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  • 2005-2009  (31)
  • 1985-1989  (40)
  • 1975-1979  (45)
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  • 1
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    Sparse optical microstimulation in barrel cortex drives learned behaviour in freely moving mice (2007)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007
    Description: Electrical microstimulation can establish causal links between the activity of groups of neurons and perceptual and cognitive functions. However, the number and identities of neurons microstimulated, as well as the number of action potentials evoked, are difficult to ascertain. To address these issues we introduced the light-gated algal channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) specifically into a small fraction of layer 2/3 neurons of the mouse primary somatosensory cortex. ChR2 photostimulation in vivo reliably generated stimulus-locked action potentials at frequencies up to 50 Hz. Here we show that naive mice readily learned to detect brief trains of action potentials (five light pulses, 1 ms, 20 Hz). After training, mice could detect a photostimulus firing a single action potential in approximately 300 neurons. Even fewer neurons (approximately 60) were required for longer stimuli (five action potentials, 250 ms). Our results show that perceptual decisions and learning can be driven by extremely brief epochs of cortical activity in a sparse subset of supragranular cortical pyramidal neurons.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3425380/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3425380/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huber, Daniel -- Petreanu, Leopoldo -- Ghitani, Nima -- Ranade, Sachin -- Hromadka, Tomas -- Mainen, Zach -- Svoboda, Karel -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 3;451(7174):61-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Farm Research Campus, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18094685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/physiology/radiation effects ; Algal Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology/*radiation effects ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/*physiology/*radiation effects ; Electric Stimulation ; Learning/*physiology/radiation effects ; Mice ; Movement/*physiology ; Optics and Photonics ; Photic Stimulation ; Pyramidal Cells/metabolism/radiation effects ; Rhodopsins, Microbial/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Reverse engineering the mouse brain (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-16
    Description: Behaviour is governed by activity in highly structured neural circuits. Genetically targeted sensors and switches facilitate measurement and manipulation of activity in vivo, linking activity in defined nodes of neural circuits to behaviour. Because of access to specific cell types, these molecular tools will have the largest impact in genetic model systems such as the mouse. Emerging assays of mouse behaviour are beginning to rival those of behaving monkeys in terms of stimulus and behavioural control. We predict that the confluence of new behavioural and molecular tools in the mouse will reveal the logic of complex mammalian circuits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Connor, Daniel H -- Huber, Daniel -- Svoboda, Karel -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 15;461(7266):923-9. doi: 10.1038/nature08539.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Janelia Farm Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19829372" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Brain/*cytology/*metabolism/physiology ; Mice ; Neural Pathways/*physiology ; Somatosensory Cortex/cytology/metabolism/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Vasopressin and oxytocin excite distinct neuronal populations in the central amygdala (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-12
    Description: Vasopressin and oxytocin strongly modulate autonomic fear responses, through mechanisms that are still unclear. We describe how these neuropeptides excite distinct neuronal populations in the central amygdala, which provides the major output of the amygdaloid complex to the autonomic nervous system. We identified these two neuronal populations as part of an inhibitory network, through which vasopressin and oxytocin modulate the integration of excitatory information from the basolateral amygdala and cerebral cortex in opposite manners. Through this network, the expression and endogenous activation of vasopressin and oxytocin receptors may regulate the autonomic expression of fear.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huber, Daniel -- Veinante, Pierre -- Stoop, Ron -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 8;308(5719):245-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cellular Biology and Morphology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15821089" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdala/cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Animals ; Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists ; Autoradiography ; Fear/physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Neurons/*physiology ; Oxytocin/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Oxytocin/agonists/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Receptors, Vasopressin/agonists/metabolism ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology ; Vasopressins/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of immobilized bacteria by aminopeptidase profiling (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 61 (1989), S. 1656-1660 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00190a011
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microscopic theory of magnetic excitations in ferromagnets with random anisotropy axes (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5627-5629 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present a microscopic theory of the harmonic magnetic excitations in ferromagnets with random anisotropy axes. The theory is analogous to the theory of excitations in spin glasses developed by Walker and Walstedt, with the difference that the disorder arises from the anisotropy rather than the exchange interaction. We report the results of numerical calculations of magnon density of states and the ferromagnetic resonance frequency for a model system where the spins occupy sites on a fcc lattice. The exchange interaction is between nearest neighbors, and the anisotropy axis varies randomly from site to site with no correlation between different sites. Data are obtained with a range of values of the ratio of the anisotropy to the exchange interaction in both the zero-field and high-field limits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342303
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spin dynamics in Zn1−xMnxTe (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3297-3299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: First results of inelastic neutron scattering studies of quasiharmonic magnons in Zn1−xMnxTe are reported. Measurements carried out on two single-crystal samples with x=0.65 and x=0.41 at T=4.2–5.0 K revealed broad excitation modes, which were in excellent agreement with the results of theoretical modelling. Results for x=0.65 yield JNN=(7.9±0.2) K which is the first determination of the nearest-neighbor exchange constant in Zn1−xMnxTe in this x region. Data taken at higher temperatures showed only weak renormalization of the energy spectra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340816
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Instabilities of spin waves in parallel-pumped easy plane ferromagnets (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 4151-4153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: By applying the S-theory formalism of Zakharov et al. to a microscopic hamiltonian with uniaxial easy plane anisotropy, we arrive at a set of equations for the system that describe the spin waves and their mutual interactions. The parameters in the theory are related to the various interaction constants of the microscopic hamiltonian. Numerical studies of this system of equations indicate that the stationary states are ones where all spin-wave pair correlation functions have the same phase. The phenomenon of phase locking is universal, independent of the mode of approach to equilibrium. It is found that there is no dependence on the number of modes (up to 100) for the above behavior. This, together with the form of the equations, indicates that a similar result should hold for a macroscopic number of modes. Results for the stationary magnon population are presented. In the phase-locked regime, the approach to a stationary state is governed by a pair of coupled first-order differential equations. Linearizing these equations about the stationary points, we find that the approach to equilibrium involves purely exponential decay just above threshold, and, at higher power levels, we have damped oscillatory decay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340523
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of bacterial pathogens by laser excited fluorescence (1985)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 57 (1985), S. 1669-1673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00285a035
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relaxation of a nuclear spin interacting with a dilute gas of π-solitons in the strong collision limit (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 3349-3350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We calculate the longitudinal relaxation time of a nuclear spin interacting with a dilute gas of π-solitons in a quasi-one-dimensional magnetic chain. The calculation applies to the strong collision limit and thus is appropriate for characterizing the relaxation of the nuclear spins of the magnetic ions. The relaxation rate is proportional to the soliton density for all values of the collision rate. Results are compared with the predictions of the weak collision model, which is applicable to the nuclear spins of the nonmagnetic ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.335092
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-temperature spin correlations and spin dynamics in diluted magnetic semiconductors (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 3415-3417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Neutron scattering measurements of static and dynamic spin correlations in the semimagnetic semiconductor Cd0.35Mn0.65Te are reported and compared to computer simulations for a dilute Heisenberg fcc antiferromagnet that is the model analog of Cd1−xMnxTe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.335061
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