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  • *Biodiversity  (1)
  • Geologic Sediments/*microbiology  (1)
  • Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC240  (1)
  • 2005-2009  (2)
  • 1
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    The Subduction experiment : mooring field program and data summary ; Sub 1 June 1991-February 1992 ; Sub 2 February 1992-October 1992 ; Sub 3 October 1992-June 1993 (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: An array of five surface moorings carrying meteorological and oceanographic instrumentation was deployed for a period of two years beginning in June 1991 as part of an Office of Naval Research (ONR) funded Subduction experiment. Three eight month deployments were carried out. The five mooring locations were 18°N 34°W, 18°N 22°W, 25.5°N 29°W, 33°N 22°W and 33°N 34°W. Two Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) and three Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) moorings collected oceanographic and meteorological data, using a 3-meter discus or 2-meter toroid buoy and multiple Vector Measuring Current Meters (VMCMs), an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) and Brancker temperature recorders (tpods). The surface buoys carried a Vector Averaging Wind Recorder (VAWR) and, on four of the five moorings, an Improved Meteorological Recorder (IMET) which measured wind speed and wind direction, sea surface temperature, air temperature, short wave radiation, barometric pressure and relative humidity. The IMET also measured precipitation. The VMCMs, ADCP and tpods, placed at depths 1 m to 3500 m, measured oceanic velocities and temperatures. This report presents meteorological and oceanographic data from the WHOI Upper Ocean Processes Group (UOP) and the SIO Instrument and Development Group (lDG) instruments and contains summaries of the instruments used, their depths, mooring positions, mooring deployment and recovery times, and data return. Appendices contain information on supplementary Subduction data sets.
    Description: Funding provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N00014-90-J-1490.
    Keywords: Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Subduction ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC240 ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC250 ; Charles Darwin (Ship) Cruise CD73 ; Knorr (Ship : 1970-) Cruise KN138
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 4073362 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Abundance and diversity of microbial life in ocean crust (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-30
    Description: Oceanic lithosphere exposed at the sea floor undergoes seawater-rock alteration reactions involving the oxidation and hydration of glassy basalt. Basalt alteration reactions are theoretically capable of supplying sufficient energy for chemolithoautotrophic growth. Such reactions have been shown to generate microbial biomass in the laboratory, but field-based support for the existence of microbes that are supported by basalt alteration is lacking. Here, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization and microscopy, we demonstrate that prokaryotic cell abundances on seafloor-exposed basalts are 3-4 orders of magnitude greater than in overlying deep sea water. Phylogenetic analyses of basaltic lavas from the East Pacific Rise (9 degrees N) and around Hawaii reveal that the basalt-hosted biosphere harbours high bacterial community richness and that community membership is shared between these sites. We hypothesize that alteration reactions fuel chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms, which constitute a trophic base of the basalt habitat, with important implications for deep-sea carbon cycling and chemical exchange between basalt and sea water.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Santelli, Cara M -- Orcutt, Beth N -- Banning, Erin -- Bach, Wolfgang -- Moyer, Craig L -- Sogin, Mitchell L -- Staudigel, Hubert -- Edwards, Katrina J -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 29;453(7195):653-6. doi: 10.1038/nature06899.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MIT/WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography and Ocean Engineering, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18509444" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biodiversity ; Chemoautotrophic Growth ; Genes, Bacterial/genetics ; Geologic Sediments/*microbiology ; Hawaii ; History, Ancient ; *Marine Biology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pacific Ocean ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Seawater/microbiology ; *Silicates/metabolism ; Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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