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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (2,744)
  • AERODYNAMICS  (950)
  • 2020-2024
  • 2010-2014
  • 1980-1984  (2,109)
  • 1970-1974  (1,536)
  • 1945-1949  (49)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization from the vapor phase. I. Poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) gas barrier coatings (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1391-1405 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An atmospheric-pressure, vapor-phase polymerization technique was used to deposit thin(1-10 μm) poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) coatings onto polyester film and other sheet substrates. A minimum deposition temperature of 170°C, was found to be critical. When substrate temperatures were below 170°C, coatings were loosely adhered, powdery, and of low molecular weight; above 170°C, coherent, well-adhered, high molecular weight coatings were obtained. These vapor-deposited coatings exhibited exceptionally good oxygen barrier properties and were found to consist of fused 0.1-μm particulates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the top surfaces of these coatings clearly revealed their particulate origin. Similar evidence was also obtained from SEM examination of fracture surfaces and transmission electron microscopy of microtomed sections. The coalescence of these coatings was demonstrated by SEM of plasma-etched surfaces and oxygen permeability information. The uniplanar orientation of the polymer crystals in these multiparticulate coatings was strong evidence for the epitaxial growth of the crystals.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1980.070250713
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface properties determine bioadhesive outcomes: Methods and results (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 18 (1984), S. 337-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: This investigation developed experimental evidence for the influence of different surface energy states on tissue incorporation of biomedical materials. Implants of two smooth metals, each with three different surface energy states, were placed in the subdermal fascial plane of the backs of New Zealand White rabbits and were allowed healing times of 10 and 20 days. The implant surfaces were thoroughly characterized by physical-chemical criteria prior to surgical placement and again following removal from the tissue capsules generated by the host animals. Quantitative histopathologic analysis, using standard morphometric criteria, of the adjacent tissues revealed up to a threefold increase of fibroblastic-fibrocytic cells against the initially scrupulously cleaned, high-surface-energy materials. The cells were flattened and active, producing tenacious bonds through a thin pre-adsorbed protein-dominated “conditioning” film, that could be broken only by cohesive failure in the tissue itself. In contrast, the lower-surface-energy materials typical of standard dental implants were “walled off” by a cell-poor, nonadhesive capsule with a fibrous interface separated from a thicker “conditioning” film by a lipid-rich mucus zone. The advantages of proper surface treatment to favor the desired degree of biological adhesion are apparent.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820180404
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of polyaryloxyphosphazenes (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 12 (1974), S. 433-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis, dilute solution characterization, and thermal analysis of seven polyaryloxyphosphazenes are described. Synthesis is accomplished by the ring-opening polymerization of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene at 245°C, followed by reaction of polydichlorophosphazene with sodium aryloxide salts in solution at 115°C. Polymers prepared and characterized have the general structure [(ArO)2PN]n, with Ar = C6H5, m- and p-CH3C6H4, m- and p-ClC6H4, p-C2H5C6H4, or p-CH3OC6H4. Elemental and infrared analyses show these polymers are essentially free of reactive chlorine sites. All the polymers displayed high intrinsic viscosities [η] 〉 1 dl/g, in tetrahydrofuran or chloroform. Closer examination of the dilute solution properties of two polyaryloxyphosphazenes revealed high molecular weights (M̄w〉 6 × 105) and broad molecular weight distributions (M̄w/M̄n 〉 4.7). The experimental values for the Z-average radii of gyration, 〈S2〉z1/2, characterized at near theta conditions, are larger than the calculated values for a freely rotating chain, which suggests that these polymers are relatively linear and not highly branched. Thermal analysis revealed second-order glass transitions between -37 and +13°C and first-order endothermic transitions between 43 and 160°C for the different polymers. Although crystalline structure can persist above this first-order transition, this temperature can be regarded as a melting temperature or softening temperature at which films can be molded. Decomposition temperatures, measured in argon and oxygen, ranged from 250°C to 400°C.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1974.170120214
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative Procedures for Preparing HMX (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 6 (1981), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Three new procedures are described for preparing HMX from hexamine, each involving acetylation followed by nitrolysis. One of these  -  involving DADN as intermediate  -  gives a better yield of HMX than the established Bachmann process on the basis of hexamine and acetic anhydride, but involves the use of sulfuric and polyphosphoric acids, which are not required in the Bachmann approach. It was shown that DADN can be produced rapidly and continuously on a pilot scale in good yields, and that spent acid recovery involves no unusual problems.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19810060304
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sodium cellulosates-preparation from various alkoxides and reactivity toward 2-chloroethyldiethylaminePresented in part at the 160th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Chicago, Illinois, September 1970. (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 353-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Sodium cellulosates were prepared by reacting premercerized cotton fabrics with sodium salts of selected alcohols. The degree of conversion to the cellulosate was related to the Taft polar substituent constant, σ*, of the alkoxide R group. Increase in size of the R group in the alkanol series did not decrease the degree of cellulosate formation. The extent of reaction of the cellulosates with 2-chloroethylidiethylamine in tertiary butanol to form diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAE-cotton) did not increase with the sodium ion content of the starting cellulosate substrate.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070160208
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Model networks of end-linked polydimethylsiloxane chains. XII. Dependence of ultimate properties on dangling-chain irregularities (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 1829-1836 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Elastomeric networks were prepared by end-linking vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chains having number-average molecular weights of 11.3 × 103 g mol-1. The tetra-functional end-linking agent, Si[OSi(CH3)2H]4, was used in varying amounts smaller than that corresponding to a stoichiometric balance between its active hydrogen atoms and the chain vinyl groups. The number of dangling-chain irregularities thus introduced into the networks was directly determined by iodometric titration for unreacted vinyl groups. The (unfilled) PDMS networks thus obtained were studied in elongation to their rupture points at 25°C (a temperature sufficiently high to prevent complications from strain-induced crystallization), and in swelling equilibrium in benzene at room temperature. Small to moderately large proportions of dangling chains were found to have less of an effect on the elongation modulus than might be expected, and similarly a relatively small effect on the degree of equilibrium swelling. Most importantly, comparisons of constant values of the high deformation modulus show that dangling-chain irregularities decrease both the maximum extensibility of a network and its ultimate strength.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260608
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light scattering studies of hi-impact polystyrene (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 28 (1983), S. 1409-1420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Small-angle light scattering techniques have been used to evaluate the factors controlling the transparency of two hi-impact polystyrene films. These factors were found to include surface smoothness, volume fraction of the phases in the system, the difference of the refractive indices of the phases, and the sizes of the phases. The elongation of the rubber phase during processing was also determined.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1983.070280414
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization with redox initiators (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1257-1260 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1980.070250627
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellulosates of group ia metals - their preparation and reactivity with β-chloroethyldiethylaminePresented at the 159th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Houston, Texas, February 22-27, 1970. (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 155-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Mercerized cotton printcloth converted to a cellulosate of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, or cesium by reaction with metal methoxide is a good substrate for the preparation of diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cotton at low temperatures in nonaqueous media. The pretreatment to form the cellulosate of the alkali metal does not adversely affect mechanical properties of the cotton fabric. There is no advantage to using a cellulosate other than sodium cellulosate in reactions with β-chloroethyldiethylamine to form DEAE cotton. The reaction occurs in organic solvents of low and high dielectric constants. The hydrochloride of the amine rather than the free amine can be used to prepare DEAE cotton, provided the ratio of reactants is within specific limits. Consideration has been given to the mechanism of the reaction.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1971.070150114
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biocompatibility of ceramic implants in soft tissueThis research was sponsored by grants from the Ferro Corporation and The National Science Foundation-Science Development Program Grant No. GU-01145 to The Center for the Study of Materials and the National Institutes of General Medical Sciences Grant No. 2PO1 GM14267-05 to the Engineering Design Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. Dr. S. D. Davis' research was supported by a National Institutes of General Medical Sciences fellowship No. 1FO2 GM44720-01. (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 6 (1972), S. 425-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The degradation and biocompatibility of seveal commercially available glasses, glass-ceramics, and ceramics have been evaluated in soft tissue. Tissue compatibility was investigated by histological and toxicological determinations. Materials degration was evaluated by weight loss and surface replica electron microscopic techniques. High lead and arsenic-selenium-sulfur glasses are found to be unsuitable materials for implantation due to high corrosion and toxicity. Certain borosilicate glasses are also found unacceptable because of severe corrosion. Fused quartz, aluminosilicates, certain borosilicates, alkali resistant glass, soda-lime glass, titania frit, arsenic trisulfide, lithium and magnesium aluminosilicate, glass-ceramics, and calcium-fluorapatite all appear to be well tolerated and seem acceptable for soft tissue implantation on the basis of the present data. Because of the lack of sensitivity of weight change as a parameter to measure low corrosion rates, we have no data on which to estimate the actual corrosion rate. The detailed changes in surface structurte produced during the corrosion process only provide information about the corrosion mechanism and may not be correlated with the corrosion rate. A more sensitive method to study low corrosion rates in glasses may be to use radioactive tracer techniques to measure the loss in radioactivity of glasses when implanted in the peritoneal cavity rather than subcutaneously.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820060509
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