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  • 11
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    Sequence of the immunodominant epitope for the surface protein on sporozoites of Plasmodium vivax (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: Plasmodium vivax is one of the four malaria parasites that cause disease in humans. The structure of the immunodominant repeating peptide of the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of P. vivax was determined. A fragment of P. vivax DNA that encodes this tandemly repeating epitope was isolated by use of an oligonucleotide probe whose sequence is thought to be conserved in CS protein genes. DNA sequence analysis of the P. vivax clone indicates that the CS repeat is nine amino acids in length (Gly-Asp-Arg-Ala-Asp-Gly-Gln-Pro-Ala). The structure of the repeating region was confirmed with synthetic peptides and monoclonal antibodies directed against P. vivax sporozoites. This information should allow synthesis of a vaccine for P. vivax that is similar to the one being tested for P. falciparum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCutchan, T F -- Lal, A A -- de la Cruz, V F -- Miller, L H -- Maloy, W L -- Charoenvit, Y -- Beaudoin, R L -- Guerry, P -- Wistar, R Jr -- Hoffman, S L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1381-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2416057" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Epitopes/*genetics ; *Genes ; Plasmodium vivax/*immunology ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Visualization of viral clearance in the living animal (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-04-24
    Description: The early events in viral dissemination via the bloodstream were identified by monitoring the fate of 123I-radiolabeled reovirus after it was injected intravenously in rats. Continuous scintillation camera imaging showed that reovirus serotypes 1 and 3 were cleared from the circulation in less than 10 minutes by specific and distinct target organs. Reovirus serotype 1 accumulated predominantly in the lungs and the liver, whereas serotype 3 accumulated in the liver and the spleen with very little virus uptake by the lungs. Incubation of reovirus serotype 1 with a monoclonal antibody directed against the viral hemagglutinin before injection totally inhibited the clearance of the virus by the lungs. Similar results were obtained when viruses biolabeled with 35S were used. These results demonstrate that viruses can be rapidly transported through the bloodstream to specific target organs and that the localization of the viruses depends on the interaction between specific viral surface components and the target organ.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Verdin, E M -- Maratos-Flier, E -- Kahn, C R -- Sodoyez, J C -- Sodoyez-Goffaux, F -- De Vos, C J -- Lynn, S P -- Fields, B N -- AI 3178/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AM 01252/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Apr 24;236(4800):439-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3031817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Mammalian orthoreovirus 3/physiology ; Reoviridae/immunology/*physiology ; Reoviridae Infections/*microbiology ; Time Factors ; Tissue Distribution
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Structurally distinct, stage-specific ribosomes occur in Plasmodium (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-11-13
    Description: Two structurally distinct nuclear genes code for cytoplasmic small subunit ribosomal RNA's in the parasite Plasmodium berghei. Stable transcripts from one of the ribosomal RNA genes are found almost exclusively in those stages of the life cycle that develop in the mosquito. When the parasite infects the mammalian host, transcripts from the second gene become the predominant small subunit ribosomal RNA species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gunderson, J H -- Sogin, M L -- Wollett, G -- Hollingdale, M -- de la Cruz, V F -- Waters, A P -- McCutchan, T F -- GM 32964/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Nov 13;238(4829):933-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, CO 80206.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3672135" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Genes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Plasmodium/*genetics/growth & development ; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics ; Ribosomes/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 14
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    Rapid stimulation of diacylglycerol production in Xenopus oocytes by microinjection of H-ras p21 (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-10-23
    Description: The p21 products of ras proto-oncogenes are thought to be important components in pathways regulating normal cell proliferation and differentiation. These proteins acquire transforming properties as a result of activating lesions that convert ras genes to oncogenes in a wide array of malignancies. In Xenopus laevis oocytes, microinjection of transforming ras p21 is a potent inducer of maturation, whereas microinjection of a monoclonal antibody to ras p21 inhibits normal maturation induced by hormones. The phosphoinositide pathway is a ubiquitous system that appears to play a key role in diverse cellular functions. By use of the Xenopus oocyte system, it was possible to quantitate the effects of ras p21 microinjection on individual components of the phosphoinositide pathway. Within 20 minutes of microinjection, levels of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, inositol 1-phosphate, and inositol bisphosphate increased 1.5- to 2-fold. The most striking effects were on diacylglycerol, which increased 5-fold under the same conditions. In contrast, the normal ras p21 protein induced no detectable alteration in any of the metabolites analyzed. The earliest effects of the transforming p21 on phosphoinositol turnover were observable within 2 minutes, implying a very rapid effect of ras p21 on the enzymes involved in phospholipid metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lacal, J C -- de la Pena, P -- Moscat, J -- Garcia-Barreno, P -- Anderson, P S -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):533-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2821623" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Diglycerides/*biosynthesis ; Female ; Glycerides/*biosynthesis ; Glycerol/metabolism ; Inositol/metabolism ; Inositol Phosphates/biosynthesis ; Kinetics ; Microinjections ; Oocytes/drug effects/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate ; Phosphatidylinositols/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) ; Xenopus laevis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Depolarization and muscarinic excitation induced in a sympathetic ganglion by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-08-30
    Description: The effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in the superior cervical ganglion of the cat were studied in vitro and in vivo with sucrose gap and multiunit recording, respectively. At a dose of 0.03 to 0.12 nanomole, VIP produced a dose-dependent, prolonged (3 to 15 minutes) depolarization of the ganglion and enhanced the ganglionic depolarization elicited by the muscarinic agonist acetyl-beta-methylcholine. At a dose of 1.8 to 10 nanomoles, the peptide enhanced and prolonged the postganglionic discharge elicited by acetyl-beta-methylcholine, enhanced muscarinic transmission in ganglia treated with an anticholinesterase agent, and enhanced the late muscarinic discharge elicited by acetylcholine. VIP did not affect the early nicotinic discharge elicited by acetylcholine or by electrical stimulation of the preganglionic nerve. It is concluded that VIP has a selective facilitatory action on muscarinic excitatory mechanisms in the superior cervical ganglion of the cat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kawatani, M -- Rutigliano, M -- de Groat, W C -- AM 317888/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- MH 30915/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS 18075/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 30;229(4716):879-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3895438" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Ganglia, Sympathetic/drug effects/*physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Methacholine Chloride ; Methacholine Compounds/pharmacology ; Receptors, Muscarinic/drug effects/*physiology ; Receptors, Nicotinic/drug effects/physiology ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Retinal S antigen identified as the 48K protein regulating light-dependent phosphodiesterase in rods (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-17
    Description: Retinal S antigen chromatographically purified from whole retina, induces experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis in laboratory animals. The 48K protein, a soluble protein found in rod outer segments, is purified through its specific binding to photoexcited rhodopsin and is involved in the quenching of light-induced guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate-phosphodiesterase activity. Biochemical, immunological, functional, and pathological tests showed that retinal S antigen and the 48K protein are identical.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pfister, C -- Chabre, M -- Plouet, J -- Tuyen, V V -- De Kozak, Y -- Faure, J P -- Kuhn, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):891-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988124" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases/*metabolism ; Animals ; *Antigens/isolation & purification ; Arrestin ; Autoimmune Diseases/etiology ; Cattle ; Eye Proteins/immunology/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Light ; Molecular Weight ; Photoreceptor Cells/*enzymology ; Rats ; Retina/analysis/*immunology ; Rod Cell Outer Segment/analysis/immunology ; Uveitis/etiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Atrial natriuretic factor: a hormone produced by the heart (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-15
    Description: Systematic studies on the significance of the secretory-like morphological characteristic of cardiac atrial muscle cells of mammals led to the finding that these cells produce a polypeptide hormone. This hormone, described in 1981 as atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), is diuretic (natriuretic), hypotensive, and has an inhibitory effect on renin and aldosterone secretion. Thus, ANF probably intervenes in the short- and long-term control of water and electrolyte balance and of blood pressure. Phylogenetically, ANF appears early, suggesting different functions for this peptide in accordance with each species' environment. Knowledge of the properties of the hormone should provide insights into the pathophysiology of important clinical entities and lead to the development of new pharmaceutical products.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Bold, A J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):767-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2932797" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amphibians ; Animals ; Atrial Function ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics/*physiology ; Birds ; Cattle ; Cytoplasmic Granules/ultrastructure ; Fishes ; Heart/*physiology ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Myocardium/cytology/ultrastructure ; Rats ; Reptiles ; Rodentia ; Sinoatrial Node/cytology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 18
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    Promoting functional plasticity in the damaged nervous system (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-03-29
    Description: Damage to the central and peripheral nervous system often produces lasting functional deficits. A major focus of neuroscience research has been to enhance functional restitution of the damaged nervous system and thereby produce recovery of behavioral or physiological processes. Promising procedures include surgical, physical, and chemical manipulations to reduce scar formation and minimize the disruption of support elements, administration of growth-stimulating substances, tissue grafts to bridge gaps in fiber pathways, and embryonic brain tissue grafts to provide new cells with the potential to generate fiber systems. Two elements are required for functional nervous system repair: (i) neurons with the capacity to extend processes must be present, and (ii) the regenerating neurites must find a continuous, unbroken pathway to appropriate targets through a supportive milieu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freed, W J -- de Medinaceli, L -- Wyatt, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 29;227(4694):1544-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975624" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Amphibians ; Animals ; Axons/physiology ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Central Nervous System/embryology ; Gangliosides/physiology ; Glycoproteins/physiology ; Lampreys ; Nerve Growth Factors/physiology ; Nerve Regeneration ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurosecretory Systems/physiology ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; Peripheral Nerves/physiology ; Rats ; Retina/physiology ; Spinal Cord Injuries/physiopathology ; *Trauma, Nervous System
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Peptide neurotoxins from fish-hunting cone snails (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: To paralyze their more agile prey, the venomous fish-hunting cone snails (Conus) have developed a potent biochemical strategy. They produce several classes of toxic peptides (conotoxins) that attack a series of successive physiological targets in the neuromuscular system of the fish. The peptides include presynaptic omega-conotoxins that prevent the voltage-activated entry of calcium into the nerve terminal and release of acetylcholine, postsynaptic alpha-conotoxins that inhibit the acetylcholine receptor, and muscle sodium channel inhibitors, the mu-conotoxins, which directly abolish muscle action potentials. These distinct peptide toxins share several common features: they are relatively small (13 to 29 amino acids), are highly cross-linked by disulfide bonds, and strongly basic. The fact that they inhibit sequential steps in neuromuscular transmission suggests that their action is synergistic rather than additive. Five new omega-conotoxins that block presynaptic calcium channels are described. They vary in their activity against different vertebrate classes, and also in their actions against different synapses from the same animal. There are susceptible forms of the target molecule in peripheral synapses of fish and amphibians, but those of mice are resistant. However, the mammalian central nervous system is clearly affected, and these toxins are thus of potential significance for investigating the presynaptic calcium channels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Olivera, B M -- Gray, W R -- Zeikus, R -- McIntosh, J M -- Varga, J -- Rivier, J -- de Santos, V -- Cruz, L J -- GM 22737/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1338-43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Feeding Behavior ; Fishes ; Mice ; Mollusk Venoms/*isolation & purification/toxicity ; Neurotoxins/*isolation & purification ; Peptide Fragments/analysis ; Snails/*physiology ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 20
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    Detection of DNA sequences in nuclei in suspension by in situ hybridization and dual beam flow cytometry (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: This report describes the fluorescence hybridization of DNA sequence probes to interphase nuclei in suspension and the quantification of bound probe by dual beam flow cytometry. Nuclear proteins were first cross-linked with dimethylsuberimidate to prevent disintegration of the nuclei during denaturation and hybridization. To demonstrate that in situ hybridization can be performed in suspension, stabilized mouse thymocyte nuclei were hybridized with a probe for mouse satellite DNA sequences. The DNA probes were labeled with 2-acetylaminofluorene. After hybridization, an indirect immunofluorescent labeling procedure was used to visualize the target sequences. With dual beam flow cytometry, both the amount of hybridized probe and the DNA content of individual nuclei were determined. Thus, the specificity of DNA hybridization can be combined with the speed and quantitative analysis provided by flow cytometry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trask, B -- van den Engh, G -- Landegent, J -- in de Wal, N J -- van der Ploeg, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1401-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2416058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2-Acetylaminofluorene/pharmacology ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bisbenzimidazole ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Satellite/genetics ; Dimethyl Suberimidate/pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry/methods ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Mice ; *Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Thymus Gland/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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