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  • Signal Transduction  (3)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (3)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • Oxford University Press
  • 2015-2019  (3)
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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-24
    Beschreibung: A marked bias towards risk aversion has been observed in nearly every species tested. A minority of individuals, however, instead seem to prefer risk (repeatedly choosing uncertain large rewards over certain but smaller rewards), and even risk-averse individuals sometimes opt for riskier alternatives. It is not known how neural activity underlies such important shifts in decision-making--either as a stable trait across individuals or at the level of variability within individuals. Here we describe a model of risk-preference in rats, in which stable individual differences, trial-by-trial choices, and responses to pharmacological agents all parallel human behaviour. By combining new genetic targeting strategies with optical recording of neural activity during behaviour in this model, we identify relevant temporally specific signals from a genetically and anatomically defined population of neurons. This activity occurred within dopamine receptor type-2 (D2R)-expressing cells in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), signalled unfavourable outcomes from the recent past at a time appropriate for influencing subsequent decisions, and also predicted subsequent choices made. Having uncovered this naturally occurring neural correlate of risk selection, we then mimicked the temporally specific signal with optogenetic control during decision-making and demonstrated its causal effect in driving risk-preference. Specifically, risk-preferring rats could be instantaneously converted to risk-averse rats with precisely timed phasic stimulation of NAc D2R cells. These findings suggest that individual differences in risk-preference, as well as real-time risky decision-making, can be largely explained by the encoding in D2R-expressing NAc cells of prior unfavourable outcomes during decision-making.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zalocusky, Kelly A -- Ramakrishnan, Charu -- Lerner, Talia N -- Davidson, Thomas J -- Knutson, Brian -- Deisseroth, Karl -- 1F31MH105151-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- 1F32MH105053-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2016 Mar 31;531(7596):642-6. doi: 10.1038/nature17400. Epub 2016 Mar 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Bioengineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. ; Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. ; CNC Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. ; Psychology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27007845" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Choice Behavior ; *Decision Making ; Humans ; Individuality ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Models, Neurological ; Models, Psychological ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Nucleus Accumbens/*cytology/*metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Receptors, Dopamine D2/*metabolism ; Reward ; *Risk Management ; Signal Transduction ; Uncertainty
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-03-26
    Beschreibung: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most prevalent birth defect, affecting nearly 1% of live births; the incidence of CHD is up to tenfold higher in human fetuses. A genetic contribution is strongly suggested by the association of CHD with chromosome abnormalities and high recurrence risk. Here we report findings from a recessive forward genetic screen in fetal mice, showing that cilia and cilia-transduced cell signalling have important roles in the pathogenesis of CHD. The cilium is an evolutionarily conserved organelle projecting from the cell surface with essential roles in diverse cellular processes. Using echocardiography, we ultrasound scanned 87,355 chemically mutagenized C57BL/6J fetal mice and recovered 218 CHD mouse models. Whole-exome sequencing identified 91 recessive CHD mutations in 61 genes. This included 34 cilia-related genes, 16 genes involved in cilia-transduced cell signalling, and 10 genes regulating vesicular trafficking, a pathway important for ciliogenesis and cell signalling. Surprisingly, many CHD genes encoded interacting proteins, suggesting that an interactome protein network may provide a larger genomic context for CHD pathogenesis. These findings provide novel insights into the potential Mendelian genetic contribution to CHD in the fetal population, a segment of the human population not well studied. We note that the pathways identified show overlap with CHD candidate genes recovered in CHD patients, suggesting that they may have relevance to the more complex genetics of CHD overall. These CHD mouse models and 〉8,000 incidental mutations have been sperm archived, creating a rich public resource for human disease modelling.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4617540/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4617540/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, You -- Klena, Nikolai T -- Gabriel, George C -- Liu, Xiaoqin -- Kim, Andrew J -- Lemke, Kristi -- Chen, Yu -- Chatterjee, Bishwanath -- Devine, William -- Damerla, Rama Rao -- Chang, Chienfu -- Yagi, Hisato -- San Agustin, Jovenal T -- Thahir, Mohamed -- Anderton, Shane -- Lawhead, Caroline -- Vescovi, Anita -- Pratt, Herbert -- Morgan, Judy -- Haynes, Leslie -- Smith, Cynthia L -- Eppig, Janan T -- Reinholdt, Laura -- Francis, Richard -- Leatherbury, Linda -- Ganapathiraju, Madhavi K -- Tobita, Kimimasa -- Pazour, Gregory J -- Lo, Cecilia W -- HG000330/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM060992/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01MH094564/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL098180/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01HL098180/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01HL098188/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 May 28;521(7553):520-4. doi: 10.1038/nature14269. Epub 2015 Mar 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201, USA. ; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA. ; Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA. ; 1] Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206, USA [2] Intelligent Systems Program, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 16260, USA. ; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA. ; The Heart Center, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC 20010, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25807483" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cilia/genetics/*pathology/physiology/ultrasonography ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Electrocardiography ; Exome/genetics ; Genes, Recessive ; Genetic Testing ; Heart Defects, Congenital/*genetics/*pathology/ultrasonography ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation/genetics ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-03-04
    Beschreibung: Inflammation promotes regeneration of injured tissues through poorly understood mechanisms, some of which involve interleukin (IL)-6 family members, the expression of which is elevated in many diseases including inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer. Here we show in mice and human cells that gp130, a co-receptor for IL-6 cytokines, triggers activation of YAP and Notch, transcriptional regulators that control tissue growth and regeneration, independently of the gp130 effector STAT3. Through YAP and Notch, intestinal gp130 signalling stimulates epithelial cell proliferation, causes aberrant differentiation and confers resistance to mucosal erosion. gp130 associates with the related tyrosine kinases Src and Yes, which are activated on receptor engagement to phosphorylate YAP and induce its stabilization and nuclear translocation. This signalling module is strongly activated upon mucosal injury to promote healing and maintain barrier function.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4447318/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4447318/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Taniguchi, Koji -- Wu, Li-Wha -- Grivennikov, Sergei I -- de Jong, Petrus R -- Lian, Ian -- Yu, Fa-Xing -- Wang, Kepeng -- Ho, Samuel B -- Boland, Brigid S -- Chang, John T -- Sandborn, William J -- Hardiman, Gary -- Raz, Eyal -- Maehara, Yoshihiko -- Yoshimura, Akihiko -- Zucman-Rossi, Jessica -- Guan, Kun-Liang -- Karin, Michael -- CA118165-09/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA132809/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DP2 OD008469/OD/NIH HHS/ -- EY022611/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R00 DK088589/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA118165/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Mar 5;519(7541):57-62. doi: 10.1038/nature14228. Epub 2015 Feb 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA [2] Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA [3] Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan [4] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan. ; 1] Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA [2] Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. ; 1] Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA [2] Fox Chase Cancer Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA. ; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. ; 1] Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA [2] Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA [3] Department of Biology, Lamar University, PO Box 10037, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA. ; 1] Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA [2] Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA [3] Children's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. ; Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. ; Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92161, USA. ; Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. ; 1] Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA [2] CSRC and BIMRC, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, USA. ; Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. ; 1] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan [2] Japan Science and Technology Agency, CREST, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan. ; 1] Inserm, UMR 1162, Genomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides, IUH, Paris 75010, France [2] Universite Paris Descartes, Labex Immuno-oncology, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Faculte de Medicine, Paris 75006, France. ; 1] Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA [2] Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. ; 1] Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA [2] Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA [3] Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25731159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/*metabolism ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cytokine Receptor gp130/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enzyme Activation ; Epithelial Cells/*cytology/metabolism/pathology ; HEK293 Cells ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Inflammation/*metabolism/pathology ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/metabolism/pathology ; Intestinal Mucosa/*cytology/metabolism/pathology ; Mice ; Phosphoproteins/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-yes/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)/*metabolism ; Receptors, Notch/metabolism ; *Regeneration ; Signal Transduction ; Up-Regulation
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
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