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  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Dihetero[2.2]orthometacyclophane ; Dynamic NMR spectroscopy ; Conformational analysis ; Ring interconversion of 9-membered ring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die N,N′-Ditosyl-diaza[2.2]orthometacyclophane5a, b wurden aus N,N-Ditosylmetaphenylendiamin durch Umsetzung mit (Z)-1,4-Dichlorbuten bzw. 1,2-Bisbrommethylbenzol gewonnen. Tieftemperatur-NMR-Untersuchungen ergaben, daß5b als 1:1 Mischung einer Sessel- und einer Bootkonformation des gespanntenE,Z-Diazanonadienringes vorliegt. Bei Raumtemperatur ist die zugehörige Ringinversion schnell in der NMR-Zeitskala, die entsprechenden Protonen in beiden Konformeren, auch die aller CH2-Brückenprotonen, ergeben gemittelte Signale. Bei tiefen Temperaturen wird zunächst die Inversion der Methylenbrücken eingefroren (Signale für zweiexo- und zweiendo-CH2-Protonen werden erhalten, ΔG ≠ ca. 52 kJ mol−1). Bei weiterer Temperatursenkung können nach Einfrieren eines zweiten dynamischen Prozesses Sessel- und Bootkonformer anhand von getrennten Signalsätzen identifiziert werden (die freie Aktivierungsenthalpie für den zugehörigen Sessel-Boot-Flip beträgt ΔG ≠ ca. 43.5 kJ mol−1). Die Zuordnung der1H- und13C-NMR-Resonanzen wurde mit Hilfe von zweidimensionalen NMR-Experimenten gesichert.
    Notes: Summary The N,N′-ditosyl-diaza[2.2]orthometacyclophanes5a, b were synthesized from N,N-ditosyl-metaphenylenediamine by reaction with (Z)-1,4-dichlorobutene and 1,2-bis-bromomethylbenzene, respectively. Low temperature NMR studies showed that the compound5b exists as a 1:1 mixture of chair and boat form of the strained (E,Z)-diazanonadiene ring. At room temperature all corresponding resonances are averaged on the NMR time scale (including all four ethylene bridge protons). Going to lower temperatures, in a first step the methylene bridge inversion is frozen (giving twoexo H and twoendo H, ΔG ≠ ca. 52kJmol−1). In a second step the chair and boat form can be observed separately (ΔG ≠ ca. 43.5 kJ mol−1 for the chair/boat flip). The assignments were confirmed by 2D NMR experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
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    In:  IPY 2012 Conference 'From Knowledge to Action' (Montréal 2012)
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 3
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    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 14, EGU2012-2382, 2012
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The quantification of emissions of the greenhouse gas methane is essential for attributing the roles of anthropogenic activity and natural phenomena in global climate change. Our current measurement systems and networks, whilst having improved during the last decades, are deficient in many respects. For example, the emissions from localised and point sources such as landfills or fossil fuel exploration sites are not readily assessed. A tool developed to better understand point sources of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane is the optical remote sensing instrument MAMAP (Methane airborne MAPper), operated from aircraft. After a recent instrument modification, retrievals of the column-averaged dry air mole fractions for methane XCH4 (or for carbon dioxide XCO2) derived from MAMAP data have a precision of about 0.4% or better and thus can be used to infer emission rate estimates using an optimal estimation inverse Gaussian plume model or a simple integral approach. CH4 emissions from two coal mine ventilation shafts in western Germany surveyed during the AIRMETH 2011 measurement campaign are used as examples to demonstrate and assess the value of MAMAP data for quantifying CH4 from point sources. While the knowledge of the wind is an important input parameter in the retrieval of emissions from point sources and is generally extracted from models, additional information from a turbulence probe operated on-board the same aircraft was utilised to enhance the quality of the emission estimates. Although flight patterns were optimised for remote sensing measurements, data from an in situ analyser for CH4 were found to be in good agreement with retrieved dry columns of CH4 from MAMAP and could be used to investigate and refine underlying assumptions for the inversion procedures. With respect to the total emissions of the mine at the time of the overflight, the inferred emission rate of 50.4 kt CH4 yr−1 has a difference of less than 1% compared to officially reported values by the mine operators, while the uncertainty, which reflects variability of the sources and conditions as well as random and systematic errors, is about ±13.5%.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The group „Young geoscientists” of the Senate Commission for Joint Geoscientific Research (Geokommisson, www.geokommission.de) of the German Research Foundation (DFG), is dedicated towards the development of the working environment, workforce and scientific outcome of the next generation of geoscientists in Germany. Geoscientific research – basic as, well as applied – provides crucial contributions for mastering the economic, environmental and societal challenges of the near and medium-term future. Politics and society call for immediate answers, while geoscientific phenomena are complex and act on a large range of temporal and spatial scales. These demands, together with increases mobility requirements, lead to increasing pressure especially on young geoscientists. In this situation the main goals of the group “Young geoscientists” are: • Promotion of networking among young geoscientists • Information about science policy developments, funding opportunities and other relevant matters • Representing the interests of young scientists towards (science)-policy makers The dynamic development of geoscientific research, particularly collaborations across traditional disciplines, as well as in increasing demands from public and policy, calls for a continuous integration of young scientists. We promote this process by organizing round-table discussions, e.g. on “Guaranteeing good scientific praxis” or on “Hot topics and research funding”, by communicating information via the internet and by identifying structural deficiencies that might hinder the advancement of the geosciences and reporting them to decision makers. In this context, we are looking for: • European or international collaborators • Young geoscientists wishing to participate in / contribute to our activities • Suggestions on how to improve working conditions of the young and advancing geoscientists Personal contact and details on the work of the „Young geoscientists” can be found at this poster presentation. More information can also be found on www.geonachwuchs.de or contact Dr. Ingo Sasgen, sasgen@gfz-potsdam.de
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 6
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    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 15, EGU2013-12914, 2013
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 7
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    In:  AGU 2011 Fall Meeting (San Francisco 2011)
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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  • 9
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    In:  Arctic Frontiers - Energies of the High North (Tromsø, Norway 2012)
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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