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  • Lepidoptera  (37)
  • Transformation  (36)
  • phosphorus  (35)
  • healthy volunteers
  • Springer  (130)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1995-1999  (80)
  • 1980-1984  (50)
  • 1965-1969
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and field optimisation of the female sex pheromone of the rice leaffolder,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis in India (1995)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 74 (1995), S. 195-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: rice leaffolder ; Cnaphalocrocis medinalis ; Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate ; (Z)-13-octadecenyl acetate ; (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol ; octadecyl acetate ; sex pheromone ; attractant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of ovipositor washings from virgin femaleCnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) of Indian origin by linked gas chromatography and electroantennography indicated the presence of three electrophysiologically-active compounds. These were identified on the basis of their gas chromatographic retention times and mass spectra as (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate, (Z)-13-octadecenyl acetate and (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol with (Z)-13-octadecenyl acetate present in amounts of between 0.25 and 1.5 ng per ovipositor and the other two components at less than 10% of this. Trace quantities of octadecyl acetate were identified by mass spectrometry but no electroantennographic responses were observed to this compound. Field trials conducted with a range of blends of the three electrophysiologically-active compounds showed that blends containing between 5% and 30% (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate in (Z)-13-octadecenyl acetate dispensed from either white rubber septa or polythene vials were more attractive to male moths than a virgin female moth. Addition of (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol reduced attractiveness to male moths in the blends and concentrations tested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02381782
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) plants by direct embryogenesis from microprojecticle bombarded leaf cells (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1997), S. 813-819 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Forage grasses ; Dactylis glomerata L. ; Orchardgrass ; Transformation ; Microprojectile bombardment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Young leaf tissue of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) was placed on Schenk and Hildebrandt medium containing 30 µM dicamba. Microprojectiles coated with DNA containing the selectable bar gene (Basta® tolerance) and the reporter gene uidA coding for β-glucuronidase (GUS), both driven by the maize ubiquitin promoter (Ubi1), were propelled into the tissue with a particle inflow gun. Transient GUS expression was observed as blue spots of various sizes on leaf segments. Somatic embryos staining entirely blue were also produced, and embryos germinated on medium containing 3.0 mg 1–1 bialaphos. Leaves of 67 putative transformed plants were painted with 0.1% Basta. Ten showed no reaction, and 6 showed only a localized response. Cultured leaf segments from tolerant plants also produced somatic embryos that expressed GUS. The genetic transformation was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization and PCR analyses of T0 plants and by PCR analyses of somatic embryos produced from T0 plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050326
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trail Marking by the Larva of the Madrone Butterfly Eucheira socialis and the Role of the Trail Pheromone in Communal Foraging Behavior (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 11 (1998), S. 247-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: trail following ; 5β-cholestane-3-one ; pheromone ; cooperative foraging ; social caterpillar ; bolsa ; silk ; Pieridae ; Eucheira ; Lepidoptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The larva of the Madrone butterfly Eucheira socialis (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) secretes a trail pheromone from the ventral surface of the posterior tip of its abdomen. Caterpillars mark trails by bringing the secretory site into brief contact with the substrate during a locomotive cycle. Foragers mark most heavily when they move onto new branches and little, if at all, when they move over established trails or when they return to the communal shelter after feeding. The caterpillars make careful comparisons of alternative pathways at choice points and select newer and stronger trails over older and weaker trails. Differential marking of new and established trails during nightly forays, coupled with sensory discrimination of trails by strength and age, leads colonies to abandon old trails in favor of new trails. When applied at a rate as low as 2.5 × 10 −10 g/mm, caterpillars followed synthetic trails prepared from 5β-cholestane-3-one, a trail pheromone previously reported from the tent caterpillars (Malacosoma spp.). Although both Eucheira and Malacosoma mark with the tip of the abdomen and have near-identical sensitivites to 5β-cholestane-3-one, our study shows that Eucheira employs a relatively unsophisticated system of trail-based communication and does not recruit to food. The trail-based communication system of Eucheira appears to represent an early stage in the evolution of cooperative foraging that is derived from, and motivationally linked to, conflict behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021000108290
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Harmonic Radar as a Means of Tracking the Pheromone-Finding and Pheromone-Following Flight of Male Moths (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 11 (1998), S. 287-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: radar tracking ; harmonic radar ; foraging flight ; Lepidoptera ; Agrotis segetum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021004209198
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repellency of pheromones released by females of Heliothis armigera and H. zea to females of both species (1981)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 30 (1981), S. 123-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Sex Pheromones ; Repellent ; Heliothis armigera ; Heliothis zea ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; cotton bollworm ; corn earworm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'examen en olfactomètre a porté sur les réactions face à d'autres femelles de la même espèce, de femelles vierges ou ayant copulé d'Heliothis armigera Hübner et H. zea Boddie. Le lot comprenait 8 femelles, vierges ou ayant copulé en présence d'une femelle vierge ou ayant copulé. Les 4 combinaisons possibles de femelles vierges et de femelles ayant copulé ont été examinées avec 12 répétitions pour chaque espèce. Un extrait de l'extrémité de l'abdomen de femelles vierges d'une espèce a été présenté aux femelles de l'autre espèce pour examiner les possibilités de réactions interspécifiques aux phéromones. Pour chaque espèce, les réactions interspécifiques de répulsion entre femelles ont été hautement significatives par rapport aux témoins, à l'exception toutefois des réactions de femelle ayant copulé face à des femelles ayant elles aussi copulé. Les répulsions moyennes chez H. armigera et H. zea pour les 8 femelles de chaque expérience ont été: a) vierges en présence d'une vierge: 7,33 et 7,66; b) vierges en présence d'une femelles ayant copulé: 5,76 et 5,58; c) femelles ayant copulé en présence d'une vierge: 4,67 et 4,83. Les différences sont hautement significatives entre chaque paire de moyennes et entre chaque paire et le lot témoin; 3,17; 3,17; 3,42; 4,00 pour H. armigera; 3,17; 3,50; 2,83 et 3,75 pour H. zea. Les femelles vierges des deux espèces, H. armigera et H. zea ont présenté une réaction de répulsion en présence d'un extrait de l'abdomen de l'autre espèce; les répulsions moyennes étant respectivement 5,53 et 5,33 contre 3,83 et 3,58 pour le lot trémoin. On peut en conclure que ces répulsions doivent entraîner une tendance à la répartition uniforme.
    Notes: Abstract An olfactometer was used to determine the effect of pheromones released by females of the bollworms Heliothis armigera (Hübner) and H. zea (Boddie) on females of the same species. Four combinations of virgin and mated females were tested for repellency of one to the other. Evidence is presented that females of the two bollworms were repelled by females of the same species. In addition, extracts of virgin female abdomens of each species repelled virgin females of the other species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300876
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stable transformation and regeneration of transgenic plants of Pinus radiata D. Don (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 17 (1998), S. 460-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key wordsPinus radiata ; Transformation ; Biolistic ; Embryogenic tissue
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A biolistic particle delivery system was used to genetically transform embryogenic tissue of Pinus radiata. The introduced DNA contained a uidA reporter gene under the control of either the tandem CaMV 35S or the artificial Emu promoter, and the npt II selectable marker controlled by the CaMV 35S promoter. The average number of stable, geneticin-resistant lines recovered was 0.5 per 200 mg fresh weight bombarded tissue. Expression of the uidA reporter gene was detected histochemically and fluorimetrically in transformed embryogenic tissue and in derived mature somatic embryos and regenerated plants. The integration of uidA and npt II genes into the Pinus radiata genome was demonstrated using PCR amplification of the inserts and Southern hybridisation analysis. The expression of both genes in transformed tissue was confirmed by Northern hybridisation analysis. More than 150 transgenic Pinus radiata plants were produced from 20 independent transformation experiments with four different embryogenic clones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050426
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of alaproclate on antipyrine metabolite formation in man (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 447-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: alaproclate ; antipyrine clearance ; serotonin reuptake inhibitor ; healthy volunteers ; antipyrine metabolism ; metabolite clearance ; alaproclate kinetics ; inhibition of drug metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Alaproclate, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, presently undergoing clinical trial for the treatment of major depressive disorders, has been shown to inhibit hexobarbital metabolism in mice. In the present study the influence of oral alaproclate on the total plasma clearance of antipyrine and on the formation of its metabolites was investigated in 10 healthy volunteers. The peak level of alaproclate was reached after about 1.5 h, and after a distribution phase, its plasma elimination half-life was between 3.0 and 3.5 h. Antipyrine tests were performed before treatment, during the first four doses and after the seventh dose of alaproclate 200 mg/day. During treatment, total plasma antipyrine clearance and the clearance for production of all antipyrine metabolites were reduced by 30%, indicating non-selective inhibition of oxidative drug-metabolizing enzyme activity in man by alaproclate. After the last dose of alaproclate, antipyrine plasma clearance and the clearance to its metabolites returned to control values. In order to allow more detailed evaluation of the results, the time course of the clearances for production of metabolites was investigated. This revealed that the extent of inhibition of metabolite formation by alaproclate was dependent on the plasma alaproclate level, indicating a rapidly reversible inhibition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00549593
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of the different metabolic pathways of antipyrine in man (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 21 (1982), S. 433-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: antipyrine ; antipyrine metabolites ; drug metabolism ; route of administration ; healthy volunteers ; urinary excretion ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine in plasma and saliva, and urinary excretion of its major metabolites, were studied following i.v. and oral administration of antipyrine 500 mg to 6 healthy volunteers. Data from both plasma and saliva showed that the oral bioavailability of antipyrine given as an aqueous solution was complete. The saliva/plasma concentration ratio was constant with time from about 3 h onwards, with a mean value of 0.87 after oral and 0.91 after i.v. administration. It is concluded that the pharmacokinetic parameters of antipyrine can be satisfactorily established on the basis of salivary data, although the volume of distribution and clearance values are then slightly too high. After i.v. administration, 3.8±1.9% of the dose was excreted in urine as unchanged antipyrine in 48h, 24.9±6.3% as 4-hydroxyantipyrine, 16.5±3.2% as norantipyrine, 13.0±2.2% as 3-hydroxymethyl-antipyrine and 5.8±1.0% as 3-carboxy-antipyrine. No significant differences were observed following oral administration. The half-lives calculated from the linear part of the urinary excretion rate curves of the metabolites were about the same for oral and i.v. administration, and were of the same order of magnitude as the elimination half-life of parent drug in plasma and saliva. It is important for determination of the ultimate metabolite ratio that urine is collected for at least 36h, because there is a delay in the excretion of 3-hydroxymethyl-antipyrine in urine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542332
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lysine accumulation in maize cell cultures transformed with a lysine-insensitive form of maize dihydrodipicolinate synthase (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 70-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Maize ; Transformation ; Lysine ; Dihydrodipicolinate synthase ; Aspartate kinase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lysine is one of the nutritionally limiting amino acids in food and feed products made from maize (Zea mays L.). Two enzymes in the lysine biosynthesis pathway, aspartate kinase (AK) and dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHPS), have primary roles in regulating the level of lysine accumulation in plant cells because both enzymes are feedback-inhibited by lysine. An isolated cDNA clone for maize DHPS was modified to encode a DHPS much less sensitive to lysine inhibition. The altered DHPS cDNA was transformed into maize cell suspension cultures to determine the effect on DHPS activity and lysine accumulation. Partially purified DHPS (wildtype plus mutant) from transformed cultures was less sensitive to lysine inhibition than wild-type DHPS from nontransformed cultures. Transformed cultures had cellular free lysine levels as much as four times higher than those of nontransformed controls. Thus, we have shown that reducing the feedback inhibition of DHPS by lysine can lead to increased lysine accumulation in maize cells. Increasing the capacity for lysine synthesis may be an important step in improving the nutritional quality of food and feed products made from maize.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222953
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction and constitutive expression of a rice chitinase gene in bread wheat using biolistic bombardment and the bar gene as a selectable marker (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 1296-1306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key wordsTriticum aestivum ; Transformation ; Microprojectile bombardment ; Chitinase gene ; bar gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Our long-term goal is to control wheat diseases through the enhancement of host plant resistance. The constitutive expression of plant defense genes to control fungal diseases can be engineered by genetic transformation. Our experimental strategy was to biolistically transform wheat with a vector DNA containing a rice chitinase gene under the control of the CaMV 35 S promoter and the bar gene under control of the ubiquitin promoter as a selectable marker. Immature embryos of wheat cv ‘Bobwhite’ were bombarded with plasmid pAHG11 containing the rice chitinase gene chi11 and the bar gene. The embryos were subcultured on MS2 medium containing the herbicide bialaphos. Calli were then transferred to a regeneration medium, also containing bialaphos. Seventeen herbicide-resistant putative transformants (T0) were selected after spraying with 0.2% Liberty, of which 16 showed bar gene expression as determined by the phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) assay. Of the 17 plants, 12 showed the expected 35-kDa rice chitinase as revealed by Western blot analysis. The majority of transgenic plants were morphologically normal and self-fertile. The integration, inheritance and expression of the chi11 and bar genes were confirmed by Southern hybridization, PAT and Western blot analysis of T0 and T1 transgenic plants. Mendelian segregation of herbicide resistance was observed in some T1 progenies. Interestingly, a majority of the T1 progeny had very little or no chitinase expression even though the chitinase transgene was intact. Because PAT gene expression under control of the ubiquitin promoter was unaffected, we conclude that the CaMV 35 S promoter is selectively inactivated in T1 transgenic wheat plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051022
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