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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A constitutive equation for creep in polymer concretes and their resin binders (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 353-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: We present here a method for superposing creep measurements on polymer concrete (PC), taken at different temperatures, imposed stresses, and resin contents, onto master curves, which describe the respective responses of various PC systems and their resin binders, to compressive, tensile, and flexural loads. This treatment is extended to systems reinforced with chopped glass fiber and montmorillonite (MMT). The general applicability of this superposition is tested with creep measurements by other investigators under tensile, compressive, and flexural loads. The results make it possible to predict the long-term creep behavior of unfilled as well as reinforced glassy polymer systems at different temperatures and load conditions from limited, short-term data. Success of the multiple superposition suggests a generalized constitutive equation, which describes the creep compliance of these systems as a product of separable functions of each parameter in the form of shift factors for temperature (αT), stress (ασ), resin content (αυ), fiber reinforcement (αF), and MMT reinforcement (αM): J(PC) = JrαTασαυαFαMtm, where Jr is an appropriately chosen reference creep compliance. The time exponent m does not depend on the chemical nature of the polymer matrix.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070360208
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infinite dilution fugacity coefficients and the general behavior of dilute binary systems (1986)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 1253-1262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A universally valid formal expression for the composition dependence of solute and solvent fugacity coefficients in any dilute binary system far from criticality is derived in this paper. In the present context, dilution denotes the y1 → O limit, regardless of the mixture's molar density. The results are independent of the system under study and of the choice of equation of state. The solute fugacity coefficient is simply the product of a composition-independent term (the infinite dilution fugacity coefficient) and an exponential decay composition correction. These two parameters have important thermodynamic implications: their temperature and pressure derivatives are related to the solute's partial molar enthalpy and volume, respectively. When applied to activity coefficients, the same theoretical analysis yields universal relationships for the composition dependence of activity coefficients which can be used as consistency checks for empirical correlations. The relationship between infinite dilution activity and fugacity coefficients can be used to estimate relative solubilities of a given solute in different solvents. Excellent agreement is found when the theoretical expressions are tested with three different binary systems involving a nonvolatile solid solute and a supercritical fluid.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690320804
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The molecular basis of temperature effects in supercritical extraction (1988)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 645-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The behavior of solute partial molar enthalpies in dilute supercritical mixtures gives rise to the well-known phenomenon of retrograde solubility (equilibrium solubility decreasing with increasing temperature at constant pressure). A mechanistic interpretation of this phenomenon in terms of the formation of large clusters of solvent molecules around solute molecules is consistent with experimentally observed retrograde behavior. Cluster formation occurs as a consequence of the unbounded increase in the solvent's compressibility arbitrarily close to the latter's critical point. At infinite dilution, the solute's partial molar volume and enthalpy grow linearly with cluster size. This means that the negative divergence of these quantities is simply a macroscopic manifestation of a “condensation” in which an increasing number of solvent molecules cluster around solute molecules. Arbitrarily close to the solvent's critical point, scaling relationships show that the decay of both solvent-solvent and solute-solvent correlation functions exhibits the same radial dependence. This functionality is thus solute-independent, and is determined exclusively by the proximity to the solvent's critical point. The locus along which thermal effects associated with cluster formation are maximized is arbitrarliy close to the solvent's critical isochore as the latter's critical point is approached.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690340414
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Derivation of the relationships between partial derivatives of legendre transforms (1986)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 1224-1226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690320723
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheological behavior of thermotropic flexible main-chain polyesters based on 4,4′-dioxy-2,2′-dimethyl azoxybenzene mesogens. I. Oscillatory shear behavior (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 24 (1986), S. 27-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The rheological properties of fractionated thermotropic nematic polyesters 4,4′-dioxy-2,2′-dimethyl azoxybenzenenonanediyl (n = 7) (AZA-9) and dodecanediyl (n = 10) (DDA-9) have been determined under oscillatory shear in the nematic and isotropic phase. A markedly more pronounced shear thinning characterizes the polydisperse DDA-9 polymer as compared to the fractionated polymer in the nematic state. This difference becomes less pronounced in the isotropic phase. In all cases, the elastic compliance J′ in the isotropic state is much lower than in the nematic state. The values of relaxation time λ, although lower in the isotropic state, are not very different in the nematic state. The loss tangent tan δ is significantly higher in the isotropic phase for lower molecular weights. For molecular weights of 13,000 and above, this difference becomes smaller and shifts to lower angular frequencies. For AZA-9 and DDA-9, ηω*→0 the limit of the dynamic viscosity can be represented by η* = Mna with a value of α similar for both phases and approximately equal to 4.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1986.180240104
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indications of an indirect process in the double ionization of carbon disulphide (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 2 (1988), S. 90-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290020506
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How are S2+· ions formed in electron collisions with linear S=C=S? (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 3 (1989), S. 24-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The energetics of S2+· ion formation in electron dissociative ionization of linear CS2 are investigated experimentally with a crossed-beam apparatus. Ab initio self-consistent-field molecular orbital (SCF MO) calculations of potential energy curves for low-lying electronic states of this ion have been made in order to explain how stable S2+· ions are formed, initially at the very large internuclear separation of 3.2 Å.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290030204
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enthalpy relaxation of filled copolymers (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 2315-2320 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Excess enthalpy following annealing at various periods of time at Tg -10°C was measured by differential scanning calorimetry of electrophotographic toners, copolymers of styrene and butyl methacrylate containing carbon black. An approximate equilibrium enthalpy relaxation after annealing the pure copolymers for one month was 3.30 kJ/kg for a copolymer with 66.5% styrene and 2.72 kJ/kg for a copolymer containing 49.8% styrene. The rate of enthalpy relaxation was reduced by increasing the styrene content of the pure copolymer. The incorporation of a carbon black with high surface area reduces the rate of enthalpy relaxation, increasing in effectiveness with butyl methacrylate concentration.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1985.070300604
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetohydrodynamic flow past a porous rotating disk in a circular magnetic field (1988)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 8 (1988), S. 659-669 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Magnetohydrodynamics ; Homotopy ; Quasi-Newton ; Rotating disk ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper studies the effects of a circular magnetic field on the flow of a conducting fluid about a porous rotating disk. Using modern quasi-Newton and globally convergent homotopy methods, numerical solutions are obtained for a wide range of magnetic field strengths, suction and injection velocities and Alfven and disk speeds. Results are presented graphically in terms of three non-dimensional parameters. There is excellent agreement with previous work and asymptotic formulae.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650080604
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of a native collagen gel substratum on the synthesis of collagen by bovine brain capillary endothelial cells (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 6 (1988), S. 209-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Endothelial cells ; Collagen synthesis ; Collagen matrix ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cultured capillary endothelial cells, derived from bovine brain, and maintained on a plastic substratum synthesized predominantly interstitial collagens of which approximately 75 per cent were secreted into the medium. When grown on a native hydrated collagen type I gel, although no marked alteration in the ‘collagen synthetic pattern’ was observed, the overall level of collagen synthesis was increased by approximately 100 per cent. More dramatic, however, was the alteration in the distribution of these molecules between medium and cell layer. Interstitial collagens produced by cells grown on collagen gels were almost exclusively associated with the cell layer or collagenous gel. These studies, thus, demonstrate that an extracellular matrix may exert a considerable influence on the cellular synthetic activities and possibly cellular polarity of capillary endothelial cells.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290060310
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