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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting cell attachment, spreading, and growth on derivatized microcarriers. I. Establishment of working system and effect of the type of the amino-charged groups (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 469-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A working system for studying the effects of factors involved in the chemical nature of microcarriers on cell attachment, spreading, and growth was established. The system is based on polyacrylamide beads, prepared by the emulsion polymerization technique. Sieved beads of desirable mean diameter were derivatized to generate controlled amounts of primary and tertiary amino groups. These microcarriers were used for the propagation of four different cell strains: BHK, MDCK, CEF, and MRC-5. It was found that BHK cells attach and spread significantly faster on primary amino-derivatized beads than those with tertiary amino groups, and at a lower degree of charging. Cell yields of MDCK cells (with pronounced epithelial morphology) propagated on primary amino-derivatized beads were higher than that obtained for the tertiary amino-derivatized microcarriers. On the other hand, CEF and MRC-5 cells (with pronounced fibroblast morphology) achieved higher cell yields on the tertiary amino-derivatized microcarriers.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260250213
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of microbial cells in crosslinked, prepolymerized, linear polyacrylamide gels: Antibiotic production by immobilized Streptomyces clavuligerus cells (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2747-2759 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mild new method for the immobilization whole microbial cells has been developed. Cells were suspended in a solution of preformed, linear, water-soluble Polyacrylamide chains, partially substituted with acylhydrazide groups. The Prepolymerized backbone polymer was crosslinked, in the presence of viable cells, by stoichiometric amounts of dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutardialdehyde, and period ate-oxidized polyvinyl alcohol. The crosslinking reaction, carried out in cold, neutral physiological conditions resulted in cells entrapped in gels with physical properties similar to those of the common Polyacrylamide gels. However, cell damage generally caused by the acrylamide monomer was avoided. Resting Streptomyces clavuligerus cells, possessing a high capacity for antibiotic production, were entrapped according to this procedure. These immobilized cells produced cephalosporins continuously for 96 h with yields similar to those of free resting cells. The same cells, when immobilized by direct polymerization acrylamide monomers, yielded significantly lower amount of antibiotics.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231209
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors effecting cell attachment, spreading, and growth on derivatized microcarriers: II introduction of hydrophobic elements (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 2969-2980 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In a previous publication, the authors described the establishment of a working system for studing effects of factors involved in the chemical nature of a microcarrier on cell attachment, spreading, and growth. The first part of the rsearch dealt with the influence of the type and amount of the positively charged groups. In the present article, the authors will describe the effect of the introduction of hydrophobic elements onto primary amino derivatized polyacrylamide microcariers. It was found that cell attachement kinetics were gradually enhanced in parallel to a gradual increase in hydrophobicity via elongation of the hydrocarbon side-chain carrying the primary amino charged group. A threshold effect of the amount of charge required for cell attachment spreading and growth was exhibited on all the tested primary amino derivatized microcarriers. Optimum cell growth was recorded for the butylamine and hexylamine polyacrylamide microcarris. Lowre cell yields were recorded for ethylamine and octylamine derivatives. The location of the introduced hydrophobic element has a profound effect on cell propagation. Introduction of hydrophobicity onto the polymeric backbone of the microcarrier (via copolymerization of hydrophobic comonomer) lead to negative influence on cell attachement and growth yields. Out of the series of derivatized polyacrylamide microcarriers tested, it seems that the hexylamine derivative may be a potential alternative for the commonly used tertiary amine microcariers.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260251213
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applications of heart cutting from packed to capillary columns (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 546-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Multidimensional ; Deans switching ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The power of capillary gas chromatography can be enhanced by selective fractionation of the sample. One way of doing this is heart cutting from a packed gas chromatographic column. This paper describes modification of a commercial instrument for such separations. Components of the system include an automated Deans switch and an electrically heated trap. The benefits of this arrangement are illustrated with chromatograms of naphtha, urinary aromatic acids, and wine volatiles.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051006
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra of disulfides, thiosulfinates and thiosulfonates (1981)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 17 (1981), S. 53-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra of neopentyl and benzyl substituted disulfides, thiosulfinates, thiosulfonates, thiols, sulfides, sulfinic acids and sulfonic acids are reported. The deshielding electron withdrawing effects of -SO, -SO2, -SO2-, -SO2H, -SO3-, -SO3H and SO3CH3 on α-methylene and benzylic protons are observed. The 1H NMR spectra show, except for two dialkylthiosulfinates, that the α'-protons of thiosulfinates absorb farther downfield than those of the thiosulfonates. Although the 13C NMR spectra show that αSO effects are deshielding and are smaller than the αSO2 effects, the α'SO values are more shielding than the α'SO2 values for some compounds. The effects on 13C NMR spectra which result from substituting a phenyl group for a neopentyl or benzyl group are discussed. The α-methylene carbon shifts for neopentanesulfinic acid and α-toluenesulfinic acid are further downfield than those for the corresponding sulfonic acids.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270170113
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical ionization and electron impact mass spectra of thiosulfinates, thiosulfonates and sulfinyl sulfonesSee Ref. 1. (1982)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 17 (1982), S. 114-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The chemical ionization and electron impact mass spectra of some thiosulfinates, thiosulfonates and sulfinyl sulfones have been studied. The electron impact mass spectra of four of the six thiosulfonates show molecular ions of less than 1%. Inconclusive evidence was obtained for sulfenyl sulfinate type intermediates in the electron impact spectra of thiosulfonates. The electron impact spectra of thiosulfonates were similar to those of thiosulfonates. The chemical ionization (isobutane) mass spectra of thiosulfinates and thiosulfonates generally show protonated molecular ions [MH]+ as base peaks and [MH+1]+ and [MH+2]+ peaks.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210170303
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    13C NMR chemical shifts of thiols, sulfinic acids, sulfinyl chlorides, sulfonic acids and sulfonic anhydrides (1983)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 21 (1983), S. 86-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C NMR spectra of thiols, sulfinic acids, sulfinyl chlorides, sulfonic acids and sulfonic anhydrides have been obtained. The data are discussed in terms of the additivity of the deshielding effects exerted by the sulfur functionality at the α- or β-position, and the shielding effects produced by the sulfur function at the γ-position.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/omr.1270210204
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Problems with risk analysis in the chemical industry. A detailed examination of the theoretical and practical problems faced by the risk analyst in the study of a chemical plant (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Plant/Operations Progress 2 (1983), S. 185-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0278-4513
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prsb.720020315
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of incineration in remedial actions (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Plant/Operations Progress 3 (1984), S. 113-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 0278-4513
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prsb.720030217
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydroxypolychlorodibenzofurans in technical pentachlorophenol: Electron capture negative ion chemical ionization mass spectra of alkoxypolychlorodibenzofurans (1982)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1982), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0306-042X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A mixture of hydroxypolychlorodibenzofurans was isolated from technical pentachlorophenol. The alkyl ethers were prepared, and analyzed by fused silica capillary column gas chromatography electron capture negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. The appearance of intense molecular ion peaks for the alkyl ethers apparently depends on the ring position of alkoxy substitution. Loss of chlorine atoms from the ring, followed by protonation of the resultant anion as the alkyl group is eliminated, is postulated on the basis of deuterium labeling experlments. Evidence is also presented for the presence of a hydroxyheptachlorodibenzodioxin in technical pentáchlorophenol.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200090209
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