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  • 2005-2009  (282)
  • 1985-1989  (49)
  • 1980-1984  (26)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2008-08-12
    Description: Human Argonaute (Ago) proteins are essential components of the RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISCs). Argonaute 2 (Ago2) has a P-element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI) domain, which folds like RNase H and is responsible for target RNA cleavage in RNA interference. Proteins such as Dicer, TRBP, MOV10, RHA, RCK/p54 and KIAA1093 associate with Ago proteins and participate in small RNA processing, RISC loading and localization of Ago proteins in the cytoplasmic messenger RNA processing bodies. However, mechanisms that regulate RNA interference remain obscure. Here we report physical interactions between Ago2 and the alpha-(P4H-alpha(I)) and beta-(P4H-beta) subunits of the type I collagen prolyl-4-hydroxylase (C-P4H(I)). Mass spectrometric analysis identified hydroxylation of the endogenous Ago2 at proline 700. In vitro, both Ago2 and Ago4 seem to be more efficiently hydroxylated than Ago1 and Ago3 by recombinant human C-P4H(I). Importantly, human cells depleted of P4H-alpha(I) or P4H-beta by short hairpin RNA and P4H-alpha(I) null mouse embryonic fibroblast cells showed reduced stability of Ago2 and impaired short interfering RNA programmed RISC activity. Furthermore, mutation of proline 700 to alanine also resulted in destabilization of Ago2, thus linking Ago2 P700 and hydroxylation at this residue to its stability regulation. These findings identify hydroxylation as a post-translational modification important for Ago2 stability and effective RNA interference.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2661850/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2661850/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Qi, Hank H -- Ongusaha, Pat P -- Myllyharju, Johanna -- Cheng, Dongmei -- Pakkanen, Outi -- Shi, Yujiang -- Lee, Sam W -- Peng, Junmin -- Shi, Yang -- AG025688/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- GM53874/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM053874/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM053874-15/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 18;455(7211):421-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07186. Epub 2008 Aug 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, New Research Building 854, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18690212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Argonaute Proteins ; Enzyme Stability ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Hydroxylation ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Proline/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Subunits ; RNA-Induced Silencing Complex/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2009-11-07
    Description: The rice Xa21 gene confers immunity to most strains of the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of biologically active fractions from Xoo supernatants led to the identification of a 194-amino acid protein designated Ax21 (activator of XA21-mediated immunity). A sulfated, 17-amino acid synthetic peptide (axY(S)22) derived from the N-terminal region of Ax21 is sufficient for activity, whereas peptides lacking tyrosine sulfation are biologically inactive. Using coimmunoprecipitation, we found that XA21 is required for axY(S)22 binding and recognition. axY(S)22 is 100% conserved in all analyzed Xanthomonas species, confirming that Ax21 is a pathogen-associated molecular pattern and that XA21 is a pattern recognition receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Sang-Won -- Han, Sang-Wook -- Sririyanum, Malinee -- Park, Chang-Jin -- Seo, Young-Su -- Ronald, Pamela C -- GM55962/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 6;326(5954):850-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1173438.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19892983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Conserved Sequence ; Genes, Bacterial ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Immunity, Innate ; Immunoprecipitation ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oryza/*immunology/metabolism/*microbiology ; Peptide Fragments/chemistry/metabolism ; Plant Diseases/*immunology/microbiology ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/genetics/*metabolism ; Sulfates/metabolism ; Tyrosine/metabolism ; Xanthomonas/genetics/immunology/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2009-08-29
    Description: Akt signaling plays a central role in many biological functions, such as cell proliferation and apoptosis. Because Akt (also known as protein kinase B) resides primarily in the cytosol, it is not known how these signaling molecules are recruited to the plasma membrane and subsequently activated by growth factor stimuli. We found that the protein kinase Akt undergoes lysine-63 chain ubiquitination, which is important for Akt membrane localization and phosphorylation. TRAF6 was found to be a direct E3 ligase for Akt and was essential for Akt ubiquitination, membrane recruitment, and phosphorylation upon growth-factor stimulation. The human cancer-associated Akt mutant displayed an increase in Akt ubiquitination, in turn contributing to the enhancement of Akt membrane localization and phosphorylation. Thus, Akt ubiquitination is an important step for oncogenic Akt activation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3008763/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3008763/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yang, Wei-Lei -- Wang, Jing -- Chan, Chia-Hsin -- Lee, Szu-Wei -- Campos, Alejandro D -- Lamothe, Betty -- Hur, Lana -- Grabiner, Brian C -- Lin, Xin -- Darnay, Bryant G -- Lin, Hui-Kuan -- R01 CA149321/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA149321-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Aug 28;325(5944):1134-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1175065.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19713527" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/pharmacology ; Interleukin-1beta/pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/chemistry/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6/genetics/*metabolism ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/*metabolism ; Ubiquitination
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1988-06-10
    Description: Clinical and seroepidemiological studies in West Africa indicate that human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is widespread and associated with immunodeficiency states of variable degree. In this study, an isolate of HIV-2 from a patient in Senegal was molecularly cloned and characterized. This isolate (HIV-2ST) was shown by hybridization and restriction enzyme analysis to be more related to the prototype HIV-2ROD than to other human or primate retroviruses. Cultures of HIV-2ST showed genotypic polymorphism, and clones of the virus had transmembrane envelope glycoproteins of 30 and 42 kilodaltons. Unlike other immunodeficiency viruses, HIV-2ST did not cause cell death or induce cell fusion in peripheral blood lymphocytes or in any of four CD4+ cell lines tested. Although HIV-2ST entered cells by a CD4-dependent mechanism and replicated actively, cell-free transmission of the virus was retarded at the level of cell entry. These findings suggest that immunodeficiency viruses prevalent in West African populations are members of the HIV-2 virus group and that certain strains of this virus have attenuated virulence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kong, L I -- Lee, S W -- Kappes, J C -- Parkin, J S -- Decker, D -- Hoxie, J A -- Hahn, B H -- Shaw, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jun 10;240(4858):1525-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3375832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Genes, Viral ; HIV/classification/*isolation & purification/pathogenicity ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes/microbiology ; Senegal ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 557 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 45 (1989), S. 1152-1154 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 3 (1988), S. 99-113 
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A sixteen node shell element is developed using a matrix stabilization scheme based on the Hellinger-Reissner principle with independent strain. Initially the assumed independent strain is divided into a lower order part and a higher order part. The stiffness matrix corresponding to the lower order assumed strain is equivalent to the stiffness matrix of the assumed displacement model element with the reduced integration scheme. The spurious kinematic modes of the element are suppressed by introducing a stabilization matrix associated with a judiciously chosen set of higher order assumed strain fields. Numerical results show that this element is free of locking even for very thin plates and shells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 5 (1989), S. 366-374 
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A finite element model that can be applied to helicopter rotor blades has been developed with a particular emphasis on the proper representation of out-of-plane warping of arbitrary cross-sections. The model can describe accurately coupled bending, torsion and extensional behavior of beams undergoing small strain, moderately large deflection. The model can also handle beams with arbitrary cross-sections, taper, pretwist and planform. A main feature of the present approach is to introduce small warping displacement superimposed over flat cross-sections of a shear-flexible beam in the direction of the reference axis in deformed configuration. The nonlinear equilibrium equation resulting from finite element approximation is solved by the Newton-Raphson method. Numerical tests involving simple isotropic beams demonstrate the validity of the present approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 23 (1988), S. 55-60 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The indentation rosette size in (111)p-type Czochralski grown silicon was measured as a function of annealing temperature (450 to 1100° C), time (600 to 9300 sec) and indentation load (0.147 to 2.94 N). The indentations were made with the silicon surface immersed in an electrolytic solution containing Nal ions with concentrations in the range of 10−5 to 10−1 MI−1. The rosette size,2L, was found to depend on the experimental variables as $$\left\langle {2L} \right\rangle = Ct^{1/2} P^{1.15} exp\left( {\frac{U}{{kT}}} \right)$$ whereC is a constant andt, T, P, andU are the annealing time, temperature, indentation load and energy, respectively, andk is Boltzmann's constant. The energy U has at least three different values depending on the annealing temperature interval and varies to a lesser extent on the indentation load.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 23 (1988), S. 2951-2959 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Infrared and Raman spectra were measured and interpreted on the basis of structure for various ZrO2-SiO2 glasses that were prepared by a sol-gel process involving zirconium nitrate. Interpretation of the spectra indicates the presence of both Zr-O-Si and Si-O-H linkages depending upon heat treatment conditions, and the evidence of zirconium atoms with eight fold coordination for glasses with high ZrO2 contents. The crystalline products formed during glass devitrification were monitored by vibrational spectra. The formation and detection of tetragonal ZrO2, zircon, monoclinic ZrO2 and α-cristobalite depended upon the conditions of devitrification.
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