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  • 11
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    Hibrid broadband Ground-Motion Simulations for the 2016 Amatrice Earthquake, Central Italy, and Sensitivity of Ground-Motion to Earthquake Source Parameters (2019)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-12
    Description: On 24th August 2016 at 01:36 UTC a MW 6.0 earthquake struck several villages in central Italy, among which Accumoli, Amatrice and Arquata del Tronto. It caused 299 fatalities, major destruction and extensive damage in the surrounding area (up to 11 intensity degree). The earthquake was recorded by 350 digital accelerometers be- longing to the National Accelerometric Network (RAN) of the Italian Department of Civil Protection, to the National Seismic Network (Rete Sismica Nazionale, RSN) of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), and to other local net- works. This earthquake ruptured a NW–SE oriented normal fault, according the prevailing extensional tectonics of the area.The maximum accelera- tion was observed at Amatrice station (AMT) with epicentral distance of 15 km, reaching 916 cm/s2 and 445.6 cm/s2 on E-W and N-S components, respectively. Motivated by the high levels of observed ground motion and damage, we have computed synthetics broadband time series for engineering purposes. To produce high-frequency seismograms, we have used a stochastic finite-fault model approach based on dynamic corner-frequency.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Malta
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Keywords: broadband ground motion simulation
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 12
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    Comparison of ground motion hybrid simulations to NGA modified GMPE in the Marmara Sea region (Turkey) in a directivity rupture context. (2019)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-12
    Description: We have simulated strong ground motions for two Mw〉7.0 rupture scenarios on the North Anatolian Fault, in the Marmara Sea within 10-20 km of Istanbul. This city is characterized by one of the highest levels of seismic risk in Europe and the Mediterranean region. The increased risk in Istanbul is due to the high probability of the occurrence of a large earthquake, which stands at about 65% during the coming years. To estimate the ground motion characteristics and its variability in the region we have adopted physics-based rupture scenarios, simulating hybrid broadband time histories. We have merged two simulation techniques: a full 3D wave propagation method to generate low-frequency seismograms (Aochi and Ulrich, 2015) and the stochastic finite-fault model approach based on a dynamic corner frequency (Motazedian and Atkinson, 2005) to simulate high-frequency seismograms. They are merged to compute realistic broad band hybrid time series. The comparison of intensity measures (PGA, PGV, SA) on our simulations with recently proposed Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs) in the region (Boore & Atkinson, 2008; Chiou & Young, 2008; Akkar & Bommer, 2010; Akkar & Cagnan, 2010) points out the rupture directivity and super-shear rupture effects associated to these cases. In order to improve the comparison, we use the GMPE proposed by Boore & Atkinson (2008) with the directivity correction proposed by Spudich & Chiu (2008). This study highlights the importance of the directivity of the rupture for the hazard estimation in the region of the Marmara Sea and especially for the city of Istanbul.
    Description: Published
    Description: San Francisco
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Keywords: hybrid ground motion, directivity effects
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 13
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    NEAMTHM18 Documentation: the making of the TSUMAPS-NEAM Tsunami Hazard Model 2018 (2019)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-01-17
    Description: The NEAM Tsunami Hazard Model 2018 (NEAMTHM18) is a probabilistic hazard model for tsunamis generated by earthquakes. It covers the coastlines of the North-East Atlantic, the Mediterranean, and connected Seas (NEAM). In this online data product, the hazard results are provided by hazard curves calculated at 2,343 Points of Interest (POI), distributed in the North-East Atlantic (1,076 POIs), the Mediterranean Sea (1,130 POIs), and the Black Sea (137 POIs) at an average spacing of ~20 km. For each POI, hazard curves are given for the mean, 2nd, 16th, 50th, 84th, and 98th percentiles. Maps derived from hazard curves are Probability maps for Maximum Inundation Heights (MIH) of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 meters; Hazard maps for Average Return Periods (ARP) of 500, 1,000, 2,500, 5,000, 10,000 years. For each map, precalculated displays are provided for the mean, the 16th percentile, and the 84th percentile. All data are also made accessible through an interactive web mapper and through Open Geospatial Consortium standard protocols. The model was prepared in the framework of the European Project TSUMAPS-NEAM (http://www.tsumaps-neam.eu/) funded by the mechanism of the European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (grant no. ECHO/SUB/2015/718568/PREV26).
    Description: European-Union Civil Protection Mechanism, DG-ECHO, Agreement Number ECHO/SUB/2015/718568/PREV26
    Description: Published
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Description: 1SR TERREMOTI - Sorveglianza Sismica e Allerta Tsunami
    Description: 2SR TERREMOTI - Gestione delle emergenze sismiche e da maremoto
    Keywords: Europe ; NEAM ; Atlantic Ocean ; Mediterranean Sea ; Aegean Sea ; Marmara Sea ; Black Sea ; earthquake ; tsunami ; moment magnitude ; crustal fault ; subduction interface ; megathrust ; probabilistic hazard model ; natural hazard ; Disaster Risk Reduction ; 05.08. Risk ; 04.06. Seismology ; 03.02. Hydrology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 14
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    Accounting for rupture directivity in ShakeMap (2011)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The rapid and accurate information about the ground shaking following an earthquake is necessary for emergency response planning. A prompt strategy is contouring the real data recorded at the stations. However only few regions, i.e. Japan and Taiwan, have an instrumental coverage as good as needed to produce shaking maps relying almost entirely on real data. ShakeMap has been conceived in order to “fill” the data gap and producing stable contouring using the ground motion predictive equations (GMPEs) and site effect. Thus for regions where the data coverage is sparse, the interpolation plays a crucial role and the choice of the GMPE can affect strongly the goodness of the ground shaking estimation. However the GMPEs derive from an empirical regression describing the averaged behavior of the ground shaking and tend to mask, when present, specific trends due to multidimensional effects like the asymmetry of the rupture process (directivity effect). Thus, ShakeMaps for large events may not reproduce faithfully the ground motion in the near source if determined without the introduction of rupture related parameters. One way to improve the ShakeMap prediction is to modify the ground motion modeling in order to better explain the ground motion variability. To this purpose, the empirical model can be refined with information about the rupture process (Spagnuolo PhD2010), in this case using the directivity term defined by Spudich and Chiou (Earthquake Spectra 2008). The aim of this work is to quantify the effectiveness of refined GMPEs in improving the performance of ShakeMap. We quantify the agreement of this new GMPE with the real recorded data, and make inference about the reliability of this new ShakeMap. The test is focused on the study of the ShakeMap degradation when the number of the observations is reduced, and on the quantification of the improvements due to the directivity term. In order to conduct properly the test, we investigate two well- recorded events from Japan: the 2008 Iwate-Miyagi (M7) and the 2000 Tottori (M6.6) events. This work is part of the DPC-INGV S3 project (2007-09), as described in the companion abstract Ameri et al. (ESC2010).
    Description: Published
    Description: Montpellier, France
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: open
    Keywords: ShakeMap ; hazard ; seismology ; directivity
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 15
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    Self-similar slip distributions on irregular shaped faults (2019)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-23
    Description: This article has been accepted for publication in Geophysical Journal International ©: The Authors 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy.
    Description: We propose a strategy to place a self-similar slip distribution on a complex fault surface that is represented by an unstructured mesh. This is possible by applying a strategy based on the composite source model where a hierarchical set of asperities, each with its own slip function which is dependent on the distance from the asperity centre. Central to this technique is the efficient, accurate computation of distance between two points on the fault surface. This is known as the geodetic distance problem. We propose a method to compute the distance across complex non-planar surfaces based on a corollary of the Huygens’ principle. The difference between this method compared to others sample-based algorithms which precede it is the use of a curved front at a local level to calculate the distance. This technique produces a highly accurate computation of the distance as the curvature of the front is linked to the distance from the source. Our local scheme is based on a sequence of two trilaterations, producing a robust algorithm which is highly precise. We test the strategy on a planar surface in order to assess its ability to keep the self-similarity properties of a slip distribution. We also present a synthetic self-similar slip distribution on a real slab topography for a M 8.5 event. This method for computing distance may be extended to the estimation of first arrival times in both complex 3D surfaces or 3D volumes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2060–2070
    Description: 3T. Fisica dei terremoti e Sorgente Sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 16
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    Physics‐Based Broadband Ground‐Motion Simulations for ProbableMw≥7.0 Earthquakes in the Marmara Sea Region (Turkey) (2017)
    Seismological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-11
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America
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  • 17
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    Bayesian rupture imaging in a complex medium: The 29 May 2012 Emilia, Northern Italy, earthquake (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-12
    Description: We develop a new approach to image earthquake rupture from strong motion data. We use a large data set of aftershock waveforms, interpolated over the seismic fault to obtain Green's function approximations. Next we deploy a Bayesian inversion method to characterize the slip distribution, the rupture velocity, the slip duration, and their uncertainties induced by errors in the Green's functions. The method is applied to the 29 May 2012 Mw 6 Emilia earthquake, which ruptured a fault buried below the Po Plain sediments (Northern Italy). Despite the particularly complex wave propagation, the near-field strong motion observations are well reproduced with 15 rupture parameters. The rupture and slip velocities were notably slow (~0.5 Vs and 〈0.5 m/s, respectively), implying that the fault was difficult to break. This method opens some perspectives for earthquake rupture studies in areas where numerical simulations suffer from imprecise knowledge of the velocity structure. ©2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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