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  • Copernicus  (59)
  • American Geophysical Union  (22)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (16)
  • 2015-2019  (22)
  • 2010-2014  (58)
  • 1990-1994  (11)
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  • 11
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Lithium bis(2,2-dimethylpropionl)arsenide · DME ; tetrakis(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)diarsine ; X-ray structure determination ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl- and Alkylidenearsines VII Synthesis and Structure of Tetrakis(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)diarsineLithium dihydrogenarsenide and 2,2-dimethylpropionyl chloride in a molar ratio of 3:2 react at -40 to -50°C in tetrahydrofuran or 1,2-dimethoxyethane to give the corresponding etherate of lithium bis(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)arsenide (2a). Treatment of these solutions with stoichiometric amounts of 85% tetrafluoroboric acid · diethylether adduct yields yelloworange tetrakis(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)diarsine (5) in 64 or 62% yield resp., but not the expected bis (2,2-dimethylpropionyl)arsine (4a). The very air-sensitive compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n {-100 ± 3° C; a = 1224.6(3); b = 1419.7(3); c = 1333.1(3) pm; β = 96.22(2)°; Z = 4}. According to the X-ray structure analysis (Rw = 0.036) the molecule shows synclinal conformation; the two diacylarsyl-subunits are twisted against one another by an angle of 86°. As in another acylarsine [1] the As—C distances (203 to 205 pm) were found to be significantly longer then the standard value of 196 pm. Further characteristic bond lengths and angles are: As- 242; C—O 120 to 121 pm; As—As—C 88 to 107°; As—C—O 118 to 122°
    Notes: Wird das jeweilige, aus Lithiumdihydrogenarsenid und 2,2-Dimethylpropionylchlorid im Molverhältnis 3:2 bei -40 bis -50°C in TetrahydrofuranTetrahydrofuran (THF); 1,2-Dimethoxyethan (DME); Bis( 1,2-dimethylamino)ethan (TMEDA); Tetramethylsilan (TMS). oder 1,2-Dimethoxyethan gebildete, aber nicht isolierte Etherat des Lithium-bis(2,2-dimethypropionyl)arsenids (2a) mit 85proz. Tetrafluorborsäure · Diethylether-Addukt weiter umgesetzt, so erhält man nach der üblichen Aufarbeitung des Ansatzes nicht Bis(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)arsan (4a), sondern mit 64- bzw. 62proz.Ausbeute Tetrakis(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)diarsan (5). Die äußerst oxydationsempfindliche gelborange Verbindung kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/n {-100 ± 3° C; a = 1224,6(3); b = 1419,7(3); c = 1333,1(3)pm; β = 96,22(2)°; Z = 4}. Nach den Ergebnissen der Röntgenstrukturanalyse (Rw = 0,036) weist das Molekül mit zwei um 86° gegeneinander verdrehten Hälften die synclinale Konformation auf; die As—C-Abstände liegen mit 203 bis 205 pm wie in einem anderen Acylarsan [1] deutlich über dem Standard von 196 pm. Weitere Charakteristische Bindungslängen und -winkel sind: As—As242; C—O 120 bis 121 pm; As—As—C 88 bis 107°; As—C—O 118 bis 122°.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 12
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Dicopper trihydroxide nitrite ; crystal structure ; i.r., Raman spectra ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Lattice Vibration Spectra. LXXVI. On Basic Copper Salts  -  Crystal Structure, IR and Raman Spectra of Cu2(OH)3NO2Single-crystal X-ray as well as IR and Raman data of Cu2(OH)3NO2 are presented and discussed with respect to an order-disorder (OD) phase transition and the strength of hydrogen bonds. Cu2(OH)3NO2 crystallizes pseudosymmetrically in the monoclinic space group P21/m (Z = 2, a = 562.22(4), b = 605.94(5), c = 663.55(4) pm and β = 95.415(5)°) forming a layered structure of edge-connected, elongated CuO6 octahedra (final R value 2.5% for 1047 symmetry averaged reflections with I ≥ 2.5 μ1). The NO2- ions are on a split position with dynamic disordering at ambient temperature. On temperature lowering the disorder is frozen out with a symmetry decrease to space group P21. The disorder of the NO2- ions causes four different arrangements of OH(2)- with different strengths of the H…O hydrogen bonds present OD stretching modes in the spectra of isotopically dilute samples 2628, 2535, 2435, and 2343 cm-1 at 90 K. The OH(1)- ions form weak H…N H-bonds to the lone-pair of the nitrogen atoms of the NO2- ions (vOD 2563 cm-1).
    Notes: Die Kristallstruktur sowie die IR- und Raman-Spektren von Cu2(OH)3NO2 werden mitgeteilt und im Hinblick auf eine Ordnungs-Unordnungs(OD)-Phasenumwandlung sowie die Stärke der vorhandenen Wasserstoffbrücken diskutiert. Das basische Nitrit kristallisiert pseudosymmetrisch in der monoklinen Raumgruppe P21/m (Z = 2, R = 2,5%, 1047 symmetriegemittelte Reflexe mit 1 〉 2,5 μ1). Cu2(OH)3NO2 bildet eine Schichtenstruktur kantenverknüpfter, gestreckter CuO6-Oktaeder. Die Nitritionen befinden sich auf einer Splitlage mit dynamischer Fehlordnung bei Raumtemperatur. Bei niedrigeren Temperaturen friert die Fehlordnung unter Bildung von NO2--Zick-Zack-Ketten und Symmetrieerniedrigung zu P21 aus. Aufgrund der Fehlordnung der NO2--Ionen ergeben sich für die OH(2)--Ionen vier verschiedene Anordnungen mit entsprechend unterschiedlich starken H-Brücken (H…O). Die OH(1)--Ionen bilden H…N-Wasserstoffbrücken zum freien Elektronenpaar des N-Atoms der NO2--Ionen.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 45 (1994), S. 389-391 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The chain stiffness of a methoxypropyl-substituted poly[1.1.1]propellane in solution is investigated by static and dynamic light scattering. The Kuhn statistical segment length is determined as lk=150Å utilizing the Kratky-Porod wormlike chain model. It is, however, not yet clear whether the derived Kuhn length characterizes the chain stiffness of a perfect polypropellane chain or rather originates from “kinks” in the polymer backbone due to the presence of possible side reactions during polymerization.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 46 (1913), S. 457-487 
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 46 (1913), S. 487-494 
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 16
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: IR and Raman spectra of Zn(OH)F, β-Zn(OH)Cl and isostructural Ca(OH)Cl and Cd(OH)Cl and of deuterated specimens recorded at ambient and liquid nitrogen temperature are presented and assigned to OH(OD) stretching, librational and translational modes. The spectra obtained are discussed on the basis of the layered crystal structures of these hydroxide halides. The main results are (i) detection and proof of the presence of very weak hydrogen bonds in the case of M(OH)Cl (M = Ca, Cd) and for OH(2) of Zn(OH)F [in addition to ordinary hydrogen bonds in the case of β-Zn(OH)Cl and OH(1) of Zn(OH)F] with OH stretching wavenumbers of the corresponding hydroxide ions partially greater than that of free, gaseous OH- ions, (ii) a less symmetrical structure of Ca(OH)Cl and Cd(OH)Cl compared with that obtained from the heavy atoms alone and (iii) proof of the presence of two different kinds of hydroxide ions in nearly equal amounts in Zn(OH)F containing two lattice sites each occupied by F- and OH-. The high-energy shift of the OH modes mentioned above is attributed to the synergetic effect.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2010-11-25
    Description: This paper presents an analysis of the recent tropospheric molecular hydrogen (H2) budget with a particular focus on soil uptake and surface emissions. A variational inversion scheme is combined with observations from the RAMCES and EUROHYDROS atmospheric networks, which include continuous measurements performed between mid-2006 and mid-2009. Net H2 surface flux, soil uptake distinct from surface emissions and finally, soil uptake, biomass burning, anthropogenic emissions and N2 fixation-related emissions separately were inverted in several scenarios. The various inversions generate an estimate for each term of the H2 budget. The net H2 flux per region (High Northern Hemisphere, Tropics and High Southern Hemisphere) varies between −8 and 8 Tg yr−1. The best inversion in terms of fit to the observations combines updated prior surface emissions and a soil deposition velocity map that is based on soil uptake measurements. Our estimate of global H2 soil uptake is −59 ± 4.0 Tg yr−1. Forty per cent of this uptake is located in the High Northern Hemisphere and 55% is located in the Tropics. In terms of surface emissions, seasonality is mainly driven by biomass burning emissions. The inferred European anthropogenic emissions are consistent with independent H2 emissions estimated using a H2/CO mass ratio of 0.034 and CO emissions considering their respective uncertainties. To constrain a more robust partition of H2 sources and sinks would need additional constraints, such as isotopic measurements.
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 18
  • 19
    Publication Date: 2013-08-01
    Description: Measurements of the mole fraction of the CO2 and its isotopes were performed in Paris during the MEGAPOLI winter campaign (January–February 2010). Radiocarbon (14CO2) measurements were used to identify the relative contributions of 77% CO2 from fossil fuel consumption (CO2ff from liquid and gas combustion) and 23% from biospheric CO2 (CO2 from the use of biofuels and from human and plant respiration: CO2bio). These percentages correspond to average mole fractions of 26.4 ppm and 8.2 ppm for CO2ff and CO2bio, respectively. The 13CO2 analysis indicated that gas and liquid fuel contributed 70% and 30%, respectively, of the CO2 emission from fossil fuel use. Continuous measurements of CO and NOx and the ratios CO/CO2ff and NOx/CO2ff derived from radiocarbon measurements during four days make it possible to estimate the fossil fuel CO2 contribution over the entire campaign. The ratios CO/CO2ff and NOx/CO2ff are functions of air mass origin and exhibited daily ranges of 7.9 to 14.5 ppb ppm−1 and 1.1 to 4.3 ppb ppm−1, respectively. These ratios are consistent with different emission inventories given the uncertainties of the different approaches. By using both tracers to derive the fossil fuel CO2, we observed similar diurnal cycles with two maxima during rush hour traffic.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7316
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7324
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2015-03-20
    Description: Three years of greenhouse gases measurements, obtained using a gas chromatograph (GC) system located at the Puy de Dôme station at 1465 m a.s.l. in Central France are presented. The GC system was installed in 2010 at Puy de Dôme and was designed for automatic and accurate semi-continuous measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and sulfur hexafluoride mole fractions. We present in detail the instrumental set up and the calibration strategy, which together allow the GC to reach repeatabilities of 0.1 μmol mol−1, 1.2, 0.3 nmol mol−1 and 0.06 pmol mol−1 for CO2, CH4, N2O and SF6, respectively. Comparisons of the atmospheric time series with those obtained using other instruments shown that the GC system meets the World Meteorological Organization recommendations. The analysis of the three-year atmospheric time series revealed how the planetary boundary layer height drives the mole fractions observed at a mountain site such as Puy de Dôme where air masses alternate between the planetary boundary layer and the free troposphere. Accurate long-lived greenhouse gases measurements collocated with 222Rn measurements as an atmospheric tracer, allowed us to determine the CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions in the catchment area of the station. The derived CO2 surface flux revealed a clear seasonal cycle with net uptake by plant assimilation in the spring and net emission caused by the biosphere and burning of fossil fuel during the remainder of the year. We calculated a mean annual CO2 flux of 1150 t(CO2) km−2. The derived CH4 and N2O emissions in the station catchment area were 5.6 t(CH4) km−2 yr−1 and 1.5 t(N2O) km−2 yr−1, respectively. Our derived annual CH4 flux is in agreement with the national French inventory, whereas our derived N2O flux is five times larger than the same inventory.
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8610
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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