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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (309)
  • 2020-2022
  • 1985-1989  (257)
  • 1975-1979  (52)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slow pulsatile movements of Schwann cells in vitro: A time-lapse cinemicrographic study (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 595-603 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: tissue culture ; Swann cell ; pulsatile movement ; time-lapse cinemicrography ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Slow pulsatile movements of Schwann cells in vitro were studied quantitatively by using time-lapse cinemicrography. Schwann cells from peripheral nerves of 3-day-old rats were cultured in serum-free medium. Most Schwann cells showed intermittent episodes of pulsatile movement; each episode consisted of one or several contractile pulses. About half of the episodes consisted of a single pulse, and episodes with more than four pulses were rare. The average episode of activity lasted 2.6 min, while the average duration of a single pulse was 1.5 min. The mean quiescent interval between episodes of activity was 3.7 min. Some cells showed no pulsatile activity. Active cells averaged 6.6 episodes/h. The fraction of time which a Schwann cell spent in pulsatile activity varied widely, with an average of 28%. Behavior of Schwann cells in HEPES-buffered Hanks saline was generally similar to that in the complete medium. Raising K+ to 40 mM or Ca++ to 10 mM did not markedly affect the time course of the pulsatile motility, although the contractions were more vigorous in the high Ca++. Pulsatile movement was reversibly inhibited by cytochalasin B and appeared to be potentiated by drugs that disrupt microtubules.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970060608
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression and mutation of Ca2+ ATPases of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 14 (1989), S. 26-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970140107
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of alpha-actinin from Acanthamoeba (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 649-661 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: actin ; gelation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Characterization of a protein from Acanthamoeba that was originally called gelation protein [T.D. Pollard, J. Biol. Chem. 256:7666-7670, 1981] has shown that it resembles the actin filament cross-linking protein, alpha-actinin, found in other cells. It comprises about 1.5% of the total amoeba protein and can be purified by chromatography with a yield of 13%. The native protein has a molecular weight of 180,000 and consists of two polypeptides of 90,000 Da. The Stokes' radius is 8.5 nm, the intrinsic viscosity is 0.35 dl/dm, and the extinction coefficient at 280 nm is 1.8 × 105M-1·cm-1. Electron micrographs of shadowed specimens show that the molecule is a rod 48 nm long and 7 nm wide with globular domains at both ends and in the middle of the shaft. On gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecylsulfate the pure protein can run as bands with apparent molecular weights of 60,000, 90,000, 95,000, or 134,000 depending on the method of sample preparation. Rabbit antibodies to electrophoretically purified Acanthamoeba alpha-actinin polypeptides react with all of these electrophoretic variants in samples of purified protein and cell extracts. By indirect fluorescent antibody staining of fixed amoebas, alpha-actinin is distributed throughout the cytoplasmic matrix and concentrated in the hyaline cytoplasm of the cortex. The protein cross-links actin filaments in the presence and absence of Ca++. It inhibits slightly the time course of the spontaneous polymerization of actin monomers but has no effect on the critical concentration for actin polymerization even though it increases the apparent rate of elongation to a small extent. Like some other cross-linking proteins, amoeba alpha-actinin inhibits the actin-activated ATPase of muscle myosin subfragment-1. Although Acanthamoeba alpha-actinin resembles the alpha-actinin from other cells in shape and ability to cross-link actin filaments, antibodies to amoeba and smooth muscle alpha-actinins do not cross react and there are substantial differences in the amino acid compositions and molecular dimensions.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970060613
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of a monoclonal antibody to a melanoma growth-stimulatory activity released into serum-free culture medium by Hs0294 malignant melanoma cells (1987)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 34 (1987), S. 169-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: monoclonal antibody ; melanoma growth stimulatory activity ; serum free culture medium ; Hs0294 malignant melanoma cells ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Autostimulatory growth factors may contribute to the ability of malignant cells to escape normal growth controls. We have previously shown that Hs0294 human malignant melanoma cells release into culture medium an acid-soluble, heat-stable, trypsin-sensitive, autostimulatory monolayer mitogen which can be purified from acetic acid extracts of conditioned medium by gel filtration, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and preparative electrophoresis. The majority of this melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (MGSA) resides in a 16-Kd moiety though bioactivity is also associated with 24-26 and 〈 14-Kd forms of MGSA (Richmond and Thomas: J Cell Physiol 129:375, 1986). In order to further characterize this growth factor, monoclonal antibodies were prepared against a partially purified preparation of the autostimulatory melanoma mitogen. Monoclonal antibody clones were selected based on supernate inhibition of 3H-thymidine incorporation in serum-free Hs0294 melanoma cultures. One of these, termed FB2AH7, slows, but does not completely block, the growth of Hs0294 cells in scrum-free medium in a dose-dependent manner. This antibody does not slow the growth of normal rat kidney fibroblasts, which neither produce nor require this mitogen, in either serum-free medium or medium containing 0.8% calf scrum. This monoclonal antibody also blocks the mitogenic effects of partially purified preparations of this melanoma growth stimulatory activity (MGSA) on both Hs0294 cells and normal rat kidney fibroblasts. The FB2AH7 antibody has been demonstrated to bind MGSA by Western blot and by immunoprecipitation procedures. Western blot analysis of reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography purified growth factor demonstrated that FB2AH7 antibody binds to the 16-Kd and ∼ 13-14-Kd forms of MGSA. FB2AH7 antibody can be used in immunoprecipitation experiments to bind the ∼ 13-16-Kd forms of MGSA. The specificity of the binding of FB2AH7 antibody for MGSA but not other growth factors has been demonstrated in a modified dot blot assay. These data thus support the hypothesis that MGSA is an autostimulatory melanoma mitogen distinct from other growth factors.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240340304
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hormone-dependent processing of the avian progesterone receptor (1988)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 36 (1988), S. 103-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: progesterone receptor ; avian ; processing ; phosphorylation ; degradation ; antibody probes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Avian progesterone receptor exists as two forms, A and B, with molecular weights of 79,000 and 110,000 daltons, respectively. The origin and significance of these two forms is an area of active investigation and debate. Monoclonal antibodies produced against these two forms were used to examine receptor stability in cytosol and changes in the receptor forms induced by hormone binding.The lability of hormone binding at elevated temperatures is well documented. Analysis by Western blotting showed the receptor was stable in freshly prepared oviduct cytosol for 2 hr at 37°C, while hormone binding was lost within 30 min. However, loss of receptor through degradation was seen when cytosol was prepared from frozen tissue or when homogenization was excessive.Progesterone was injected into diethylstilbestrol-stimulated chicks to examine, in vivo, effects of hormone treatment on receptor forms in the cytosol and nuclear fractions. Progesterone treatment caused a time- and dose-dependent conversion of the A receptor to a form (A′) with a slower electrophoretic mobility. The cytosolic progesterone receptor was divided equally between the B and A forms, while the nuclear receptor was predominantly A′. The amount of nuclear receptor was consistently less than cytosolic receptor. Receptor phosphorylation was analyzed by incubating tissue minces with [32P]orthophosphate with or without progesterone followed by immune isolation of receptor forms. Progesterone treatment caused a time-dependent increase in cytosol receptor phosphorylation which was evident after 5 min of treatment. This phosphorylation was observed with both the A and B receptor forms. The results indicate that receptor phosphorylation is a very early event during progesterone action.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240360202
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human restriction fragment length polymorphisms and cancer risk assessment (1986)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 30 (1986), S. 319-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: oncogenes ; Ha-ras ; restriction fragment length polymorphism ; human genetics ; cancer risk assessment ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The polymorphic restriction fragments of the human Ha-ras locus, produced by the variable tandem repetition (VTR) of a short consensus sequence, fall into three classes based on allelic frequencies. Alleles of the “rare” class (individual frequencies 〈 0.5%) have been detected only in white blood cell and tumor DNA of cancer patients. This phenomenon is independent of ethnic origin. No significant association of rare alleles with cancer patients has been demonstrated at an independent tandem repeat locus, VTR4.1. The results suggest that the Ha-ras restriction fragment length polymorphism is useful in cancer risk assessment.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240300405
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thy-1 is a differentiation antigen that characterizes immature murine erythroid and myeloid hematopoietic progenitors (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 123 (1985), S. 25-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: To determine the role of Thy-1 antigen in murine hematopoietic differentiation, bone marrow was treated with anti-Thy-1.2 antibody and complement or complement alone. Growth of immature hematopoietic progenitors, erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E), and granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM) was greatly reduced following antibody and complement treatment and was not restored by mitogen-stimulated spleen cell supernatants. In contrast, more mature erythroid and myeloid progenitors, the erythroid colony-forming unit (CFU-E) and the macrophage progenitor stimulated by L-cell-conditioned media (LCM), were spared by anti-Thy-1.2 antibody and complement treatment. Here, to separate the effects of anti-Thy-1.2 antibody treatment on accessory cells from those on progenitors, splenic T cells and thymocytes were added to treated marrow at ratios of up to 200%. Growth of BFU-E and CFU-GM was not restored. To more precisely replace required accessory cells, male complement-treated marrow was cocultured with female anti-Thy-1.2 antibody and complement-treated marrow. Even marrow cells failed to restore female BFU-E and CFU-GM growth. Fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) and immune sheep red cell rosetting with anti-Thy-1.2-labeled marrow were then performed to determine if immature hematopoietic progenitors bear Thy-1.2-positive fraction, demonstrating the presence of Thy-1.2 on early murine hematopoietic progenitors. CFU-E and CFU-M were present in the Thy-1.2-negative fraction following FACS separation. These data demonstrate that Thy-1.2 is a differentiation antigen, present on at least some murine BFU-E and CFU-GM and lost as they mature to CFU-E and CFU-M.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041230105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interleukin 3 and cell cycle progression (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 127 (1986), S. 403-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Interleukin 3 (IL-3) is a regulatory glycoprotein required for the proliferation and differentiation of cells from many if not all hemopoietic lineages. With the emergence of the competence-progression model of cell proliferation, which predicts that growth factors function at specific stages of the cell cycle, we examined the possibility that IL-3 functions at a specific stage of the cell cycle. C-63 cells were developed as a cell line from normal murine bone marrow. They have a mast cell phenotype and require pokeweed-stimulated spleen cell-conditioned medium (CM), a rich source of IL-3, for their continued growth. Exponentially growing cells were transferred from growth medium, which contains CM, to medium lacking CM or IL-3. After 24 hours, cell viability had decreased 40-50%. The remaining viable cells did not incorporate 3H-thymidine, and displayed a single peak at G1 in a DNA histogram. Restimulation of these cells with CM or IL-3 resulted in a dramatic rise in 3H-thymidine uptake 20-24 hours after restimulation. DNA histograms of restimulated cultures indicated that the cells were progressing in a wave-like fashion throughout the remainder of the cell cycle. The length of time necessary for cells to be in contact with CM or IL-3 before they could progress into the remainder of the cell cycle was also examined. Cells incubated with CM or IL-3 for less than 16 hours could not progress into S phase, whereas cells incubated for 16 hours or longer could progress into S phase and through the remainder of the cell cycle. These data suggest that IL-3 exerts its function at a specific stage of the cell cycle.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041270308
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific gene expression during compensatory renal hypertrophy in the rat (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 131 (1987), S. 29-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The compensatory growth of the kidney which is induced by unilateral ne-phrectomy is a highly regulated process resulting principally in hypertrophy of the remaining kidney. The events which regulate this process are unknown. We have examined the levels of transcripts for the proto-oncogenes, myc, H-ras, K-ras, and fos, and the cellular genes, H4 histone, ornithine aminotrans-ferase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, following unilateral nephrec-tomy in the rat. The pattern of expression of c-myc, c-H-ras, and c-K-ras during compensatory growth of the kidney differs from the pattern of expression of these proto-oncogenes during liver regeneration, in which, unlike the kidney, hyperplasia rather than hypertrophy predominates. The lack of change in the abundance of these proto-oncogene transcripts following unilateral nephrec-tomy suggests a primary relationship between the expression of these proto-oncogenes and DNA synthesis and indicates there may be separate signals for cell growth, one to double cell size and one to replicate DNA. Increased mRNA transcripts for the enzymes ornithine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase were induced in the contralateral kidney after ne-phrectomy. The time course of expression for these two enzymes differs. The early expression of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase gene may indicate an involvement of this glutathione-metabolizing enzyme during renal compensatory growth, while the function of the delayed increase in ornithine amino-transferase transcripts in the remaining kidney is not apparent.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041310106
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of messenger RNA stability in eukaryotic cells (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    BioEssays 6 (1987), S. 221-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Regulation of the cytoplasmic stability of mRNAs has recetly been identified as a major control mechanism which governs mRNA levels in a variety of eukaryotic systems. In this review we discuss what is known about several experimental systems that exhibit regulated mRNA stability, describe the mechanisms that cells may use to achieve control of mRNA degradation, and suggest areas of future investigation likely to provide new insights into this process.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950060507
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