorter fragments on binding of activated platelets and K562 cells to fibrinogen and fibronectin, respectively. We also designed and synthesized a cyclic thymopentin-like peptide, C*RGDVYC* (where C* indicates Cys participating in disulfide bridge) to restrict its conformation. The cyclization product strongly suppresses the humoral and cellular immune response and selectively inhibits the adhesion of K562 cells to fibronectin. The results are discussed in the light of CD conformational studies. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biopoly 40: 571-583, 1996
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 48 (1997), S. 441-446 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Innere Chlorierung von Nickelbasislegierungen and ihre Beziehung zur Korrosion durch VerdampfungDie Kinetik der inneren Chlorierung von Nickelbasislegierungen im Temperaturbereich zwischen 400°C und 700°C wurde mittels optischer und Rasterelektronenmikroskopie untersucht. Die innere Chlorierung von Ni-4Cr und Ni-4Cr-O,5Ce erfolgte durch Bildung fester Ausscheidungen wie CrCl2 und CeCl3, die thermodynamisch stabil sind und bei den Temperaturen niedrige Dampfdrücke in der Legierungsmatrix haben. Im niedrigeren Temperaturbereich folgte die Kinetik der inneren Chlorierung annähernd einem parabolischen Geschwindigkeitsgesetz. Der Grad der inneren Chlorierung nahm mit steigender Temperatur zu. Im höheren Temperaturbereich wurde der innere Angriff durch Legierungsverbrauch infolge Verdampfung begleitet. Wenn die Geschwindigkeit der inneren Chlorierung gleich der Geschwindigkeit des Gesamtmetallverbrauches war, näherte sich die Tiefe der inneren Chlorierungszone einem stationären Wert. Bei hohen Temperaturen, bei denen die Verdampfung dominierte, war die stationäre Tiefe der inneren Chlorierung sogar kleiner als bei niedrigeren Temperaturen. Wenn eine Probe nur geringer Verdampfung ausgesetzt war, zeigte sie mehr inneren Angriff als bei stärkerer Verdampfung und umgekehrt.
    Notes: The kinetics of internal chlorination of Ni-based alloys between 400°C and 700°C were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Internal chlorination of Ni-4Cr and Ni-4Cr-0.5Ce alloy occurred by formation of solid precipitates such as CrCl2, and CeCl3 which are thermodynamically stable and have low vapor pressures at the temperatures within the alloy matrix. In the lower temperature range, the kinetics of internal chlorination nearly followed a parabolic rate law. The degree of internal chlorination increased with increasing temperature. In the higher temperature range, the internal attack was accompanied by the consumption of the alloy by volatilization. When the rate of internal chlorination equaled the rate of overall metal consumption, the depth of the internal chlorination zone would approach a steady state value. At high temperatures, where vaporization was predominant, the steady state depth of internal attack was even smaller than that at lower temperature. When an alloy specimen was subject to little volatilization, it showed more internal attack than when it was not, and vice versa.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: black pigment gallstone ; FTIR ; EPR ; nonlinear phenomena ; vibrational mode ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Further spectroscopic studies of gallstones are reviewed with an emphasis on the formation of black pigment gallstones. This type of gallstone appears mainly in Western countries, with only 3% of the cholelithiasis patients in China having black gallstones. Fourier transform infrared absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance are used as spectroscopic probes of gallstones and their metal bilirubinate components. Nonlinear phenomena in gallstone formation were investigated through the appearance of ring structure in gallstones and fractal patterns in the formation in the precipitates of bile salt systems. Although a complete understanding of gallstone formation has not yet been achieved, interesting progress toward this goal has been made recently. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 381-391, 1997
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 36 (1990), S. 955-956 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 37 (1991), S. 955-959 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: flotation ; Streptomyces pilosus ; lead ; adsorption ; sodium dodecylsulfate ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The flotation of Streptomyces pilosus was studied in the absence and presence of adsorbed Pb(II) ions on the cell walls and with and without using sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) as collector. Adsorption of SDS onto the organism in the absence and presence of Pb(II) ions was also investigated. It was found that in the absence of adsorbed Pb(II), very little flotation took place with or without the presence of SDS although SDS adsorbed to some extent on the organism. The presence of Pb(II) on the bacterium's cell walls significantly increased flotation even in the absence of the collector. Addition of SDS, however, further increased both flotation rate and recovery.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 26 (1995), S. 483-487 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Plastoermüdungs- und Kriechverhalten von rekristallisiertem Molybdän im RaumtemperaturbereichDas Verformungsverhalten von reinem rekristallisierten Molybdan Blech unter zyklischer und statischer Beanspruchung wurde im Temperaturbereich zwischen 30°C und 100°C, unter Zug-Druck Spannungsamplituden zwischen 100 MPa und 250 MPa, sowie unter Zugbeanspruchung bis 200 MPa untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß Molybdan trotz der niedrigen Prüftemperaturen und Spannungen ein beträchtliches plastisches Verformungsvermögen aufweist, das empfindlich von der Prüffrequenzzeit und von geringfügigen Veranderungen in der Prüftemperatur abhängt. Die Aktivierungsenergie für die statischen und dynamischen Verformungsvorgänge berechnet sich zu weniger als 0,98 eV, was auf thermisch aktivierte Verformungsprozesse deutet. Diese Prozesse konnten auf der Grundlage eines in der Literatur beschriebenen Versetzungskinkenmodells erklärt werden. Das zyklische Plastizitätsverhalten bei den niederen Prüftemperaturen erscheint durch Wechselwirkungen von Kriech- und Ermüdungsvorgangen beeinflußt zu sein.
    Notes: The deformation behavior of pure recrystallized molybdenum under cyclic and static loads was investigated in the temperature range between 30°C and 10O°C, for stress amplitudes between 100 MPa and 250 MPa and for static loads up to 200 MPa. The results show that in spite of the low test temperatures and stress levels the Mo material exhibits considerable plastic strains which depend sensitively on frequenez and small changes in temperature.The activation energy deduced for the static and dynamic deformation is less than 0.98 eV which indicates thermally activated processes, to be explained by a dislocation kink model as described in the literature. The low-temperature fatigue behavior appears strongly influenced by creep-fatigue interaction phenomena.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: brown pigment stone ; PAGE ; mid-IR spectroscopy ; far IR spectroscopy ; FT-Raman ; bezoar ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Spectroscopic studies of various types of gallstones carried out in China are reviewed. Three basic classes of gallstones are surveyed: cholesterol stones, brown pigment stones, and black pigment stones. The emphasis of this review is on brown gallstones. The primary spectroscopic methods used in the studies surveyed are Fourier transform infrared absorption and Fourier transform Raman scattering. Chemical components studied in gallstones include cholesterol, bile pigments, glycoproteins, proteins, bilirubin metal complexes, and salts of calcium and other metals. Further studies are needed characterize the relationship of these components to more complex features of gallstones. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 371-380, 1997
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 30 (1992), S. 1443-1449 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Dielectric relaxation ; glass transition ; nematic liquid crystal ; polymer matrix ; Maxwell-Wagner effect ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Dielectric measurement on a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) has been carried out in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 1 MHz and over the temperature range from 100 to 330 K. The PDLC sample was prepared by thermally induced phase separation of a 50% mixture by weight of commercially available liquid crystal E7 with PMMA and was sandwiched between two indium tin oxide glass plates separated by 40 μm spacers to form a “window.” The dielectric spectrum at low temperature (220-250 K) shows two distinct relaxation processes. Which occur at about 5 K lower than those in pure E7 having Tg ≈ 209 K. From differential scanning calorimetry data, the nematic transition of LC droplets in the PDLC is at 258 K, about 6 K lower than that of pure E7. The Maxwell-Wagner effect has been observed in the low-frequency side as the temperature increases from 280 to 320 K. At room temperature, the loss peak associated with the Maxwell-Wagner effect shows an amplitude dependence with excitation level but no frequency shift. The effect of different concentrations of E7 in PDLC samples at a given temperature shows the 50% mixture has the “fastest” relaxation frequency in such a dispersed heterogeneous system. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 41 (1990), S. 3091-3095 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 2933-2941 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The preparation and properties of some new saturated and unsaturated esters of 2-cyano-2,4-pentadienoic acid (CPDA) are described. A comparison is also made with the known CPDA monomers synthesized under identical conditions. It was found that the monomer yields are dependent on the structure of the corresponding CPDA esters. This fact was explained with solvatation effects, occurring during the isolation procedures. The base-catalyzed anionic bulk polymerization of CPDA esters was studied by means of spectral methods. The data indicated that during the homopolymerization 1,4-addition of monomer molecules takes place to give a steric copolymer consisting of 1,4-cis and 1,4-trans structural units. The ability of poly-CPDA esters was also followed to form crosslinks at room and higher temperatures.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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