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  • 1995-1999  (157)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 2591-2591 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1996-04-29
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 4705-4713 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A fully kinetic assessment of the stability properties of toroidal drift modes has been obtained for nonaxisymmetric (stellarator) geometry, in the electrostatic limit. This calculation is a comprehensive solution of the linearized gyrokinetic equation, using the lowest-order "ballooning representation" for high toroidal mode number instabilities, with a model collision operator. Results for toroidal drift waves destabilized by temperature gradients and/or trapped particle dynamics are presented, using three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic equilibria generated as part of a design effort for a quasiaxisymmetric stellarator. Comparisons of these results with those obtained for typical tokamak cases indicate that the basic trends are similar. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 1707-1713 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Neoclassical transport in the presence of large ion orbits is investigated. The study is motivated by the recent experimental results that ion thermal transport levels in enhanced confinement tokamak plasmas fall below the "irreducible minimum level" predicted by standard neoclassical theory. This apparent contradiction is resolved in the present analysis by relaxing the basic neoclassical assumption that the ions orbital excursions are much smaller than the local toroidal minor radius and the equilibrium scale lengths of the system. Analytical and simulation results are in agreement with trends from experiments. The development of a general formalism for neoclassical transport theory with finite orbit width is also discussed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 4074-4083 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The kinetic stability properties in a number of high performance discharges from the DIII-D tokamak [R. D. Stambaugh for the DIII-D Team, Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, 1994 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1995), Vol. 1, p. 83] have been analyzed utilizing a comprehensive kinetic eigenvalue code. The instability considered is the toroidal drift mode [trapped-electron-ion temperature gradient (ηi) mode]. This code has been interfaced with equilibria specific to DIII-D plasmas. Experimentally measured kinetic profile data, along with motional stark effect data and external magnetic data, was used, and the corresponding magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibria were computed numerically. In particular, a low confinement mode (L-mode) case, a high-li high confinement mode (H-mode) case, a very high confinement mode (VH-mode) case, and a high plasma pressure/poloidal magnetic pressure (βp) case have been analyzed. For the L-mode case, a wide region of instability was found, while for the H-mode and VH-mode and high-βp cases, only relatively narrow regions of instability were found. An assessment of the influence of velocity-shear flow on these instabilities has also been made, as well as of changes in the electron and ion temperature gradients and density gradients. While the experimental values of the sheared toroidal flow velocity are not sufficient to stabilize the instability, an increase by a factor of two to four in the flow velocity could completely stabilize this mode. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 1162-1167 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Drift mode linear growth rates and quasilinear transport are investigated using the FULL kinetic stability code [Rewoldt et al., Phys. Plasmas 5, 1815 (1998)] and a version of the Weiland transport model [Strand et al., Nucl. Fusion 38, 545 (1998)]. It is shown that the drift mode growth rates (as well as the marginal stability temperature gradient) obtained using the FULL code are dependent on the accuracy of the equilibrium employed. In particular, when an approximate equilibrium model is utilized by the FULL code, the results can differ significantly from those obtained using a more accurate numerical equilibrium. Also investigated are the effects of including full electron physics. It is shown, using both the FULL code and the Weiland model, that the nonadiabatic (e.g., trapped) electron response produces a significant increase in the linear growth rate of the ion-temperature-gradient (ITG) driven branch of the drift instability. Other consequences of the nonadiabatic electron response include a reduction in the marginal temperature gradient for the onset of the ITG mode and an additional contribution to transport due to the excitation of the Trapped Electron Mode (TEM). Physical explanations are given for the sensitivity of the mode growth rates to the equilibrium and the nonadiabatic electron response. Finally, linear growth rates for the ITG mode computed using the FULL code are compared with growth rates obtained using the Weiland model. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 1035-1049 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A linear gyrokinetic system for arbitrary wavelength electromagnetic modes is developed. A wide range of modes in inhomogeneous plasmas, such as the internal kink modes, the toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE) modes, and the drift modes, can be recovered from this system. The inclusion of most of the interesting physical factors into a single framework enables one to look at many familiar modes simultaneously, and thus to study the modifications of and the interactions between them in a systematic way. Especially, it is possible to investigate self-consistently the kinetic magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) phenomena entirely from the kinetic side. Phase space Lagrangian Lie perturbation methods and a newly developed computer algebra package for vector analysis in general coordinate system are utilized in the analytical derivation. In tokamak geometries, a two-dimensional finite element code has been developed and tested. In this paper, the basic theoretical formalism and some of the preliminary results are presented. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Sheared rotation dynamics are widely believed to have significant influence on experimentally-observed confinement transitions in advanced operating modes in major tokamak experiments, such as the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [D. J. Grove and D. M. Meade, Nucl. Fusion 25, 1167 (1985)], with reversed magnetic shear regions in the plasma interior. The high-n toroidal drift modes destabilized by the combined effects of ion temperature gradients and trapped particles in toroidal geometry can be strongly affected by radially-sheared toroidal and poloidal plasma rotation. In previous work with the FULL linear microinstability code, a simplified rotation model including only toroidal rotation was employed, and results were obtained. Here, a more complete rotation model, which includes contributions from toroidal and poloidal rotation and the ion pressure gradient to the total radial electric field, is used for a proper self-consistent treatment of this key problem. Relevant advanced operating mode cases for TFTR are presented. In addition, the complementary problem of the dynamics of fluctuation-driven E×B flow is investigated by an integrated program of gyrokinetic simulation in annulus geometry and gyrofluid simulation in flux tube geometry. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1959-1966 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Improvements in tokamak transport have recently been obtained in a variety of operational modes through the formation of transport barriers, or good confinement radial zones. Here global nonlinear three-dimensional toroidal gyrokinetic simulation is used to study three effects that are linearly stabilizing and may cause the formation of transport barriers, namely, sheared toroidal rotation, reversed magnetic shear, and peaked density profiles. The effect of toroidal shear flow on ion heat diffusivity is found to be relatively weak compared to mixing-length expectations based on linear calculations. In contrast, it is found that weak or negative magnetic shear (s〈1/2) in combination with a peaked density profile relative to the temperature profile greatly suppresses ion-temperature-gradient-driven turbulence in the central region of global nonlinear simulations. Similar features are seen experimentally in reversed magnetic shear tokamak plasmas. There is some nonlocal penetration (∼20–30ρi) of the turbulence into the subcritical core region. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A band of high-frequency modes in the range 50–150 kHz with intermediate toroidal mode numbers 4〈n〈10 are commonly observed in the core of supershot plasmas on TFTR [R. Hawryluk, Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 33, 1509 (1991)]. Two distinct varieties of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes are identified, corresponding to a flute-like mode predominantly appearing around the q=1 surface and an outward ballooning mode for q(approximately-greater-than)1. The flute-like modes have nearly equal amplitude on the high-field and low-field side of the magnetic axis, and are mostly observed in moderate performance supershot plasmas with τE〈2τL, while the ballooning-like modes have enhanced amplitude on the low-field side of the magnetic axis and tend to appear in higher performance supershot plasmas with τE(approximately-greater-than)2τL, where τL is the equivalent L-mode confinement time. Both modes appear to propagate in the ion diamagnetic drift direction and are highly localized with radial widths Δr∼5–10 cm, fluctuation levels ñ/n, T˜e/Te〈0.01, and radial displacements ξr∼0.1 cm. Unlike the toroidally localized high-n activity observed just prior to major and minor disruptions on TFTR [E. D. Fredrickson et al., Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Seville, Spain (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1995), No. IAEA-CN-60/A-2-II-5], these modes are typically more benign and may be indicative of MHD activity excited by resonant circulating beam ions. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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