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  • growth  (31)
  • Springer  (31)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists
  • Frontiers Media SA
  • Institute of Physics
  • Wiley
  • 2020-2024
  • 2010-2014
  • 1995-1999  (31)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1920-1924
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Keywords
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  • Springer  (31)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists
  • Frontiers Media SA
  • Institute of Physics
  • Wiley
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scarification, fertilization and herbicide treatment effects on planted conifers and soil fertility (1995)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 168-169 (1995), S. 513-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: growth ; nutrient availability ; Pinus strobus ; Picea glauca ; site preparation ; soil organic carbon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The influences of soil surface modification (blade scarification and plastic mulching), fertilization and herbicide application on soil nutrient and organic carbon content and tree growth and foliar nutrient status were examined after seven years in a study located within the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence forest region of Canada. Plots had been planted with white pine (Pinus strobus L.) and white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) seedlings. Light (PAR), soil moisture and temperature were monitored and recorded throughout the growing season. Forest floor and soil mineral (0–20 cm layer) samples were collected from all experimental plots, except those which had plastic mulching. Foliar samples were collected in autumn and analysed for N, P and K and storage compounds. Seedling mortality was 20% higher in unscarified plots. Combined silvicultural treatments increased productivity as much as 14 times, but scarification reduced soil carbon and nutrient capital 2–3 fold. Herbicide application reduced soil carbon by at least 20 %. Foliar nutrient, protein, starch and lipid contents in autumn were little affected by treatment. The future management of such stands in Canada probably will include more shelterwood harvesting and crop rotations, silvicultural systems that are more closely aligned with natural forest succession.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00029364
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of bean and wheat α-amylase inhibitors on α-amylase activity and growth of stored product insect pests (1995)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 75 (1995), S. 237-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: amylase inhibitor ; red kidney bean ; hard red winter wheat ; growth ; insects ; beetles ; plant resistance ; stored products ; protease inhibitor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Insect α-amylase inhibiting and/or growth inhibiting activities of proteinaceous inhibitors from red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were examined. The bean inhibitor was most effectivein vitro against α-amylases from the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) and the confused flour beetle (T. confusum), followed by those from the rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) and yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor). The insect enzymes were from two- to 50-fold more susceptible than human salivary α-amylase. When the inhibitors were added at a 1% level to a wheat flour plus germ diet, the growth of red flour beetle larvae was slowed relative to that of the control group of larvae, with the bean inhibitor being more effective than the wheat inhibitor. Development of both the red flour beetle and flat grain beetle (Cryptolestes pusillus) was delayed by 1% bean inhibitor, but development of the sawtoothed grain beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis) and lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica) was not affected by either the bean or wheat inhibitor at the 1% level. Rice weevil adults fed a diet containing 1% bean or wheat inhibitor exhibited more mortality than weevils fed the control diet. When the wheat amylase inhibitor was combined with a cysteine protease inhibitor, E-64, and fed to red flour beetle larvae, a reduction in the growth rate and an increase in the time required for adult eclosion occurred relative to larvae fed either of the inhibitors separately. The bean inhibitor was just as effective alone as when it was combined with the protease inhibitor. These results demonstrate that plant inhibitors of insect digestive enzymes act as growth inhibitors of insects and possibly as plant defense proteins, and open the way to the use of the genes of these inhibitors for genetically improving the resistance of cereals to storage pests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02382258
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The determination of the age and growth of SE Asian mangrove seedlings from internodal counts (1999)
    Springer
    Mangroves and salt marshes 3 (1999), S. 251-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-977X
    Keywords: Avicennia alba ; growth ; internodal sequences ; mangrove age determination ; Rhizophora apiculata ; Sonneratia caseolaris ; Thailand
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The occurrence of periodic changes in the length of the internodes of the seedlings of SE Asian mangrove species (Rhizophora apiculata, Avicennia alba, and Sonneratia caseolaris) growing in the Pak Phanang estuary (Nakhon Si Thammarat, SE Thailand) was confirmed. The annual nature of these periodic changes was verified through comparisons with the observed average number of internodes produced by plants tagged for one year. The cycles in the sequence of internodal length of the seedlings had an average (± SE) period of 16.0 ± 0.78 internodes for Avicennia alba, 25.0 ± 1.2 internodes for Sonneratia caseolaris, and 8.29 ± 0.40 internodes for Rhizophora apiculata. These values are remarkably close to, and not significantly different (t‐test, P 〉 0.05) from the average (± SE) annual number of internodes of 17.6 ± 0.8 for Avicennia alba, 28.8 ± 2.1 for Sonneratia caseolaris, and 8.03 ± 0.36 for Rhizophora apiculata produced in a year by tagged plants. In addition, the average (± SE) growth of the tagged plants was 0.39 ± 0.018 cm day-1 for Avicennia alba, 0.24 ± 0.015 cm day-1 for Sonneratia caseolaris, and 0.091 ± 0.0036 cm day-1 for Rhizophora apiculata. These estimates were very close to those (0.45 ± 0.06 cm day-1 for Avicennia alba, 0.32 ± 0.01 cm day-1 for Sonneratia caseolaris, and 0.13 ± 0.005 cm day-1 for Rhizophora apiculata) derived as the product of the mean number of internodes produced per day, calculated from the inferred number of internodes produced per year, and the mean length of the internodes of the plants. These findings indicate that the use of regular, annual changes in the length of the internodes of mangrove seedlings can be used reliably to determine their age and to estimate their growth rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009967401337
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of elevated CO2 on growth and photosynthesis in Agrostis canina L. ssp. monteluccii adapted to contrasting atmospheric CO2 concentrations (1997)
    Springer
    Oecologia 110 (1997), S. 169-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Agrostis canina ; CO2 vents ; photosynthesis ; lignification ; growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The aim of this study was to characterise growth and photosynthetic capacity in plants adapted to long-term contrasting atmospheric CO2 concentrations (C a). Seeds of Agrostis canina L. ssp. monteluccii were collected from a natural CO2 transect in central-western Italy and plants grown in controlled environment chambers at both ambient and elevated CO2 (350 and 700 μmol mol−1) in nutrient-rich soil. Seasonal mean C a at the source of the plant material ranged from 610 to 451 μmol CO2 mol−1, derived from C4 leaf stable carbon isotope discrimination (δ13C). Under chamber conditions, CO2 enrichment stimulated the growth of all populations. However, plants originating from elevated C a exhibited higher initial relative growth rates (RGRs) irrespective of chamber CO2 concentrations and a positive relationship was found between RGR and C a at the seed source. Seed weight was positively correlated with C a, but differences in seed weight were found to explain no more than 34% of the variation in RGRs at elevated CO2. Longer-term experiments (over 98 days) on two populations originating from the extremes of the transect (451 and 610 μmol CO2 mol−1) indicated that differences in growth between populations were maintained when plants were grown at both 350 and 700 μmol CO2 mol−1. Analysis of leaf material revealed an increase in the cell wall fraction (CWF) in plants grown at elevated CO2, with plants originating from high C a exhibiting constitutively lower levels but a variable response in terms of the degree of lignification. In vivo gas exchange measurements revealed no significant differences in light and CO2 saturated rates of photosynthesis and carboxylation efficiency between populations or with CO2 treatment. Moreover, SDS-PAGE/ LISA quantification of leaf ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) showed no difference in Rubisco content between populations or CO2 treatments. These findings suggest that long-term adaptation to growth at elevated CO2 may be associated with a potential for increased growth, but this does not appear to be linked with differences in the intrinsic capacity for photosynthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050146
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Invertebrate phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipases C and their role in cell signaling (1995)
    Springer
    Invertebrate neuroscience 1 (1995), S. 199-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-1104
    Keywords: phospholipase C ; inositol phosphate ; invertebrate vision ; olfaction ; growth ; differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: abstract Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PLC) is a family of enzymes that occupy a pivotal role in one of the largest classes of cellular signaling pathways known. Mammalian PLC enzymes have been divided into four major classes and a variety of subclasses based on their structural characteristics and immunological differences. There have been five invertebrate PLC-encoding genes cloned thus far and these fall within three of the four major classes used in categorizing mammalian PLC. Four of these invertebrate genes have been cloned fromDrosophila melanogaster and one is fromArtemia, a brine shrimp. Structural characteristics of the invertebrate enzymes include the presence of highly conserved Box X and Box Y domains found in major types of mammalian PLC as well as novel features. Two of the invertebrate PLC genes encode multiple splice-variant subtypes which is a newly emerging level of diversity observed in mammalian enzymes. Studies of the invertebrate PLCs have contributed to the identification of the physiological functions of individual isozymes. These identified roles include cellular processes such as phototransduction, olfaction, cell growth and differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02211021
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of plasma membrane NADH oxidase activity and growth of HeLa cells by natural and synthetic retinoids (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 166 (1997), S. 101-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: NADH oxidase ; plasma membranes ; growth ; retinol ; retinoids ; HeLa cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Several retinoids, both natural and synthetic, were evaluated for their ability to modulate NADH oxidase activity of plasma membranes of cultured HeLa cells and the growth of HeLa cells in culture. Both NADH oxidase activity and the growth of cells were inhibited by the naturally-occurring retinoids all trans-retinoic acid (tretinoin) and retinol as well as by the synthetic retinoids, trans-acitretin, 13-cis-acitretin, etretinate and arotonoid ethylester (Ro 13-6298). For all retinoids tested, inhibition of NADH oxidase activity and inhibition of growth were correlated closely. With tretinoin, etretinate and arotonoid ethylester, NADH oxidase activity and cell growth were inhibited in parallel in proportion to the logarithm of retinoid concentration over the range of concentrations 10-8 to 10-5 M. Approximately 70% inhibition of both NADH oxidase activity and growth was reached at 10 µM. With retinol, trans-acitretin and 13-cis-acitretin, inhibition of NADH oxidase activity and growth also were correlated but maximum inhibition of both was about 40% at 10 µM. The possibility is suggested that inhibition of the plasma membrane NADH oxidase activity by retinoids may be related to their mechanism of inhibition of growth of HeLa cells in culture. (Mol Cell Biochem 166: 101-109, 1997)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006866726050
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of dipyridyl-dithio substrates to measure directly the protein disulfide-thiol interchange activity of the auxin stimulated NADH: Protein disulfide reductase (NADH oxidase) of soybean plasma membranes (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 200 (1999), S. 7-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: NADH oxidase ; protein disulfide-thiol interchange ; dipyridyl-dithio substrates ; plasma membrane ; auxin ; 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid ; growth ; plant (Glycine max)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Dipyridyl-dithio substrates were cleaved by isolated vesicles of plasma membranes prepared from etiolated hypocotyls of soybean. The cleavage was stimulated by auxins at physiological concentrations. The substrates utilized were principally 2,2′-dithiodippyrine (DTP) and 6,6′-dithiodinicotinic acid (DTNA). The DTP generated 2 moles of 2-pyridinethione whereas the 6,6′-dithiodinicotinic acid generated 2 moles of 6-nicotinylthionine. Both products absorbed at 340 nm. The auxin herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) stimulated the activity approximately 2-fold to a maximum at about 10 μM. Concentrations of 2,4-D greater than 100 μM inhibited the activity. Indole-3-acetic acid stimulated the activity as well. The growth-inactive auxin, 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,3-D), was without effect. DTNA cleavage correlated with oxidation of NADH and reduction of protein disulfide bonds reported earlier in terms of location at the external plasma membrane surface, absolute specific activity, pH dependence and auxin specificity. The dipyridyl-dithio substrates provide, for the first time, a direct measure of the disulfide-thiol interchange activity of the protein previously measured only indirectly as an auxin-dependent ability of isolated plasma membrane vesicles to restore activity to scrambled and inactive RNase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006916116297
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biomass and concentrations of macronutrients and mercury inAzolla pinnata R.Br. In indian ponds enriched by anthropogenic effluents (1995)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 29 (1995), S. 157-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: growth ; Azolla ; eutrophication ; mercury ; India
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The growth ofAzolla was stimulated in different water bodies in Burdwan. It depended on the PO4−P contents of the media. Biomass, chlorophyll and tissue phosphorus content ofAzolla were positively correlated with PO4−P of the different water bodies while chlorophyll content of the fern was positively correlated with conductivity. We concluded that the water bodies of Burdwan can be utilised as sites for large scale multiplication ofAzolla for fertilization purposes in rice cultivation, despite the presence of mercury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02336045
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of temperature on the growth, total lipid content and fatty acid composition of recently isolated tropical microalgae Isochrysis sp., Nitzschia closterium, Nitzschia paleacea, and commercial species Isochrysis sp. (clone T.ISO) (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 7 (1995), S. 595-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: microalgae ; temperature ; growth ; total lipids ; fatty acids ; tropical mariculture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of temperature from 10 °C to 35 °C on the growth, total lipid content, and fatty acid composition of three species of tropical marine microalgae, Isochrysis sp., Nitzschia closterium, N. paleacea (formerly frustulum), and the Tahitian Isochrysis sp. (T.ISO), was investigated. Cultures of N. closterium, Isochrysis sp. and T.ISO grew very slowly at 35 °C, while N. closterium did not grow at temperatures higher than 30 °C or lower than 20 °C. N. paleacea was low-temperature tolerant, with cells growing slowly at 10 °C. N. paleacea produced the highest percentage of lipids at 10 °C, while the other species produced maximum amounts of lipid at 20 °C. None of the species maintained high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) at high growth temperature and there was a significant inverse relationship between the percentage of PUFAs and temperature for N. paleacea. A curved relationship was found between temperature and percentage of PUFA for N. closterium and tropical Isochrysis sp., with the maximum production of PUFA at 25 °C and 20 °C, respectively. The two Nitzschia species produced higher levels of the essential fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid [20:5(n-3)] at lower growth temperatures, but the two Isochrysis species had little change in percentage of 20:5(n-3) with temperature. Only T.ISO had the highest percentage of 22:6(n-3) at lowest growth temperature (11.4% total fatty acids at 10 °C).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00003948
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic compatibility between sexual and clonal genomes in local populations of the hybridogeneticRana esculenta complex (1996)
    Springer
    Evolutionary ecology 10 (1996), S. 531-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8477
    Keywords: amphibian ; body size ; clonal ; genetic compatibility ; growth ; hybridogenesis ; local adaptation ; metamorphosis ; Rana esculenta ; tadpole
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Hybridogenetic species possess a hybrid genome: half is clonally inherited (hemiclonal reproduction) while the other half is obtained each generation by sexual reproduction with a parental species. We addressed the question of whether different hemiclones of the hybridogenetic water frogRana esculenta are locally adapted for genetic compatibility with their sexual parental hostRana lessonae. We artificially crossedR. esculenta females of three hemiclones (GUT1, GUT2 and GUT3) from a pond near Gütighausen, Switzerland and one hemiclone (HEL1) from near Hellberg, Switzerland each toR. lessonae males from both populations. We also created primary hybrids by crossing the sameR. lessonae males from both populations toR. ridibunda females from Poznań, Poland (POZ). Tadpoles were then reared in the laboratory at two food levels to assess their performance related to early larval growth rate, body size at metamorphosis and length of the larval period. Tadpoles from hemiclones GUT1, GUT3 and POZ had higher growth rates than those from hemiclones GUT2 and HEL1 at the low food level, but at the high food level all growth rates were higher and diverged significantly between hemiclones GUT2 and HEL1. Tadpoles from the intrapopulational crosses GUT2 × GUT and HEL1 × HEL were larger at metamorphosis than those from the interpopulational crosses GUT2 × HEL and HEL1 × GUT. A high food level increased the size at metamorphosis in all tadpoles. A high food level also decreased the days to metamorphosis and tadpoles from GUT1, GUT3 and POZ had the shortest larval period whereas those from GUT2 and HEL1 had the longest. These results indicate that the differential compatibility of clonal genomes may play an important role in hybridogenetic species successfully using locally adapted sexual genomes of parental species and that interclonal selection is likely important in determining the distribution of hemiclones among local populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237883
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