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  • Springer  (15)
  • Elsevier  (4)
  • 2010-2014  (4)
  • 1995-1999  (15)
  • 11
    Publication Date: 1995-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-4020
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-5416
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 12
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 357 (1997), S. 1198-1201 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  This study concerns the detection of natural steroid hormones in hair of cattle. Estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) were chosen as representatives of estrogens and androgens. In particular, the influence of age, sex and hair pigmentation on the steroid concentrations was investigated. Samples were obtained from numerous steers, cows, bulls, and female and male calves. The extraction procedure for E2 and T from hair comprised liquid-liquid and solid-phase extraction and was followed by an essential high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) step for further purification of the extracts. Final quantification was performed with specific enzyme immunoassays (EIA). Lower E2-concentrations were detected in the hair of some steers, cows, and bulls (approximately 1 ng/g), in several of these hair samples the concentrations of E2 were below the limit of detection. Testosterone was measured in the hair of steers (approximately 3 ng/g), cows (approximately 6 ng/g), and bulls (in average 15 ng/g). There was a significant difference in the testosterone concentrations of white (approximately 8 ng/g) and of black hair (approximately 33 ng/g) of bulls. In hair from all male and female calves, E2 and T were measured. The concentrations amounted approximately to 9 ng E2/g and 3 ng T/g for female calves and to 5 ng E2/g and 7 ng T/g for male calves. There was no significant influence of sex or hair colour on the steroid concentrations in hair of calves. The results suggest that the method is a powerful means to detect natural steroid hormones in hair of animal origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 72 (1995), S. 279-293 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Many theories of human Stereovision are based on feature matching and the related correspondence problem. In this paper, we present psychophysical experiments indicating that localized image features such as Laplacian zerocrossings, intensity extrema, or centroids are not necessary for binocular depth perception. Smooth one-dimensional intensity profiles were combined into stereograms with mirror-symmetric half-images such that these localized image features were either absent or did not carry stereo information. In a discrimination task, subjects were asked to distinguish between stereograms differing only by an exchange of these half-images (ortho- vs. pseudoscopic stereograms). In a depth ordering task, subjects had to judge which of the two versions appeared in front. Subjects are able to solve both tasks even in the absence of the mentioned image features. The performance is compared to various possible stereo mechanisms. We conclude that localized image features and the correspondences between them are not necessary to perceive stereoscopic depth. One mechanism accounting for our data is correlation or mean square difference.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 75 (1996), S. 187-198 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We describe two psychophysical experiments testing predictions of the square difference mechanism we have previously proposed for intensity–based stereo. Experiment 1 assesses the relative contributions of disparity and contrast to intensity–based stereo by measuring detection thresholds. The product of disparity and contrast at threshold is shown to be constant. In experiment 2, we measure quantitatively the global depth position perceived in stereograms of curved, smoothly shaded surfaces. The results show that disparity averaging over the surface involves a contrast-dependent weighting function. The results from both experiments are consistent with predictions derived from the square difference mechanism. The relation of this mechanism to feature correspondence stereopsis and shape–from–shading is discussed and a general framework for assessing the modularity of stereopsis is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. In homing tasks, the goal is often not marked by visible objects but must be inferred from the spatial relation to the visual cues in the surrounding scene. The exact computation of the goal direction would require knowledge about the distances to visible landmarks, information, which is not directly available to passive vision systems. However, if prior assumptions about typical distance distributions are used, a snapshot taken at the goal suffices to compute the goal direction from the current view. We show that most existing approaches to scene-based homing implicitly assume an isotropic landmark distribution. As an alternative, we propose a homing scheme that uses parameterized displacement fields. These are obtained from an approximation that incorporates prior knowledge about perspective distortions of the visual environment. A mathematical analysis proves that both approximations do not prevent the schemes from approaching the goal with arbitrary accuracy, but lead to different errors in the computed goal direction. Mobile robot experiments are used to test the theoretical predictions and to demonstrate the practical feasibility of the new approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 72 (1995), S. 279-293 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Many theories of human stereovision are based on feature matching and the related correspondence problem. In this paper, we present psychophysical experiments indicating that localized image features such as Laplacian zerocrossings, intensity extrema, or centroids are not necessary for binocular depth perception. Smooth one-dimensional intensity profiles were combined into stereograms with mirror-symmetric half-images such that these localized image features were either absent or did not carry stereo information. In a discrimination task, subjects were asked to distinguish between stereograms differing only by an exchange of these half-images (ortho- vs. pseudoscopic stereograms). In a depth ordering task, subjects had to judge which of the two versions appeared in front. Subjects are able to solve both tasks even in the absence of the mentioned image features. The performance is compared to various possible stereo mechanisms. We conclude that localized image features and the correspondences between them are not necessary to perceive stereoscopic depth. One mechanism accounting for our data is correlation or mean square difference.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 54 (1996), S. 262-262 
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Autonomous robots 5 (1998), S. 111-125 
    ISSN: 1573-7527
    Keywords: visual navigation ; topological maps ; environment modeling ; exploration ; cognitive maps ; mobile robots ; omnidirectional sensor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract We present a purely vision-based scheme for learning a topological representation of an open environment. The system represents selected places by local views of the surrounding scene, and finds traversable paths between them. The set of recorded views and their connections are combined into a graph model of the environment. To navigate between views connected in the graph, we employ a homing strategy inspired by findings of insect ethology. In robot experiments, we demonstrate that complex visual exploration and navigation tasks can thus be performed without using metric information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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