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  • Springer  (40)
  • American Physical Society  (14)
  • Annual Reviews  (6)
  • 2010-2014  (5)
  • 1985-1989  (55)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sedimentation of Noncolloidal Particles at Low Reynolds Numbers (1985)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 17 (1985), S. 91-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.17.010185.000515
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Solar Neutrinos (1989)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 39 (1989), S. 467-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 0163-8998
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ns.39.120189.002343
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Prospects for in Vitro Culture of Plant-Pathogenic Mycoplasmalike Organisms (1986)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 24 (1986), S. 339-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.24.090186.002011
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Parameter estimation in low order fractionally differenced ARMA processes (1989)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 3 (1989), S. 97-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): ARMA processes ; fractionally differencedARMA processes ; long memory ; spectral density ; maximum likelihood estimates
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A class of regression type estimators of the parameterd in a fractionally differencedARMA (p, q) process is introduced. This class is an extension of the estimator considered by Geweke and Porter-Hudak. In a simulation study, we compared three estimators from this class together with two approximate maximum likelihood estimators which are based on two separate approximations to the likelihood. One approximation ignores the determinant term in the likelihood and the other includes a compensating factor for the determinant. When the determinant term is included, the estimate tends to be much less biased and is in general superior to the other estimate. The approximate maximum likelihood estimator out performed, by a large margin, the regression type estimators for pureARIMA (0,d,0) processes. However, forARIMA (1,d,1) processes, a regression type estimator turned out to be the best for realizations of length 400 in 3 out of the 5 cases we tried.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01544075
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Partial match retrieval using recursive linear hashing (1985)
    Springer
    BIT 25 (1985), S. 477-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Schlagwort(e): partial match retrieval ; linear hashing ; dynamic files ; 3.74 ; 4.33 ; 4.34
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract Recursive linear hashing is a hashing technique proposed for files which can grow and shrink dynamically. The scheme is an extension of linear hashing, a method originally proposed by Litwin, but unlike Litwin's scheme, it does not require conventional overflow pages. In this paper, we investigate the application of recursive linear hashing to partial match retrieval problems. Consistent with the results for primary key retrieval, recursive linear hashing performs better than the conventional scheme on these problems, especially at high load factors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01935368
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Environmental factors influencing decomposition rates in two Antarctic moss communities (1986)
    Springer
    Polar biology 5 (1986), S. 95-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Rates of disappearance of dead material of Polytrichum alpestre and Chorisodontium aciphyllum from a moss turf community and of Drepanocladus uncinatus, Calliergon sarmentosum and Cephaloziella varians from a moss carpet community, measured using litter bags over 2 years, were 1.5% year-1. Decomposition potential, estimated using loss in tensile strength of cotton strips inserted into the different bryophytes on the two sites, was also low. Ranking the five plant species in order of decomposition potential, from highest to lowest, gave D. uncinatus, C. aciphyllum, C. sarmentosum, P. alpestre and C. varians. The time taken for the tensile strength of the cotton strips at depths of 1–3 and 4–6 cm beneath the surface to decline by 50% varied from 1–2 years under the first two species to 3–4 years beneath the last two species. The main causes of these slow rates were low temperatures, short active season and low pH. Differences in decomposition between species, sites and with depth were related to temperature, nutrient status, water content and anaerobic conditions. Variation in anaerobic conditions beneath D. uncinatus, C. sarmentosum and C. varians in the moss carpet resulted in wide variation of decomposition rate beneath these species and with depth beneath C. varians. The peat in the moss turf was aerobic and experienced higher temperatures, but the average decomposition rate was no higher than in the moss carpet, because the peat was of a poorer quality and had a lower pH.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00443381
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Photoluminescence detection of impurities introduced in silicon by dry etching processes (1986)
    Springer
    Applied physics 41 (1986), S. 175-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Schlagwort(e): 78.55DS ; 61.80Jh ; 71.35 +z
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract We report on a photoluminescence study of silicon samples subjected to different dry etching processes. Several luminescence lines, known from defects produced by high-energy irradiation, manifest damage of the crystalline material. Noble gas ion beam etching (using Ne+, Ar+, Kr+, and Xe+) with ion energies as low as 400 eV produces characteristic luminescence lines which correspond to defects within a 200–300 Å thick surface layer. Incorporation of carbon during CF4 reactive ion etching produces the familiar G-line defect. The G-line photoluminescence intensity in our samples is directly correlated with the substitutional carbon concentration, as determined by infrared absorption measurements before the etch process; we therefore suggest that a simple method to determine the substitutional carbon concentration in a crystalline silicon sample is a standard dry etching process and a comparison of the resulting G-line photoluminescence intensity to a calibrated sample. The sensitivity of this method seems to be better than 1014 carbon atoms/cm3.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616836
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Photosynthetic responses of native and introduced C4 grasses from Venezuelan savannas (1985)
    Springer
    Oecologia 67 (1985), S. 388-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Introduced African grasses are invading the grasslands of the Venezuelan savannas and displacing the native grasses. This work, which is part of a program to understand the reasons for the success of the African grasses, specifically investigates whether introduced and native grasses differ in some photosynthetic characteristics. The responses to photon flux density, leaf temperature, leaf-air vapour pressure difference and leaf water potential of leaf photosynthetic rate of two introduced African C4 grasses (Hyparrhenia rufa and Melinis minutiflora) and of a lowland and a highland population of a native Venezuelan grass (Trachypogon plumosus) grown under controlled conditions were compared. These responses in all three species were typical of tropical C4 pasture grasses. The introduced grasses had higher maximum leaf conductance, net photosynthetic rates, and optimum temperature (H. rufa only) for photosynthesis than T. plumosus. However, T. plumosus was able to continue photosynthesis to lower leaf water potentials than the two introduced grasses, and the efficiency which it utilized water, light and mineral nutrients to fix carbon were similar to those of the introduced grasses. The higher rates of leaf photosynthesis of the introduced grasses contributed to, but only partially explained, the higher growth rates compared to T. plumosus. The higher growth rates and nutrient concentration of the introduced grasses are consistent with their ability to establish rapidly, compete successfully for resources, and displace T. plumosus from moist, fertile sites. Conversely, the slower growth rate, lower nutrient concentrations, and superior water relations characteristics are consistent with the capacity of T. plumosus to resist invasion by introduced grasses in poorer sites.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384945
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Al−Si substitution in α-phase AIMnSi (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 24 (1989), S. 2177-2182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract The α-phase of the Al−Mn−Si ternary system has been precipitated from four liquid solutions (2.8 wt% Mn−3.7 wt% Si, 4.5 wt% Mn−7 wt% Si, 7.7 wt% Mn−10 wt% Si and 8.7 wt% Mn−12.6 wt% Si) and equilibrated slightly over the melting point of the (secondary) solid solution. Quenching into water enabled the precipitates to be separated from the solid solution and the co-nodal tie-lines for the α-phase and liquid to be determined. The silicon content varied from 9.8 to 11.8 wt%, while the manganese content, 29.6±0.6 wt%, did not vary significantly. The lattice parameter of the cubic unit cell decreased from 1.267 6(2) nm to 1.265 10(4) nm with increasing silicon. Neutron powder diffraction showed silicon to constitute approximately 50% of atoms on the icosahedral aluminium sublattices and 70% of a six-fold aluminium site in the interstices between the almost spherical, 54-atom clusters. This decrease in unit cell volume is interpreted as evidence for substitution of the silicon atoms on the six-fold sublattice.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02385438
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Methods of pH calibration of sedimentary diatom remains for reconstructing history of pH in lakes (1985)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 120 (1985), S. 69-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): diatoms ; lake acidification ; acidic precipitation ; paleolimnology ; pH
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The pH history of lakes can be inferred from diatom remains in dated sediment cores. To derive transfer functions for pH inference in acidic lakes, we counted diatoms in surface-sediment from 31 soft-water lakes in n. New England (NE) and 36 in Norway (N), covering pH 4.4–7.1. Cluster analysis of each data set indicates that pH 6 is an upper limit for a group of similar diatom assemblages. For each set, we developed multiple linear regressions to relate three versions of the diatom data to pH of surface-waters: (1) relative frequencies of selected diatom taxa, (2) the first principal component (1 PC) of these frequencies, and (3) the frequencies of Hustedt pH groups. Also, simple linear regressions were developed for two versions: (1) Index B and (2) Index Alpha, both based on pH groups. Regressions were run separately for lakes with pH ≤ 6; these are most relevant for pH inference in acidic lakes. The best regressions (N: taxa & 1 PC taxa) have r2 0.69–0.91 and Se 0.24–0.31 pH units, the worst (NE: log alpha) have r2 0.27–0.57 and Se 0.51. In all cases, errors for NE are greater than N, partly due to greater diversity of NE lakes. Regressions based on pH groups (directly & by indices) have smaller r2 and larger Se than those based on taxa and 1 taxa. The Index Alpha is least useful because its requirement for alkaline diatom units is unsatisfied at many acidic lakes. Regressions based on taxa may give erratic pH inferences due to sensitivity to unusual frequencies of individual taxa; this effect is reduced by using 1 PC taxa. Four regressions based on pH ≤ 6 lakes were used for inferring pH in a 210Pb dated core from Nedre Målmesvatn, N (now pH 4.6). There is good agreement among three of the four (not for the regression based directly on taxa) that there has been a decrease of ca. 0.6 pH units starting in the late 1800's.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034592
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