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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (194)
  • 2015-2019
  • 2010-2014
  • 1995-1999  (78)
  • 1985-1989  (106)
  • 1955-1959  (10)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Saratoga Springs and Early Hydrogeochemistry in the United States (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 35 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: The earliest quantitative chemical analysis of ground water from the United States was probably made during 1807. The largest number of early analyses were of water from various mineral springs in and near the towns of Ballston and Saratoga Springs, New York. Although most of the scientific and economic interest at the time centered on the reported health benefits from the water, some of the earliest reports describing the springs contained rudimentary yet scientifically based hydrogeochemical explanations for the dissolved constitutents in the water. One motivation for the early analytical work was the desire to concoct a dry mixture of chemicals that would duplicate the mineral water when mixed with ordinary drinking water. The use of a powder would simplify distribution and bypass dealing with owners of the springs. Early analyses of water from Congress Spring published by different individuals between 1817 and 1856 are similar, and if allowance is made for minor temporal changes in quality, the results would be considered useful even by modern standards.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00092.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Power Absorption During Microwave Heating of Emulsions and Layered Systems (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 60 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Microwave oven heating rates of various oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions, and layered systems were compared. Emulsions heated faster than corresponding layered systems, which heated faster than a calculated weighted average of individual components. Differences were attributed to increased power absorption caused by the large number of interfaces occurring in emulsions, or by a single interface in the layered system, and by resonant absorption of microwave radiation, which is determined by dielectric properties. The types and proportions of emulsions determined the number of interfaces. The dielectric properties and sample size determined in which samples resonant absorption occurred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1995.tb06308.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave-Heating Temperature Profiles for Thin Slabs Compared to Maxwell and Lambert Law Predictions (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 60 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Slabs of agar gel were heated in a microwave oven. Temperatures were measured at various depths into the sample to experimentally determine the internal temperature profile. These were compared to power and temperature profiles predicted from Lambert's law, Maxwell's field equations and a Combined equation. Lambert's law and the Combined equation predicted a much slower heating rate than found experimentally, while Maxwell's field equations gave a much more accurate prediction. Because of the internal standing waves that are created, a small variation in sample thickness could make a large difference in heating rate for thin samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1995.tb06309.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical Modeling of Microwave Thawing by the Modified Isotherm Migration Method (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 52 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model of microwave thawing of homogeneous food products is developed and solved numerically using the Modified Isotherm Migration Method. The model is used to predict thawing time and temperature profiles for microwave thawed meat cylinders at three frequencies (2450 MHz, 915 MHz, 300 MHz) and different power levels. Model and experimental results for thawing a lean beef cylinder heated at low microwave power using 2450 MHz frequency compare well. The advantage of using 915 or 300 MHz power over 2450 MHz power is shown by calculations. The results show that microwaves significantly accelerate the thawing rate. The mathematical model is explored as a tool for designing optimal microwave/convective heating protocols for rapidly thawing foods in desired temperature ranges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1987.tb06638.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population Genetic Analyses of Transplanted Eelgrass (Zostera marina) Beds Reveal Reduced Genetic Diversity in Southern California (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Restoration ecology 4 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1526-100X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Seagrass ecosystems fulfill ecologically and economically valuable functions in coastal marine environments. Unfortunately, seagrass beds are susceptible to natural and human disturbances, and their distrubution is declining worldwide. Although intentional disturbance of seagrass beds must be mitigated pursuant to U.S. law, to date mitigation of seagrass beds has not prevented a net loss of habitat. Transplantation of vegetative material from small areas of nearby beds is the primary method of seagrass mitigation. Restoration research on seagrasses has focused primarily on establishment of the plants and secondarily on the functional equivalency of the habitats. We questioned whether transplanted seagrass beds were comparable to “natural” beds in terms of genetic diversity and structure. We sampled Zostera marina L. (eel-grass) from 12 sites in the highly urbanized area of San Diego County and from pristine sites in Baja California. Using allozyme electrophoresis, we determined that genetic diversity (percentage of polymorphic loci, allele richness, expected and observed heterozygosities, and proportion of genetically unique individuals) was significantly reduced in transplanted eelgrass beds. Eelgrass from Baja California exhibited the highest genetic diversity. Based on Wright's F statistics, most of the genetic variation was distributed within rather than among sites (FST= 0.139), and the degree of genetic structure was only moderate at the greatest geographical scale (San Diego—Baja). Using a spatial statistical analysis (second-order analysis), we found virtually no evidence for nonrandom distribution of alleles or genotypes at scales of 3–50 m within beds. We discuss several hypotheses for reduced genetic diversity in transplanted eelgrass beds, including transplantation protocol, small size of transplantations, and reduced or failed sexual reproduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.1996.tb00117.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Endogenous Development of Eimeria alabamensis Christensen, 1941, an Intranuclear Coccidium of Cattle (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 4 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. The endogenous development of the life cycle of Eimeria alabamensis Christensen, 1941, occurs in the nucleus of the intestinal cells of cattle. Calves were killed at various intervals after inoculation with infective oöcysts to study the endogenous cycle. Excysted sporozoites were found in the contents or scrapings from the walls of rumen, omasum, small intestine, cecum, and colon. They were found in the cytoplasm of intestinal epithelium at 2 days. Schizonts were found in the nuclei beginning at 2 days, but the number was low by the 8th day. Merozoite numbers usually ranged between 16 and 32. Some host nuclei contained as many as 48 or more, but these appeared to be the result of more than one schizont merging in the same host nucleus. Merozoites were slender, spindle-shaped bodies while still in the schizont walls, but were short with bluntly rounded tips when found in intracellular spaces and crypts. Gametocytes were found as early as the 4th day. Most of the stages of gametogenesis were limited to the lowest third of the small intestine, but in heavy infections some were also found in the cecum and upper colon. Microgametocytes were multinucleate and were more densely stained than the uninucleate macrogametocytes. The ratio of macrogametocytes to microgametocytes in 100 gametes was 78: 22. Oöcysis with “shells” were found in sections of the lower 20 feet of the ileum on the 6th day, which coincided with the shortest prepatent period reported previously. As many as three schizonts or microgametocytes or four or five macrogametocytes or oöcysts could be found in the same host nucleus. The variations in shape of the oöcysts appeared to be dependent on the number of oöcysts crowded into each nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1957.tb02511.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic Interactions Between Glucose, Glycerol, Alanine and Acetate in Leishmania braziliensis panamensis Promastigotes (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 36 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 13C-nuciear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the products of glycerol and acetate metabolism released by Leishmania braziliensis panamensis promastigotes and also to examine the interaction of each of these substrates with glucose or alanine. The NMR data were supplemented by measurements of the rates of oxygen consumption and substrate utilization, and of 14CO2 production from 14C-labeIed substrate. Cells incubated with [2-13C]glycerol released acetate, succinate and D-lactate in addition to CO2. Cells incubated with acetate released only CO2. More succinate C-2/C-3 than C-l/C-4 was released from both [2-13C]glycerol and [2-13C]glucose, indicating that succinate was formed predominantly by CO2 fixation followed by reverse flux through part of the Krebs cycle. Some redistribution of the position of labeling was also seen in alanine and pyruvate, suggesting cycling through pyruvate/oxaloacetate/phosphoenolpyruvate. Cells incubated with combinations of 2 substrates consumed oxygen at the same rate as cells incubated with 1 or no substrate, even though the total substrate utilization had increased. When promastigotes were incubated with both glycerol and glucose, the rate of glucose consumption was unchanged but glycerol consumption decreased about 50%, and the rate of 14CO2 production from [l,(3)-14C]glycerol decreased about 60%. Alanine did not affect the rates of consumption of glucose or glycerol, but decreased 14CO2 production from these substrates by increasing flow of label into alanine. Although glucose decreased alanine consumption by 70%, it increased the rate of 14CO2 production from [U-14C]- and [l-14C]alanine by about 20%. This is consistent with rapid equilibration of alanine with pyruvate derived from glucose and yet little decrease in the specific activity of the large alanine pool.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1989.tb01077.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some Physiological Characteristics of the Mating Types and Varieties of Tetrahymena pyriformis (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Differences in temperature-tolerance, generation time, nutritional requirements, osmoresistance, pigment production, and sensitivity to high hydrogen or hydroxyl ion concentration have been observed among varieties, and among mating types within varieties of Tetrahymena pyriformis. The usefulness of these differences to taxonomists and geneticists is discussed.The nutrition of a temperature-tolerant strain, mating type II, variety 1, was given special attention and a chemicallydefined medium devised to support rapid growth at 35d̀ C. At 40d̀, growth in this medium failed, but was good in a crude medium. Temperature factors are suggested. Permeability of this ciliate, as inferred by utilization of nucleotides, was high.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb03942.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial Ingestion by the Rumen Ciliates Entodinium and Diplodinium (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. In cattle fed a high-starch diet, species of Entodinium and Diplodinium ingested associated ruminal bacteria. Stained preparations of diluted rumen contents showed Entodinium caudatum, E. minimum, E. dubardi, (syn. E. simplex), E. longinucleatum, E. bursa, E. nanellum, E. exiguum, and E. vorax contained gram-positive diplococci. Starch grains with adherent gram-positive diplococci were observed within Entodinium spp. Diplodinium ecaudatum forma ecaudatum, D. ecaudatum forma caudatum, D. neglectum and an unidentified species of Diplodinium also ingested ruminal diplococci. Bacteria were isolated from mixed species of Entodinium by washing and culturing the protozoa in a starch feed-extract agar medium. The strains isolated from the ciliates were gram-positive diplococci, 0.8 times 1–1.5 μm, which attached themselves to starch granules and were able to digest the starch. Conclusive evidence of bacterial ingestion by the oligotrichs was obtained by providing the bacterial cultures to Entodinium species (E. dubardi and E. minimum) which had been starved 24 hr. Gram-stained preparations showed the ciliates readily ingested the bacteria. The amylolytic cocci utilized by Entodinium spp. were identified as Streptococcus bovis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb04361.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutritional Requirements of Plasmodium falciparum in Culture. I. Exogenously Supplied Dialyzable Components Necessary for Continuous Growth (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 32 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Continuous cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum presently requires the nutritionally complex medium, RPMI 1640. A basal medium of KCl, NaCl, Na2HPO4, Ca(NO3)2, MgSO4, glucose, reduced glutathione, HEPES buffer, hypoxanthine, phenol red (in RPMI 1640 concentrations), and 10% (v/v) exhaustively dialyzed pooled human serum was used to determine which vitamins and amino acids had to be exogenously supplied for continuous cultivation. Supplementation of basal medium with calcium pantothenate, cystine, glutamate, glutamine, isoleucine, methionine, proline, and tyrosine was necessary for continuous growth. This semi-defined minimal medium supported continuous growth of four isolates of P. falciparum at rates slightly less than those obtained with RPMI 1640. Adding any other vitamin or amino acid did not improve growth. Incorporation of several non-essential amino acids, particularly phenylalanine and leucine, into proteins was markedly enhanced in the minimal medium compared to RPMI 1640.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1985.tb03013.x
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