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  • Springer  (97)
  • National Academy of Sciences  (7)
  • Elsevier  (6)
  • 2015-2019  (85)
  • 1970-1974  (25)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 15 (1972), S. 305-318 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die räumliche Verteilung und die Stichproben-Eigenschaften der Larven und Imagines von Aeneolamia varia saccharina und A. postica jugata, Kardinalschädlinge des Zuckerrohrs auf Trinidad bzw. Belize, wurden mit Hilfe von Taylor's Potenzgesetz als Modellverteilung untersucht. Bei A. v. saccharina wurde für die Larven zwischen den Bülten eine haufenweise Verteilung gefunden, während die Erwachsenen zwischen den Stengeln zufällig verteilt sind. Dagegen war die Verteilung zwischen den Entnahmestellen der Larven und Adulten von A. p. jugata klumpenförmig. Die biologische Bedeutung dieser Verteilungen wird diskutiert. Es werden Kurven dargestellt, welche die näherungsweise Größe von einfachen Zufallsstichproben angeben, die zur Schätzung mit bekannter Irrtumswahrscheinlichkeit über einen Bereich von Populationsdichten erforderlich sind. Andere Kurven verdeutlichen die Stufen der Irrtumswahrscheinlichkeit, die von bestimmten Stichprobenumfängen erzeugt werden, wie sie gewöhnlich in Bekämpflungsverfahren benutzt oder für Lebenserwartungsuntersuchungen vorgeschlagen werden. Für die Berechnung beider Arten werden genaue fraktionierte Potenzfunktionen angegeben. Von den üblichen Transformationen sind Logarithmen für die Zählungen von a. v. saccharina-Larven und Quadratwurzeln für die Erwachsenen von A. v. saccharina sowie beide Stadien von A. p. jugata geeignet.
    Notes: Abstract The spatial distribution and sampling of Aeneolamia varia saccharina and Aeneolamia postica jugata were investigated using Taylor's Power Law as the distribution model. A. v. saccharina nymphs were aggregated whereas the adults were distributed at random. In contrast, both the nymphs and adults of A. p. jugata were slightly aggregated. The sizes of simple random samples required to give population estimates with known levels of error, and the levels of error generated by sample sizes commonly used in control schemes or proposed for ecological studies, are illustrated. Exact power transformations are given. Of the common transformations, logarithms are appropriate for counts of A. v. saccharina nymphs and square roots for A. v. saccharina adults and both stages of A. p. jugata.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 14 (1971), S. 319-332 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Un appareil a été construit en vue d'étudier le comportement des larves et nymphes d'Aedes taeniorhynchus soumises à un gradient de température, sous des conditions d'éctairement uniforme. Les larves étaient élevées à une température de 30° et soumises au test avec ou sans possibilité de se nourrir avant ou pendant les périodes d'observation. Les larves nonalimentées manifestaient un preferendum pour des limites de température plus larges et légèrement plus basses que celles observées avec des larves nourries. Ces dernières, à tous les stades larvaires, montrent un preferendum de 30° à 38°, mais le calcul de la température moyenne préférée révèle un accroissement progressif avec l'âge, passant de 31°8 au 1er stade larvaire à 34°6 au début du 4ème stade larvaire. Les larves du 4ème stade, peu avant la nymphose, préfèrent une température légèrement plus basse (moyenne de 33°). Dans un élevage, maintenu pendant plusieurs années au laboratoire à une température de 27°, les larves du début du 4ème stade montrent une réponse presque identique à celles provenant de femelles capturées dans la nature. Quand les larves sont élevées pendant une génération à 24° en lieu de 30° la moyenne du preferendum thermique pour les jeunes larves du 4ème stade est légèrement plus faible (33°5 au lieu de 34°6). Des observations au moyen de photographies par flash électronique montrent que le preferendum thermique est le même à la lumière ou à l'obsurité.
    Notes: Abstract An apparatus was built to investigate the behavior of Aedes taeniorhynchus larvae and pupae under uniform illumination in a temperature gradient. Larvae were reared at 30.0° C and tested with and without access to food prior to and during the periods of observation. Preferred ranges for starved larvae were greater and spread over slightly lower temperatures than those selected by fed individuals. Fed larvae in all instars preferred the same approximate range, from 30° to 38°, but calculated average preferred temperatures disclosed a progressive increase with age, from 31.8° in the first instar to 34.6° in the early fourth instar. Late fourthinstar larvae (approaching pupation) chose slightly cooler temperatures (average of 33.0°). Animals from a laboratory colony cultured for several years at 27.0° gave, in the early fourth instar, a response almost identical to that shown by progeny of wild-caught females. When temperature for early fourth-instar larvae was slightly lower (33.5° compared with 34.6°). Observations by means of flash photography showed that the range of temperature selected by fed early fourth-instar larvae in total darkness was the same as under uniform illumination.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 1 (1972), S. 377-386 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Conductance ; aqueous solutions ; sodium glycodeoxycholate ; sodium taurodeoxycholate ; lecithin ; bile salts ; micelles ; gallbladder ; cholesterol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The conductance of aqueous solutions of sodium glycodeoxycholate and sodium taurodeoxycholate displays a complex concentration dependence (0–0.5 C) with a maximum and minimum occurring in dilute solutions. This behavior can be related to physiologic concentrations observed in hepatic and gallbladder bile and interpreted in terms of anion dimerization and ultimately micellization. The addition of lecithin in 1:2 or 1:5 molar ratios results in micellization at lower concentration, disappearance of the maximum and minimum in the conductance curve, and a decrease in the total conductance.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Ultrasonics ; relaxation ; ion association ; tetraalkylammonium halides ; hydrogen-bonded solvent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Ultrasonic absorption measurements have been carried out in aqueous solutions of Bu4NCl, Bu4NBr, Bu4NI, Me4NCl, and LiCl in 2-propanol over the frequency range 15–250 MHz. A single relaxation frequency was observed for each system. All the data were found to be consistent with a 2-step association mechanism in which the rate-determining step was the diffusion of the ions to form a solventseparated ion pair, followed by rapid desolvation to form the contact ion pair. Measured association rate constants were very nearly those predicted for a diffusion-controlled process.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 1 (1972), S. 499-506 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Conductance ; cyclic polyethers ; association constants ; alkali metals ; polyether ; cation complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Precise conductance measurements are reported for sodium, potassium, and cesium salts in methanol and acetonitrile solutions containing cyclic polyethers dibenzo-18-crown-6 and dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6. Decreases in equivalent conductance caused by the addition of a cyclic polyether to solutions of constant ionic strength were analyzed by nonlinear least squares to give association constants and equivalent conductances of the cation-polyether complex. The selectivity observed for the complexing is a function not only of ionic size but also of solvent.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 2 (1973), S. 193-216 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Ion association ; hydrogen-bonded solvents ; non-aqueous solvents ; conductance ; diffusion ; ultrasonics ; electrolyte solutions ; fluorinated alcohols ; solvent mixtures ; water structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Studies on ionic association in hydrogen-bonding solvents including water, aliphatic alcohols, fluorinated alcohols, formamide, ethylene glycol, and propanol-acetone mixtures are compared. Data were derived from measurements of conductivity, ultrasonic absorption, and viscosity of electrolyte solutions and diffusion of nonelectrolytes. It is concluded that electrolyte solvents can be divided into three categories according to whether they solvate effectively cations only, anions only, or both cations and anions. Water and most other hydrogenbonding solvents constitute the third class, a group in which patterns of ionic aggregation are very similar. Fluorinated alcohols belong to the second class, showing significantly different ion-pairing behavior.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 3 (1974), S. 757-769 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Conductance ; divalent salts ; H2O ; D2O ; ionic association
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Precise conductance measurements are reported for potassiumm-benzenedisulfonate and ferricyanide, for calcium, strontium, barium, and manganese chloride, and for manganese and potassium sulfate in D2O at 25°C. Measurements were also carried out in water at 10 and 25°C for all the salts with the exception of K3Fe(CN)6 at 10°C. Two runs are reported for sodium sulfate in water at 25°C. Limiting conductances of these ions are discussed in terms of solvent structural effects. The association constant for MnSO4 is found to be the same in H2O and D2O.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe von hoch- und niederauflösender Massenspektroskopie sowie Daten eines Gas-chromatograph-Massenspektrometer-Computer-Systems wurden die Droge Darvon3 sowie eine Reihe ihrer Metaboliten im Harn eines Überdosispatienten nachgewiesen.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1823
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 387-391 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Acetanilide ; diphenylhydantoin ; D-glucaric acid ; induction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of a single-dose acetanilide (AA) test, and the urinary D-glucaric acid output (UDGAO) were studied in healthy drug free volunteer subjects before and at the end of a fourteen-day period of medication with 5 mg diphenylhydantoin sodium (DPH) per kg metabolically active mass, thrice daily. The steady state plasma concentration (SSPC) of DPH was also determined. The SSPC of DPH was found to vary from 3.4 to 19.6 µg per ml. The mean UDGAO values increased significantly during DPH medication from 9.5 µmol per g creatinine to 29.5 (p〈0.002). The half-life of plasma AA concentration decreased significantly during DPH medication from a mean of 4.2 h to a mean of 2.8 (p〈0.001). However, the plasma clearance of AA did not change significantly during DPH medication. The increase of UDGAO whilst on treatment with DPH correlated positively with the SSPC of DPH. The evidence from this study suggests that measurement of UDGAO, which is a measure of the activity of the glucuronic pathway does not necessarily indicate the state of induction of oxidizing enzymes in the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum.
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