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  • Springer  (31)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (8)
  • Cambridge University Press  (6)
  • Coastal Education and Research Foundation
  • 2020-2024
  • 2000-2004  (13)
  • 1995-1999  (22)
  • 1960-1964  (11)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite-dimensional behavior in dissipative partial differential equations (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Chaos 5 (1995), S. 330-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7682
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Dissipative partial differential equations have applications throughout the sciences: models of turbulence in fluids, chemical reactions, and morphogenesis in biology can all be written in a general form which allows them to be subjected to a unified analysis. Recent results on these equations show that in many cases they are not as complex as they initially appear, and can be converted into a set of ordinary differential equations. However, most of the relevant references present a bewildering array of terms which can obscure the simple underlying ideas. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce this terminology, motivated by several major results, slowly and by example. Detailed proofs are omitted, but it is hoped that this approach will give a good understanding of and intuitive feel for the subject without recourse to technicalities. Nevertheless, sufficient mathematical detail is included to allow application of these results to many examples. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.166081
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large field induced strain in single crystalline Ni–Mn–Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5774-5776 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A room temperature free shear strain of 5.7% is reported in a single crystal of Ni–Mn–Ga having a composition close to the Heusler alloy Ni2MnGa. A twin boundary was created in a 2 mm×2 mm×25 mm single crystal using a permanent magnet with surface field strength of about 320 000 A/m. A sharp 6.5° bend occurs in the sample at the twin boundary. The surface magnetization changes abruptly across this boundary. By moving the sample relative to the edge of the magnet, we were able to sweep the boundary back and forth along the crystal length. Surface magnetization was measured using a Hall probe and the results confirm that the easy axis is the tetragonal c axis. Powder x-ray diffraction shows that the fcc to body-centered-tetragonal bct martensitic transition of this material involved a 6% reduction of the bct cell c/a ratio, from (square root of 2) to about 1.33. The maximum achievable strain is thus estimated to be 6.2%. The twin planes in the system are the {112}bct and were observed to lie almost normal to the long axis of the sample tested. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372518
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging nanometer-thick patterned self-assembled monolayers via second-harmonic generation microscopy (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 2051-2054 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have used the inherent surface sensitivity of second-harmonic generation to develop an instrument for nonlinear optical microscopy of surfaces and interfaces. This optical technique is ideal for imaging nanometer-thick, chromophoric self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which have been patterned using photolithographic techniques. In this paper, we demonstrate the application of second-harmonic generation microscopy to patterned SAMs of the noncentrosymmetric molecule calixarene and discuss the resolution and sensitivity limits of the technique. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364284
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prospects for edge current density determination using LIBEAM on DIII-D : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 1023-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The specific size and structure of the edge current profile has important effects on the magnetohydrodynamic stability and ultimate performance of many advanced tokamak (AT) operating modes. This is true for both bootstrap and externally driven currents that may be used to tailor the edge shear. Absent a direct local measurement of j(r), the best alternative is a determination of the poloidal field. Measurements of the precision (0.1°–0.01° in magnetic pitch angle and 1–10 ms) necessary to address issues of stability and control and provide constraints for EFIT are difficult to do in the region of interest (ρ=0.9–1.1). Using Zeeman polarization spectroscopy of the 2S–2P lithium resonance line emission from the DIII-D LIBEAM [D. M. Thomas, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66, 806 (1995); D. M. Thomas, A. W. Hyatt, and M. P. Thomas, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 61, 340 (1990)] measurements of the various field components may be made to the necessary precision in exactly the region of interest to these studies. Because of the negligible Stark mixing of the relevant atomic levels, this method of determining j(r) is insensitive to the large local electric fields typically found in enhanced confinement (H mode) edges, and thus avoids an ambiguity common to motional Stark effect measurements of B. Key issues for utilizing this technique include good beam quality, an optimum viewing geometry, and a suitable optical prefilter to isolate the polarized emission line. A prospective diagnostic system for the DIII-D AT program will be described. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1319612
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A spectroscopic study of CaOCH3 using the pump/probe microwave and the molecular beam/optical Stark techniques (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 5283-5289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Stark effect on the qR22(0,0.5) (ν=17 682.9251 cm−1) and qP11(0,1.5) (ν=17 682.1966 cm−1) branch features of the (0,0) B 2A1–X 2A1 band system of calcium methoxide, CaOCH3, was measured and analyzed to give the magnitude of the permanent electronic dipole moments, |μ|, of 1.58(8) D and 1.21(5) D for the X 2A1 and B 2A1 states, respectively. The dipole moments are compared with other monovalent calcium compounds and those predicted from a simple electrostatic model. Pure rotational transitions in the X 2A1 state were recorded using the pump/probe microwave-optical double resonance technique. The proton magnetic hyperfine splitting pattern confirms a C3v symmetry of the ground electronic state. The determined Fermi contact and dipolar parameters are: aF=−0.421(27) MHz; Taa=1.070(45) MHz, and |Tbb−Tcc|=0.292(47) MHz. The latter parameter is associated with the lifting of the K-degeneracy of this symmetric top molecule and mixing the I0=1/2 and I0=3/2 levels. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.477146
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The permanent electric dipole moments of chromium and vanadium mononitride: CrN and VN (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 881-889 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Pe(1), F″=2.5 branch feature of the (0,0) D 3Π0e–X 3Δ1 band system of 51VN was recorded as a function of an applied static electric field. The resultant Stark splitting and shifts were analyzed giving values of 3.07(7) D and 6.1(4) D for the X 3Δ1 and D 3Π0e states, respectively, for the magnitude of the permanent electric dipole moment, |μ|. Similarly, the Ree(0.5) branch feature of the (0,0) A 4Π3/2–X 4Σ− band system of 52CrN was recorded as a function of an applied static electric field and analyzed to produce |μ| values of 2.31(4) D and 5.42(2) D for the X 4Σ− and A 4Π3/2 states, respectively. In order to facilitate the dipole moment determinations for 52CrN it was necessary to record and analyze the field free spectrum of the (0,0) A 4Π3/2–X 4Σ− subband system. A comparison of the dipole moments for the first row monoxides and mononitrides is made and trends are discussed with reference to a molecular orbital correlation scheme. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.478055
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High resolution spectroscopy of BaCH3(X˜ 2A1): Fine and hyperfine structure analysis (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 2703-2711 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The pure rotational spectrum of BaCH3(X˜ 2A1) in its ground vibrational state has been recorded using millimeter/submillimeter direct absorption techniques, the first spectroscopic information obtained for this molecule. The radical was created using Broida-type oven/d.c. discharge methods by the reaction of barium vapor and Sn(CH3)4. Twenty-eight rotational transitions of the main isotopomer 138BaCH3 were recorded, as well as five for 136BaCH3 and three for the 137BaCH3 species. Being a prolate symmetric top, K ladder structure was observed in all transitions for BaCH3, as well as fine structure splittings which arise from the unpaired electron in the molecule. For the 137Ba isotopomer, hyperfine interactions were also resolved, arising from the spin of the barium nucleus. The complete data set has been analyzed with a 2A Hamiltonian, and rotational, spin-rotational, and magnetic hyperfine/nuclear quadrupole parameters accurately determined. The fine and hyperfine structure constants established from this study suggest a predominantly ionic bond for BaCH3, but with a considerable covalent component. Structural parameters for BaCH3 derived in this work are consistent with those of other alkaline earth monomethyl species. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.475662
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser-assisted (1+1′)-photon ionization-detected absorption spectrum of the 3pπ 2Π state of HCO and DCO (2002)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 116 (2002), S. 8384-8395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We re-examine the ionization-detected ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the 3pπ 2Π←X 2A′ transition in HCO and DCO using a high-power visible laser to enhance the observation of first-photon resonant features. This technique, which we term here, assisted REMPI, significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrum, making many weak vibronic sub-bands visible for the first time. A comprehensive fit to the structure evident in a progression of bending levels from (000) to (040) refines the assignment of Song and Cool [X. M. Song and T. A. Cool, J. Chem. Phys. 96, 8664 (1992)] to yield a set of rotational constants that vary with K in relation to v2, together with a higher-order contribution to the Renner–Teller splitting in HCO, which is mirrored in DCO for all levels but (040). The (040) band falls at a frequency that is commensurate with that of CD stretch, and Fermi resonance between 3pπ 2Π(1000)Π and the higher-energy (040) K=1(Π) component gives rise to an added splitting that increases the energy of this (040) component and causes an apparent increase in the Renner parameter. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1467329
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some closure results for inertial manifolds (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of dynamics and differential equations 9 (1997), S. 373-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9222
    Keywords: Inertial manifolds ; exponential attractors ; approximate inertial manifolds ; Bubnov-Galerkin approximations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Suppose that the family of evolution equationsdu/dt+Au+f N (u)=0 possesses inertial manifolds of the same dimension for a sequence of nonlinear termsf N withf N →f in the C0 norm. Conditions are found to ensure that the limiting equationdu/dt+Au+f(u)=0 also possesses an inertial manifold. There are two cases. The first, where the manifolds for the family have a bounded Lipschitz constant, is straightforward and leads to an interesting result on inertial manifolds for Bubnov-Galerkin approximations. When the Lipschitz constant is unbounded, it is still possible to prove the existence of an exponential attractor of finite Hausdorff dimension for the limiting equation. This more general result is applied to a problem in approximate inertial manifold theory discussed by Sell (1993).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02227487
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical limiting prediction of H2S removal efficiency from coal gasification streams using an intermediate temperature electrochemical separation process (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 28 (1998), S. 1343-1349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: coal gas ; electrochemical separation ; hydrogen sulfide ; membrane ; removal efficiency model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A mathematical model has been developed to predict the theoretical limiting H2S removal efficiency of an electrochemical membrane separator (EMS) in the presence of overwhelming levels of H2O and CO2 (as would be found in syn-gas). Thermodynamic principles gave the minimum potential requirements for cell operation. Factors including electrokinetics, mass transfer, chemical equilibria and internal resistance, occuring with application of current, were incorporated into the prediction. Theoretical predictions, which represent a limiting value, show achievable current efficiencies close to 100% for high H2S levels (1000ppm) at 90% removal. At this same removal level with 100 or 10ppm inlet gas, the predicted maximum current efficiencies dropped, due to concentration effects, to 93% and 40%, respectively. This solidifies the economic importance of obtaining close to 100% current efficiencies at sour gas levels compared to polishing applications where the removal, not the current efficiency, is more important. Predicted cell potentials were consistently in the same range, −0.450 to −0.550V, for all concentration levels at 90% removal. Comparison with experimental data gave good agreement; actual current efficiencies were consistently within 15% of the maximum predicted values at coinciding removal levels. However, actual potentials were lower (less negative) because of hydrogen leakage through the cell membrane. While lower potentials require less power, sulfur production at the anode was reduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003416500001
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