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  • Ultrastructure  (77)
  • Springer  (77)
  • PANGAEA
  • 2020-2024
  • 2020-2023
  • 1985-1989  (35)
  • 1975-1979  (41)
  • 1965-1969  (1)
  • 1955-1959
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  • Springer  (77)
  • PANGAEA
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 165 (1976), S. 249-266 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Stretch receptor ; Urodele amphibia ; Ultrastructure ; Physiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Non-encapsulated, fine beaded nerve endings were found histologically on some muscle fibres in a number of limb muscles in newts and axolotls. They were present in newt muscles that had been chronically de-efferented, and in which no efferent activity survived, and were therefore likely to be sensory. They were located only on muscle fibres on or near the outside surface of the muscle. These small-diameter muscle fibres were characterised histochemically by low lipid, SDH and phosphorylase content; ultrastructurally by low glycogen content, and relatively large myofilaments poorly delimited by a sparse SR. There were many of this type (Type 1) that did not support sensory endings. A few endings occurred on another larger-diameter type of fibre (Type 2) whose properties were opposite to those listed above for Type 1. There was virtually no specialization of muscle fibre structure beneath the sensory endings. Physiological experiments involving ramp-and-hold and sinusoidal stretch applied to the muscle whilst recording single-unit afferent responses in m.ext. dig. III of axolotls showed unit responses very similar to those known from muscle spindles, particularly those of the frog.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 165 (1975), S. 113-127 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Milk fat globule ; Membrane ; Triglyceride content ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The primary milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) around freshly secreted milk fat globules consists of a unit membrane separated from the triglyceride core by a dense material. This dense material may widen to include cytoplasmic organelles or may form small blebs. Preincubation and fixation of the globules at temperatures between 4° C and 60° C has no effect on the width or appearance of the dense material. Isolated MFGM profiles show structures identical to those found on intact globules. The dense material on the isolated MFGM profiles is unaffected by extractions which remove essentially all the triglyceride present in the pellets of MFGM. The structure of the primary MFGM is therefore independent of any triglyceride content and the earlier suggestions that the dark material represented a triglyceride layer of high melting point adsorped during cooling of the globules after milking are not supported by the work described in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 242 (1985), S. 349-355 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Teeth (Vombatus ursinus) ; Enamel (regions) ; Ultrastructure ; Enamel (mature and developing)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A study of the enamel of continuously growing Vombatus ursinus molars was carried out using the techniques of light microscopy, hardness testing, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. From the erupted end to within 8 mm of the growing end, mature enamel was observed and it was found that between comparable areas there were no significant ultrastructural differences in enamel; however, small (∼12nm diameter), loosely packed needle-like crystals characteristic of developing enamel were observed near the growing end. Mature enamel was found to consist of three optically-translucent regions interleaved with two opaque regions. Opaque enamel was softer than translucent enamel. The opacity and relative softness characteristic of two of the enamel regions was not related to prism pattern or orientation; it was, however, related to the presence of voids (∼28 nm diameter) in these regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pancreatic endocrine cells ; Enteroendocrine cells ; Ultrastructure ; Cyprinidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pancreatic endocrine cells of Barbus conchonius are concentrated in a large (principal) islet, located near the gall bladder, and in a number of smaller islets. Five types of endocrine cells can be distinguished in these pancreatic islets: B cells, A1 (or D cells), 2 types of A2 cells (A2r cells with round granules; and A2fl cells with flocculent granules) and a scarce 5th cell type. The hormones produced by B and A2fl cells are probably insulin and glucagon respectively. The A2r cell contains granules with the same diameter as the granules of the enteroendocrine type III cell of the gut. Both cell types may resemble the enteroglucagon-producing EG cell of mammals. The function of the A1 cells, which are frequently found without secretory granules, and of the 5th cell type, will be discussed. The pancreatic islets of B. conchonius are strongly innervated, which suggests the presence of a direct nervous control system. Some intermediate or mixed cells containing exocrine and endocrine A2r granules are found contiguous with the principal islet. The origin of pancreatic endocrine cells is also the subject of discussion.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 245 (1986), S. 457-460 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Anterior pituitary ; Somatotroph ; Lactotroph ; Ultrastructure ; Immunocytochemistry ; Fetal and neonatal rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of immunoreactive somatotrophs and lactotrophs in pituitaries of fetal rats at 19, 20 and 21 days of gestation and on the day of birth was studied. Somatotrophs, first detectable at 19 days of gestation, undergo only minor modifications before reaching the structure described for adults. In particular there is an increase in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Lactotrophs, first identifiable in newborn rats, are very different in ultrastructure from adult cells, because the secretory granules are generally small, but variable in shape and size, and the Golgi complex is prominent.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Calcium localization ; Coccolithophorids ; Emiliania huxleyi ; Pyroantimonate ; Ultrastructure ; X-ray microanalysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Emiliania huxleyi is a coccolithophorid with a life cycle including a stage characterized by the occurrence of a scale-bearing cell type. The scales are composed of organic material and are produced in the cisternae of the Golgi apparatus. The present report deals with the ultrastructural calcium localization in scale-bearing cells using cation-precipitating agents. Cations were precipitated either with potassium pyroantimonate alone or according to a combined procedure in which cells are treated first with potassium oxalate, or potassium carbonate, or potassium phosphate, and then with potassium pyroantimonate. The distribution of electron-opaque deposits was the same when visualized by all four techniques. The most extensive deposits occurred in the Golgi apparatus, the “peripheral space” (a cellular compartment totally encompassing the protoplast), the multivesicular bodies, and the cell vacuole. X-ray microanalysis revealed that calcium was a constituent of the electron-opaque deposits. The uptake and transport of calcium, as universal functions of the Golgi apparatus, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 185 (1977), S. 43-62 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Isolated perfused heart (rat) ; Glycerol treatment ; Ultrastructure ; Electrolytes ; Inulin space
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Isolated rat hearts were perfused with a balanced electrolyte solution containing 1000mM glycerol for 15min and then perfused with normal electrolyte solution for up to 32 min. The perfusion with hypertonic glycerol solution and subsequent washout is termed “glycerol treatment”. Initially, glycerol removal causes swelling and rupture of the T-system in ventricular myocardial cells which correlates temporally with a period of cardiac arrest. Contractility returns during further glycerol removal and concomitant recovery of the T-system is observed. Atomic absorption spectometry and neutron activation analysis were used to measure ventricular sodium, potassium and calcium ion content. There is no apparent correlation between changes in ion content and cardiac arrest or recovery. The water movements were calculated from wet weight, dry weight and inulin space, and confirmed by morphometric analysis of extracellular and intracellular space. It is suggested that the swelling and rupture of the T-system is due to the rapid water movements that were observed during the onset of glycerol removal. Ultrastructural analysis of glycerol-treated atrium from the same hearts shows damage of mitochondria and of the L-system and intracellular edema. The structural changes are correlated with a loss of atrial contraction. As in ventricular myocardium, resumption of contraction is associated with an almost complete recovery from ultrastructural damage.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 25 (1978), S. 145-159 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bird egg shell ; Ultrastructure ; Calcification ; Electron diffraction ; Microanalysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The egg-shell of Japanese quail was studied by several techniques. Semithin sections (1μm thick) of non-decalcified shell were observed by normal and polarized light microscopy. Thin sections of non-decalcified shell, examined by transmission electron microscopy, permitted us to observe the forms and dimensions of crystals of calcite within different layers of the shell: mammilary layer, layer of cones, palissade layer and surface crystal layer. There appears to be two distinct zones in the layer of cones as well as in the superficial crystal layer. Electron microdiffraction revealed the orientation of calcite crystals in the columns. Some crystal defects (twins?) were described and the possibility of their artefactual formation during ultramicrotomy is discussed. Localization of Ca, Mg, P and S were made by X-ray microanalysis of semithin sections. This technique shows that shell membranes, and chiefly the true cuticle, are also mineralized but, in these layers, minerals are not crystallized. Otherwise the distribution of Mg is not uniform throughout the shell thickness; it is less concentrated in the external zone of the layer of cones. These results together with observation of developing shells by scanning electron microscopy allowed us to propose a scheme for shell organization of the quail egg. This organization was related with decalcification which occurs during hatching.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 196 (1987), S. 367-371 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Vitellogenesis ; Bufo marinus oocyte ; Yolk-platelet membrane ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Oocytes of the toad Bufo marinus have been studied by means of thin section and particularly freeze-fracture electron microscopy to characterize the cytoplasmic membranes around the yolk organelle, and the storage of yolk material in precursors and platelets. This appears to be a previously unknown type of yolk-platelet formation. During yolk-organelle development from the primordial precursor to the bi-partite fully grown yolk platelet, numerous lipoid droplets are attached to the periphery of the platelet, indicating an intense uptake of lipids. As is typical for amphibians, the fully grown yolk platelet has a crystalline internum covered by a dense osmiophilic externum, and the whole organelle is enveloped by a plasma membrane that shows no direct connection or fusion with endocytotic vesicles. The yolk membrane exhibits few intramembraneous particles (IMPs) at the core areas and some more where it borders fields of lipoid droplets. Here the IMPs show a net-like arrangement in the furrows between adjacent droplets.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 198 (1989), S. 92-102 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Vitellogenesis ; Xenopus oocyte ; Yolk-platelet membrane ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The yolk platelets ofXenopus laevis have been studied by thin-section and freeze-fracture electron microscopy to characterize the boundary membrane during yolk formation. Throughout vitellogenesis, large yolk platelets are in close contact with smaller nascent yolk organelles. Two types of primordial yolk platelets (I and II) have been discriminated. After membrane fusion these precursors can be completely incorporated into the main body of existing platelets, numerous yolk crystals then merge and form one uniformly stratified core. Lipid droplets are tightly attached to the membrane at all developmental stages of yolk platelets. A direct connection of endoplasmic reticulum to the membranes of yolk platelets was not observed. On freezeetching replicas, yolk-platelet membranes present fracture faces with intramembranous particles (IMP) of various sizes and a heterogeneous distribution of approximately 200–600 IMP/μm2 at the E face, and 1200–2100 IMP/μm2 at the P face. Again, this presentation of the membrane exhibits neither anastomoses to the endoplasmic reticulum, nor caveolae that exclude the uptake of yolk-containing vesicles into these yolk organelles. Proteinaceous yolk platelets tend to fracture along their periphery through the superficial layers.
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