Publication Date:
2022-08-22
Description:
Open conduit volcanoes like Stromboli can display elusive changes in activity
before major eruptive events. Starting on December 2020, Stromboli volcano
displayed an increasing eruptive activity, that on 19 May 2021 led to a crater-rim
collapse, with pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) that spread along the barren
NWflank, entered the sea and ran across it for more than 1 km. This episode was
followed by lava flow output from the crater rim lasting a few hours, followed by
another phase of lava flow in June 2021. These episodes are potentially very
dangerous on island volcanoes since a landslide of hot material that turns into a
pyroclastic density current and spreads on the sea surface can threaten
mariners and coastal communities, as happened at Stromboli on 3 July and
28 August 2019. In addition, on entering the sea, if their volume is large enough, landslides may trigger tsunamis, as occurred at Stromboli on 30 December
2002. In this paper, we present an integration of multidisciplinary monitoring
data, including thermal and visible camera images, ground deformation data
gathered from GNSS, tilt, strainmeter and GBInSAR, seismicity, SO2 plume and
CO2 ground fluxes and thermal data from the ground and satellite imagery,
together with petrological analyses of the erupted products compared with
samples from previous similar events. We aim at characterizing the preparatory
phase of the volcano that began on December 2020 and led to the May–June
2021 eruptive activity, distinguishing this small intrusion of magma from the
much greater 2019 eruptive phase, which was fed by gas-rich magma
responsible for the paroxysmal explosive and effusive phases of July–August
2019. These complex eruption scenarios have important implications for hazard
assessment and the lessons learned at Stromboli volcano may prove useful for
other open conduit active basaltic volcanoes.
Description:
This research was funded by the Project FIRSTForecastIng
eRuptive activity at Stromboli volcano: Timing,
eruptive style, size, intensity, and duration, INGV-Progetto
Strategico Dipartimento Vulcani 2019 (Delibera n. 144/2020).
This research was funded by the “Presidenza del Consiglio dei
Ministri–Dipartimento della Protezione Civile,” through the
UniFi-DPC 2019-2021 agreement (Scientific
Responsibility: N.C.).
Description:
Published
Description:
899635
Description:
5V. Processi eruttivi e post-eruttivi
Description:
JCR Journal
Keywords:
Stromboli volcano
;
multi-disciplinary monitoring data
;
crater-rim collapse
;
pyroclastic density current
;
hazard assessment
;
04.08. Volcanology
Repository Name:
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
Type:
article
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