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  • 1
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    Gate-controlled low carrier density superconductors: Toward the two-dimensional BCS-BEC crossover (2018)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-25
    Description: Author(s): Y. Nakagawa, Y. Saito, T. Nojima, K. Inumaru, S. Yamanaka, Y. Kasahara, and Y. Iwasa Superconductivity mostly appears in high carrier density systems and sometimes exhibits common phase diagrams in which the critical temperature T c continuously develops with carrier density. Superconductivity enhanced in the lightly doped regime has seldom been reported, although it is an ideal dire... [Phys. Rev. B 98, 064512] Published Fri Aug 24, 2018
    Keywords: Superfluidity and superconductivity
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 2
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    Nrf2 up-regulates the induction of acidic sphingomyelinase by electrophiles (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-29
    Description: Acidic sphingomyelinase (ASMase) catalyses the generation of ceramide from sphingomyelin. Ceramide is a lipid mediator and is implicated in mediating and regulating various cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, stress response and inflammation. We have previously reported that electrophiles including diethyl maleate (DEM), heavy metals and cigarette smoke extracts induced ASMase expression in human bladder carcinoma ECV-304 cells, but the mechanism of ASMase mRNA induction by electrophiles remains unknown. In this study, we clarified the involvement of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the induction of ASMase mRNA by DEM. Promoter analysis using a series of deletion mutants of the human ASMase gene showed that ARE-like element1 located in a region between –200 and –160 bp upstream of the transcription start point is mainly a DEM-responsive element. Moreover, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay using ARE-like element1 revealed that Nrf2 is a candidate transcription factor that binds to ARE-like element1 in response to DEM. Finally, alteration of Nrf2 expression by overexpression and knockdown could regulate the induction of ASMase mRNA by DEM. This is the first evidence that supports the possibility that sphingolipid metabolism is affected via the induction of ASMase by the Nrf2 pathway.
    Print ISSN: 0021-924X
    Electronic ISSN: 1756-2651
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Biochemical Society (JBS).
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  • 3
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    Correlation between Coulomb stress imparted by the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and seismicity rate change in Kanto, Japan (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-13
    Description: We studied the seismicity rate increase in the Kanto region around Tokyo following the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake ( M w 9.0) to examine whether this increase was correlated with the static increases in the Coulomb failure function (CFF) of the Tohoku-Oki earthquake sequence. Because earthquakes in the Kanto region exhibit various focal mechanisms, the receiver faults for the CFF were assumed to be the focal mechanism solutions for nearly 19 000 earthquakes that previously occurred. Our results showed that the number of earthquakes for which the mechanism solutions had a positive CFF (~12 000) is much larger than those that had a negative CFF (~2000). Comparison of the CFF values for earthquakes before and after the Tohoku-Oki earthquake showed that the latter had more positive values; this supports the hypothesis that the coseismic stress change transferred from the Tohoku-Oki earthquake sequence is the major contributing factor to the increased seismicity rate in the Kanto region.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 4
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    Crystal structures and ligand binding of PurM proteins from Thermus thermophilus and Geobacillus kaustophilus (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-24
    Description: Crystal structures of 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide (AIR) synthetase, also known as PurM, from Thermus thermophilus ( Tt ) and Geobacillus kaustophilus ( Gk ) were determined. For Tt PurM, the maximum resolution was 2.2 Å and the space group was P 2 1 2 1 2 with four dimers in an asymmetric unit. For Gk PurM, the maximum resolution was 2.2 Å and the space group was P 2 1 2 1 2 with one monomer in asymmetric unit. The biological unit is dimer for both Tt PurM and Gk PurM and the dimer structures were similar to previously determined structures of PurM in general. For Tt PurM, ~50 residues at the amino terminal were disordered in the crystal structure whereas, for Gk PurM, the corresponding region covered the ATP-binding site forming an α helix in part, suggesting that the N-terminal region of PurM changes its conformation upon binding of ligands. FGAM binding site was predicted by the docking simulation followed by the MD simulation based on the SO 4 2– binding site found in the crystal structure of Tt PurM.
    Print ISSN: 0021-924X
    Electronic ISSN: 1756-2651
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Biochemical Society (JBS).
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  • 5
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    Induction of broadly cross-reactive cytotoxic T cells recognizing an HIV-1 envelope determinant (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-17
    Description: An immunodominant determinant for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) exists in the hypervariable portion of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) gp160. Three mouse CTL lines (specific for isolates MN, RF, and IIIB) were examined for recognition of homologous determinants from distinct isolates. Only MN-elicited CTLs showed extensive interisolate cross-reactivity. Residue 325 played a critical role in specificity, with MN-elicited CTLs responding to peptides with an aromatic or cyclic residue and IIIB-induced cells recognizing peptides with an aliphatic residue at this position. CTL populations with broad specificities were generated by restimulation of IIIB-gp160 primed cells with MN-type peptides that have an aliphatic substitution at 325. This represents an approach to synthetic vaccines that can generate broadly cross-reactive CTLs capable of effector function against a wide range of HIV isolates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Takahashi, H -- Nakagawa, Y -- Pendleton, C D -- Houghten, R A -- Yokomuro, K -- Germain, R N -- Berzofsky, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 17;255(5042):333-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1372448" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines/immunology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cross Reactions ; Epitopes/immunology ; Gene Products, env/genetics/*immunology ; HIV Antigens/immunology ; HIV Envelope Protein gp160 ; HIV-1/*immunology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Precursors/genetics/*immunology ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology ; Vaccination
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Functional activation of Jak1 and Jak3 by selective association with IL-2 receptor subunits (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-11
    Description: The interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) consists of three subunits: the IL-2R alpha, IL-2R beta, and IL-2R gamma chains, the last of which is also used in the receptors for IL-4, IL-7, and IL-9. Stimulation with IL-2 induces the tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the Janus kinases Jak1 and Jak3. Jak1 and Jak3 were found to be selectively associated with the "serine-rich" region of IL-2R beta and the carboxyl-terminal region of IL-2R gamma, respectively. Both regions were necessary for IL-2 signaling. Furthermore, Jak3-negative fibroblasts expressing reconstituted IL-2R became responsive to IL-2 after the additional expression of Jak3 complementary DNA. Thus, activation of Jak1 and Jak3 may be a key event in IL-2 signaling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miyazaki, T -- Kawahara, A -- Fujii, H -- Nakagawa, Y -- Minami, Y -- Liu, Z J -- Oishi, I -- Silvennoinen, O -- Witthuhn, B A -- Ihle, J N -- P30 CA21765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK42932/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 11;266(5187):1045-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Interleukin-2/*pharmacology ; Janus Kinase 1 ; Janus Kinase 3 ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Interleukin-2/chemistry/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tyrosine/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Multipoint reweighting method and its applications to lattice QCD (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-07
    Description: Author(s): R. Iwami, S. Ejiri, K. Kanaya, Y. Nakagawa, D. Yamamoto, and T. Umeda (WHOT-QCD Collaboration) The reweighting method is widely used in numerical studies of QCD, in particular, for the cases in which the conventional Monte Carlo method cannot be applied directly, e.g., finite density QCD. However, the application range of the reweighing method is restricted due to several problems. One of the… [Phys. Rev. D 92, 094507] Published Fri Nov 06, 2015
    Keywords: Lattice Methods
    Print ISSN: 0556-2821
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-4918
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of an organic superlattice film by molecular beam deposition (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 2826-2830 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A superlattice film of 5, 10, 15, 20 tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP; C44H30N4) and 5, 10, 15, 20 tetraphenylporphyrinato zinc (ZnTPP; C44H28N4Zn) was grown on a hydrogen terminated surface of Si (100) wafer which was kept at −25 °C. The organic molecular beam deposition technique was used for the fabrication under ultrahigh vacuum between 3×10−9 and 3×10−10 Torr. The small angle x-ray diffraction study has revealed that the period of the superlattice was 4.4 nm, which was also confirmed by the oscillation of the same period observed in a secondary ion mass spectrometry depth profile of Zn. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurement indicated that the quasi-planar molecules of H2TPP and ZnTPP were inclined at an angle of 70° with respect to the substrate surface. The film surface was very flat and any roughness could not be detected by field emission secondary electron microscope observation. An atomic force microscope (AFM) therefore was used to investigate the surface. The root mean square roughness calculated from the AFM image was 0.37 nm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353059
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport critical currents in field-oriented Y1Ba2Cu3Oy polycrystals (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 800-807 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Field-orientedY1Ba2Cu3Oy samples with various values of the transport critical current density, Jc, have been prepared with various heat treatments. The Jc increased rapidly with an increase in relative sintered density of the oriented samples. The field-oriented samples with higher Jc had grains of larger sizes and better connections between the neighboring grains than the low Jc samples. The maximum values of Jc at a magnetic field of 7 T were 370 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and 24 A/cm2 at 77 K. The hysteresis in the Jc-H curves at 4.2 K decreased with an increase in Jc both for an applied field H(parallel)ab plane and for H(parallel)c axis. The critical currents of the samples with higher Jc were less degraded by aging in the air for 1 year than those of the low Jc samples. The relation between the field-cooled Jc-H curves and the zero-field-cooled ones for an oriented sample with low Jc is qualitatively interpreted by the effect of the intragrain currents on the intergrain fields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351372
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-field magnetization process in randomly diluted metamagnet Fe1−xMgxTiO3 : 35TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS San Diego, California (USA) 29 Oct−1 Nov 1990 (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 4819-4821 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The high-field magnetization process in the randomly diluted metamagnet Fe1−xMgxTiO3 has been investigated in single crystal samples with x≤0.3 by using dc magnetic fields of up to 300 kOe generated by a hybrid magnet. In contrast to the sharp metamagnetic transition along the hexagonal c axis observed in FeTiO3, the diluted compounds show a considerable smearing in the transition with increasing Mg concentration. When the field is applied along the a axis at 4.2 K, a sudden jump in magnetization occurs at 235 kOe in FeTiO3, while no anomaly is observed up to 300 kOe along the a* axis which is taken to be perpendicular to both c and a axes. The jump field is lower in the diluted compounds. For the sample with x=0.185 we have also observed an anomalous increase in magnetization along the a* axis at 270 kOe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348241
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