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  • Chemistry  (52)
  • Animals  (13)
  • Astrophysics  (5)
  • 2020-2022  (2)
  • 2005-2009  (10)
  • 1995-1999  (11)
  • 1980-1984  (46)
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  • 1
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    Inhibition of Protease Activity in Muscle Extracts and Surimi from Pacific Whiting, Merluccius productus, and Arrowtooth Flounder, Atheresthes stomias (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/9864 | 403 | 2012-08-16 20:41:57 | 9864 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: Muscle extracts of Pacific whiting, Merluccius productus, and arrowtooth flounder, Atheresthes stomias, were assayed for proteolytic activity using azocasein as a substrate. Pacific whiting extracts showed maximum activity at pH 5.0-5.2 and a temperature of 50°C, while arrowtooth flounder extracts had maximum activity at pH 5.5 and 55°C. Three sources of inhibitors (potatoes, egg white, beef plasma protein) were evaluated in vitro for inhibition of protease activity. All three were found to be effective inhibitors in crude muscle extracts. Further studies utilizing these inhibitors in surimi showed that potato was equivalent to both egg white and beef plasma protein in preserving the gel forming characteristics ofheated kamaboko in both species.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 10-15
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  • 2
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    PCB desorption kinetics under realistic shear and turbulence [progress report] (2021)
    University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19005 | 130 | 2015-12-01 18:48:40 | 19005 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: We hypothesize that the impact of PCB desorption from resuspended sediments depends upon the intensity of the resuspension (which scales to bottom stress in the absence of organisms), the rate at which each congener desorbs (which depends on the size and hydrophobicity of the chemical, the relative amount of 'labile' and 'resistant' forms, and the size distribution of the suspended particles), and the residence time of the particles in the water column (which depends on the time-variable water column turbulence regime and the particle settling velocities). In order to accurately quantify the impact of PCB desorption from Hudson River sediments, we are conducting experiments that realistically mimic bottom shear stress and water column turbulence and rapidly measure PCB congener release. The objectives of this study are to measure the kinetics of PCB congener desorption from Hudson River sediments under realistic bottom shear and water column turbulence conditions and to quantify the impact of shear stress and contaminant aging on PCB desorption kinetics.
    Description: Hudson River Foundation
    Description: Ref. No. [UMCES] CBL 004-018
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Environment ; Pollution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 6
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of oxygen diffusion on the surface photooxidation of polystyrene (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 4471-4476 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This paper further illustrates the applicability of multiple internal reflectance infrared spectroscopy to the analysis of near-surface photooxidation. The results are compared with transmission infrared spectra to evaluate compositional gradients resulting from photooxidation and the influence of oxygen diffusion. The sample was a solvent-cast film of atactic, narrow distribution polystyrene, Mw of 100,000, that had been drawn to a ratio of 3.0 at 110°C by solid state coextrusion. Irradiation of these thin films, ∼25μm thickness, was performed on exposure to air at 35°C for periods of up to 6 h using a mercury source emitting at 254 nm. On photooxidation, a board peak appears at 3200-3500 cm-1, attributable to hydroperoxide formation. The most dramatic increase in the infrared spectra is found for a carbonyl band at 1730 cm-1. It appears to result from an aromatic acid group since it is shifted to 1660 cm-1 on immersion of the oxidized polystyrene films in aqueous ammonium hydroxide. It is confirmed that the photooxidation of polystyrene occurs preferentially at the surface and that this reaction rate is greatly reduced in the drawn polystyrene film.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070271134
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solution NMR study of the post-polymerization crosslinking agent N,N′-(2-propyloximino)-4,4′-methylenebis(phenylcarbamate). I (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 2299-2305 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Because of its possible use as a blocked “post-polymerization crosslinking agent” for polymers containing labile hydrogen, the structure of the acetone oxime adduct of 4,4′-methylenebis-(phenylisocyanate) has been determined. 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has identified this product to be N,N′-(2-propyloximino)-4,4′-methylenebis(phenylcarbamate). Chemical shift assignments were based on information obtained by proton decoupled, off-resonance decoupled, and gated decoupled 13C-NMR, proton-NMR, and semiemperical substituent chemical shift (SCS) parameters.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1984.070290706
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiative transfer in photocatalytic systems (1996)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 42 (1996), S. 532-537 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Radiation absorption at the surface of catalytic particles is the initial step of photocatalytic oxidation reactions currently considered for their potential effectiveness in the treatment of polluted water with traces of highly toxic organics. Owing to the presence of catalyst particles within the fluid phase, the radiation field within a photocatalytic reactor results from the absorption and scattering within the participating medium. An annular reactor with a coaxial central lamp was considered, and the resulting 2-D radiation field was analyzed using a Monte Carlo technique to solve the radiative transfer equation. Results are discussed based on the relevant optical parameters, and a heuristic is derived for the design and rating of a photocatalytic reactor. To exploit the reaction volume effectively, the order of magnitude of the optical thickness should be close to unity, and for a given value of the absorption coefficient the catalyst with the lowest albedo should be selected; however, a precise evaluation of the phase function is not crucial to a relable representation of the radiation field.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690420222
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bethe-Bloch stopping power parameters for polystyrene, kapton, and mylar (1997)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 65 (1997), S. 997-1003 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Values of several parameters appearing in the modified Bethe-Bloch theory must be known if one is to calculate the stopping power for a given projectile-target combination within the energy interval of applicability of the theory. In the course of the past several years, the author has established values for kapton and mylar target materials through fits of experimental data with the modified Bethe-Bloch theory. During the past year, several sets of measurements of polystyrene stopping powers for light projectiles have been studied so as to extract values of Bethe-Bloch parameters also for this target material. Results of these studies, including uncertainties in the parameter values that reflect the number and accuracy of the measurements analyzed, are summarized in this presentation.   © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 65: 997-1003, 1997
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bethe-Bloch stopping-power parameters for GaAs and ZnSe (1998)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 70 (1998), S. 919-924 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: If one is to calculate the stopping power for a specified projectile-target combination within the energy interval of applicability of modified Bethe-Bloch theory, values of several parameters appearing in the formulation must be ascertained. In the past, the author has established such values for numerous target materials through fits of stopping-power measurements with modified Bethe-Bloch theory. However, the semiconductor materials ZnSe and GaAs have not yet been thus characterized. A set of very recent measurements of the stopping powers of each compound for low-energy protons and alpha particles, reported by members of the Helsinki group, has been analyzed in order to remedy this dearth of parameter values. Moreover, some corresponding measurements for 7Li ions traversing ZnSe have been analyzed for the purpose of obtaining the value of a single effective charge parameter. Results of these studies are reasonably consistent with expectations, and values are recommended for the mean excitation energy and the Barkas-effect parameter for each compound.   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 70: 919-924, 1998
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A latent entanglement model for the draw of semicrystalline polymers (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 16 (1995), S. 813-819 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A novel molecular model, the latent entanglement, is proposed to explain the relationships between ductilities of polyethylene reactor powders and different conditions of synthesis. According to Hoffman's variable cluster model, irregularities in the crystallite fold surface increase as the synthesis temperature is decreased. The concept of latent entanglement stems from the potentiality of these defects to convert into active entanglements when the involved chain segments are drawn out of the crystals.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1995.030161106
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning force microscopy and effective medium theory study of free-standing polyaniline thin films (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 2167-2173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: scanning force microscopy ; electric conductivity ; polyaniline ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The technique of scanning force microscopy was used to study the nanometer-scale structure of NMP cast films of polyaniline. Noncontact mode images provide direct evidence that polyaniline prepared in this form is a granular conductor. The films were found to consist of micrograins whose size and density were determined by the pH of the acid solution used to protonate the films. At pH 7, the polyaniline films exhibited a mostly disordered structure, with small 2-10 nm particles visible. Protonation at pH 5 to pH 3 resulted in partial agglomeration of the primary particles into larger bundles, with sizes up to 75 nm. Treatment in solution pHs of 2 or less resulted in films consisting of close-packed bundles of dimension 20-30 nm. The conductivity of the films exhibited a sharp rise beginning with protonation at pH 2 or less. Effective medium theory (EMT), was used to model the macroscopic conductivity of these films based on the SPM measured microscopic film structure. Using the size and size distribution of polymer micrograins or bundles in a modified EMT, we are able to obtain predicted conductivities that are close to the measured values for these films. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090331508
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheology of concentrated solutions of poly(γ-benzyl-glutamate) (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 34 (1996), S. 2271-2289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Steady shear viscosity, dynamic viscosity, dynamic modulus, and normal force were measured via rotational rheometry for concentrated solutions of racemic mixtures of poly(benzyl-glutamate) and poly(benzyl-D-glutamate) in m-cresol. A transition from the isotropic state to liquid-crystalline order with increase in concentration was indicated by optical anisotropy and maxima in all four material functions. This occurred at a critical concentration higher than the Flory prediction. Over a well-defined range of concentrations and shear stresses, some of the liquid-crystalline solutions exhibited negative first normal-stress differences that were not due to inertial effects.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1996.938
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