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  • GEOPHYSICS  (53)
  • Astrophysics  (17)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (12)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
  • 2015-2019  (14)
  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • 1985-1989  (67)
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Keywords
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Average plasma and magnetic field variations in the distant magnetotail associated with near-earth substorm effects (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 92; 71-81
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  • 2
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    Enhancements of energetic ions associated with travelling compression regions in the deep geomagnetic tail (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: This paper presents a representative example of an enhancement in energetic ion flux associated with the International Sun-Earth Explorer 3 (ISEE 3) spacecraft's encounter with a traveling compression region (TCR). Data from the energetic particle anisotropy spectrometer (EPAS) instrument on ISEE 3 are studied, along with magnetic field data from the vector helium magnetometer. It is concluded that the ion enhancements seen are spatial in nature, thus supporting the idea that TCRs are the lobe signatures of plasmoids moving along the magnetotail, away from earth.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 92; 64-70
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  • 3
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    Strong electron bidirectional anisotropies in the distant tail - ISEE 3 observations of polar rain (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A detailed observational treatment of bidirectional electrons (about 50 to 500 eV) in the distant magnetotail (r not below 100 earth radii) is presented. It is found that electrons in this energy range commonly exhibit strong, field-aligned anisotropies in the tail lobes. Because of large tail motions, the ISEE 3 data provide extensive sampling of both the north and south lobes in rapid succession. These data directly demonstrate the strong asymmetries that exist between the north and south lobes at any one time. The bidirectional fluxes are found to occur predominantly in the lobe directly connected to the sunward interplanetary magnetic field in the open magnetosphere model (north lobe for away sectors and south lobe for toward sectors). Electron anisotropy and magnetic field data are presented which show the transition from unidirectional (sheath) electron populations to bidirectional (lobe) populations. The open nature of the distant magnetopause is demonstrated and it is shown that the source of the higher-energy, bidirectional lobe electrons is the tailward directed electron heat flux population in the distant magnetosheath. Taken together, the present evidence suggests that the bidirectional electrons that were observed in the distant tail are closely related to the polar rain electrons observed previously at lower altitudes. Furthermore, these data provide strong evidence that the distant tail is composed largely of open magnetic field lines in contradistinction to some recently advanced models.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 91; 5637-566
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  • 4
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    A model of impulsive acceleration and transport of energetic particles in Mercury's magnetosphere (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A qualitative model of substorm processes in the Mercury magnetosphere is presented based on Mariner 10 observations obtained in 1974-1975. The model is predicated on close analogies observed with the terrestrial case. Particular emphasis is given to energetic particle phenomena as observed by Mariner on March 29, 1974. The suggestion is supported that energetic particles up to about 500 keV are produced by strong induced electric fields at 3 to about 6 Mercury radii in the Hermean tail in association with substorm neutral line formation. The bursts of energetic particles produced are, in this model, subsequently confined on closed field lines near Mercury and drift adiabatically on quasi-trapped orbits for many tens of seconds. Such gradient and curvature drift of the particles can explain prominent periodicities of 5-10 s seen in the Mariner for greater than 170-keV electron flux profiles.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 91; 8742-874
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  • 5
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    Highly relativistic magnetospheric electrons - A role in coupling to the middle atmosphere? (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Twenty-seven-day periodic enhancements of the relativistic electrons are observed in association with concurrently measured solar wind streams, and a numerical transport code is used to investigate the coupling of these high-energy electrons to earth's upper and middle atmosphere. When precipitated, these electrons are found to show a large energy deposition at 40-60 km altitude which is 3-4 orders of magnitude greater than the galactic cosmic ray or solar EUV energy deposition at these altitudes. It is suggested that this electron population could play a role in coupling solar wind and magnetospheric variability to the middle atmosphere through a modulating effect on lower D-region ionization and possibly on upper level ozone chemistry.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 14; 1027-103
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  • 6
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    Radio-interferometric imaging of the subsurface emissions from the planet Mercury (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The distribution of total and polarized intensities from Mercury's subsurface layers have been mapped using VLA observations. The first detection of a hot pole along the Hermean equator is reported and modeled as black-body reradiation from preferential diurnal heating. These observations appear to rule out any internal sources of heat within Mercury. Polarized emission from the limb of the planet is also found, and is understood in terms of the dielectric properties of the Hermean surface.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 329; 224-226
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  • 7
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    Plasma and magnetic field variations in the distant magnetotail associated with near-earth substorm effects (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Examination of many individual event periods in the ISEE 3 deep-tail data set has suggested that magnetospheric substorms produce a characteristic pattern of effects in the distant magnetotail. During the growth, or tail-energy-storage phase of substorms, the magnetotail appears to grow diametrically in size, often by many earth radii. Subsequently, after the substorm expansive phase onset at earth, the distant tail undergoes a sequence of plasma, field, and energetic-particle variations as large-scale plasmoids move rapidly down the tail following their disconnection from the near-earth plasma sheet. ISEE 3 data are appropriate for the study of these effects since the spacecraft remained fixed within the nominal tail location for long periods. Using newly available auroral electrojet indices (AE and AL) and Geo particle data to time substorm onsets at earth, superposed epoch analyses of ISEE 3 and near-earth data prior to, and following, substorm expansive phase onsets have been performed. These analyses quantify and extend substantially the understanding of the deep-tail pattern of response to global substorm-induced dynamical effects.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 8
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    Bidirectional electron anisotropies in the distant tail - ISEE 3 observations of polar rain (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A detailed observational treatment of bidirectional electrons (50 approx. 500 eV) in the distant magnetotail (or greater than or equal to 100 R sub E) is presented. It is found that electrons in this energy range commonly exhibit strong, field aligned anisotropies in the tail lobes. Because of large tail motions, the ISEE-3 data provide extensive sampling of both the north and south lobes in rapid succession, demonstrating directly the strong asymetries that exist between the north and south lobes at any one time. The bidirectional fluxes are found to occur predominantly in the lobe directy connected to the sunward IMF in the open magnetosphere model (north lobe for away sectors and south lobe for toward sectors). Electron anisotropy and magnetic field data are presented which show the transition from unidirectional (sheath) electron populations to bidirectional (lobe) populations. Taken together, the present evidence suggests that the bidirectional electrons that we observe in the distant tail are closely related to the Polar rain electrons observed previously at lower altitudes. Furthermore, these data provide strong evidence that the distant tail is comprised largely of open magnetic field lines in contra distinction to some recently advanced models.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Fluvial valleys and Martian palaeoclimates (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Theoretical models of early Martian atmospheric evolution describe the maintenance of a dense CO2 atmosphere and a warm, wet climate until the end of the heavy-bombardment phase of impacting. However, the presence of very young, earthlike fluvial valleys on the northern flank of Alba Patera conflicts with this scenario. Whereas the widespread ancient Martian valleys generally have morphologies indicative of sapping erosion by the slow outflow of subsurface water, the local Alba valleys were probably formed by surface-runoff processes. Because subsurface water flow might be maintained by hydrothermal energy inputs and because surface-runoff valleys developed late in Martian history, it is not necessary to invoke drastically different planet-wide climatic conditions to explain valley development on Mars. The Alba fluvial valleys can be explained by hydrothermal activity or outflow-channel discharges that locally modified the atmosphere, including precipitation and local overland flow on low-permeability volcanic ash.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 341; 514-516
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  • 10
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    A small-scale plasmoid formed during the May 13, 1985, AMPTE magnetotail barium release (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Plasmoids are closed magnetic-loop structures with entrained hot plasma which are inferred to occur on large spatial scales in space plasma systems. A model is proposed here to explain the brightening and rapid tailward movement of the barium cloud released by the AMPTE IRM spacecraft on May 13, 1985. The model suggests that a small-scale plasmoid was formed due to a predicted development of heavy-ion-induced tearing in the thinned near-tail plasma sheet. Thus, a plasmoid may actually have been imaged due to the emissions of the entrained plasma ions within the plasma bubble.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 94; 17084-17
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