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  • Other Sources  (11)
  • 2010-2014  (11)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999
  • 1960-1964
  • 2010  (11)
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  • 2010-2014  (11)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999
  • 1960-1964
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  • 1
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    Direct Retrieval of Sulfur Dioxide Amount and Altitude from Spaceborne Hyperspectral UV Measurements: Theory and Application (2010)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We describe the physical processes by which a vertically localized absorber perturbs the top-of-atmosphere solar backscattered ultraviolet (UV) radiance. The distinct spectral responses to perturbations of an absorber in its column amount and layer altitude provide the basis for a practical satellite retrieval technique, the Extended Iterative Spectral Fitting (EISF) algorithm, for the simultaneous retrieval of these quantities of a SO2 plume. In addition, the EISF retrieval provides an improved UV aerosol index for quantifying the spectral contrast of apparent scene reflectance at the bottom of atmosphere bounded by the surface and/or cloud; hence it can be used for detection of the presence or absence of UV absorbing aerosols. We study the performance and characterize the uncertainties of the EISF algorithm using synthetic backscattered UV radiances, retrievals from which can be compared with those used in the simulation. Our findings indicate that the presence of aerosols (both absorbing and nonabsorbing) does not cause large errors in EISF retrievals under most observing conditions when they are located below the SO2 plume. The EISF retrievals assuming a homogeneous field of view can provide accurate column amounts for inhomogeneous scenes, but they always underestimate the plume altitudes. The EISF algorithm reduces systematic errors present in existing linear retrieval algorithms that use prescribed SO2 plume heights. Applying the EISF algorithm to Ozone Monitoring Instrument satellite observations of the recent Kasatochi volcanic eruption, we demonstrate the successful retrieval of effective plume altitude of volcanic SO2, and we also show the improvement in accuracy in the corresponding SO2 columns.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: GSFC.JA.4623.2011 , Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 115
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  • 2
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    Measuring Parameters of Massive Black Hole Binaries with Partially-Aligned Spins (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: It is important to understand how well the gravitational-wave observatory LISA can measure parameters of massive black hole binaries. It has been shown that including spin precession in the waveform breaks degeneracies and produces smaller expected parameter errors than a simpler, precession-free analysis. However, recent work has shown that gas in binaries can partially align the spins with the orbital angular momentum, thus reducing the precession effect. We show how this degrades the earlier results, producing more pessimistic errors in gaseous mergers. However, we then add higher harmonics to the signal model; these also break degeneracies, but they are not affected by the presence of gas. The harmonics often restore the errors in partially-aligned binaries to the same as, or better than/ those that are obtained for fully precessing binaries with no harmonics. Finally, we investigate what LISA measurements of spin alignment can tell us about the nature of gas around a binary,
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: JSI The Ins and Outs; Nov 15, 2010 - Nov 17, 2010; Annapolis, MD; United States
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  • 3
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    Analysis of Particulate Contamination During Launch of MMS Mission (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: NASA's Magnetospheric MultiScale (MMS) is an unmanned constellation of four identical spacecraft designed to investigate magnetic reconnection by obtaining detailed measurements of plasma properties in Earth's magnetopause and magnetotail. Each of the four identical satellites carries a suite of instruments which characterize the ambient ion and electron energy spectrum and composition. Some of these instruments utilize microchannel plates and are sensitive to particulate contamination. In this paper, we analyze the transport of particulates during pre-launch, launch and ascent events, and use the analysis to obtain quantitative predictions of contamination impact on the instruments. Viewfactor calculation is performed by considering the gravitational and aerodynamic forces acting on the particles.
    Keywords: Space Sciences (General)
    Type: LEGNEW-OLDGSFC-GSFC-LN-1114 , SPIE Optics and Photonics Conference; Aug 01, 2010 - Aug 05, 2010; San Diego, CA; United States
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  • 4
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    The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Detection or Sunyaev-Zel'Dovich Decrement in Groups and Clusters Associated with Luminous Red Galaxies (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: We present a detection of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) decrement associated with the Luminous Red Galaxy (LRG) sample of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The SZ data come from 148 GHz maps of the equatorial region made by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). The LRG sample is divided by luminosity into four bins, and estimates for the central Sunyaev-Zel'dovich temperature decrement are calculated through a stacking process. We detect and account for a bias of the SZ signal due to weak radio sources. We use numerical simulations to relate the observed decrement to Y(sub 200) and clustering properties to relate the galaxy luminosity bins to mass. We also use a relation between BCG luminosity and cluster mass based on stacked gravitational lensing measurements to estimate the characteristic halo masses. The masses are found to be in the range approx.10(exp 13) - 10(exp 14)/h Stellar Mass, a lower range than has been previously probed.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: GSFC.JA.5519.2011
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  • 5
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    The General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT): Current Features And Adding Custom Functionality (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: The General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT) is a software system for trajectory optimization, mission analysis, trajectory estimation, and prediction developed by NASA, the Air Force Research Lab, and private industry. GMAT's design and implementation are based on four basic principles: open source visibility for both the source code and design documentation; platform independence; modular design; and user extensibility. The system, released under the NASA Open Source Agreement, runs on Windows, Mac and Linux. User extensions, loaded at run time, have been built for optimization, trajectory visualization, force model extension, and estimation, by parties outside of GMAT's development group. The system has been used to optimize maneuvers for the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) and ARTEMIS missions and is being used for formation design and analysis for the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (MMS).
    Keywords: Computer Programming and Software; Astrodynamics
    Type: LEGNEW-OLDGSFC-GSFC-LN-1107 , International Conference on Astrodynamics Tools and Techniques (ICATT); May 03, 2010 - May 06, 2010; Madrid; Spain
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  • 6
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    Flight Performance of the Inflatable Reentry Vehicle Experiment II (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: The Inflatable Reentry Vehicle Experiment II launched August 17, 2009, from NASA Wallops Flight Facility. The three mission objectives were to demonstrate inflation and re-entry survivability, assess the thermal and drag performance of the reentry vehicle, and to collect flight data for comparison with analysis and design techniques used in vehicle development. The flight was a complete success, with the re-entry vehicle separating cleanly from the launcher, inflating as planned, and demonstrating stable flight through reentry and descent while on-board systems telemetered video and flight performance data to the ground.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NF1676L-10402 , International Planetary Probe Workshop 2010 (IPPW-7); Jun 14, 2010 - Jun 18, 2010; Barcelona, Spain; Spain
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  • 7
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    X-Ray Measured Dynamics of Tycho's Supernova Remnant (2010)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-24
    Description: We present X-ray proper-motion measurements of the forward shock and reverse-shocked ejecta in Tycho's supernova remnant, based on three sets of archival Chandra data taken in 2000, 2003, and 2007. We find that the proper motion of the edge of the remnant (i.e., the forward shock and protruding ejecta knots) varies from 0.''20 yr-1 (expansion index m = 0.33, where R = tm ) to 0.''40 yr-1 (m = 0.65) with azimuthal angle in 2000-2007 measurements, and 0.''14 yr-1 (m = 0.26) to 0.''40 yr-1 (m = 0.65) in 2003-2007 measurements. The azimuthal variation of the proper motion and the average expansion index of [approx]0.5 are consistent with those derived from radio observations. We also find proper motion and expansion index of the reverse-shocked ejecta to be 0.''21-0.''31 yr-1 and 0.43-0.64, respectively. From a comparison of the measured m-value with Type Ia supernova evolutionary models, we find a pre-shock ambient density around the remnant of [less, similar]0.2 cm-3.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: GSFC.JA.4868.2011 , The Astrophysical Journal (ISSN 0004-637X); 709; 2; 1387-1395
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  • 8
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    Statistical Analysis of a Large Sample Size Pyroshock Test Data Set Including Post Flight Data Assessment (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra spacecraft was launched on an Atlas IIAS launch vehicle on its mission to observe planet Earth in late 1999. Prior to launch, the new design of the spacecraft's pyroshock separation system was characterized by a series of 13 separation ground tests. The analysis methods used to evaluate this unusually large amount of shock data will be discussed in this paper, with particular emphasis on population distributions and finding statistically significant families of data, leading to an overall shock separation interface level. The wealth of ground test data also allowed a derivation of a Mission Assurance level for the flight. All of the flight shock measurements were below the EOS Terra Mission Assurance level thus contributing to the overall success of the EOS Terra mission. The effectiveness of the statistical methodology for characterizing the shock interface level and for developing a flight Mission Assurance level from a large sample size of shock data is demonstrated in this paper.
    Keywords: Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations
    Type: NASA/TM-1998-206621/REV1 , E-11057-1 , 80th Shock and Vibration Symposium; Oct 25, 2009 - Oct 29, 2009; San Diego, CA; United States
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  • 9
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    Evolving the Technical Infrastructure of the Planetary Data System for the 21st Century (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-14
    Description: The Planetary Data System (PDS) was established in 1989 as a distributed system to assure scientific oversight. Initially the PDS followed guidelines recommended by the National Academies Committee on Data Management and Computation (CODMAC, 1982) and placed emphasis on archiving validated datasets. But overtime user demands, supported by increased computing capabilities and communication methods, have placed increasing demands on the PDS. The PDS must add additional services to better enable scientific analysis within distributed environments and to ensure that those services integrate with existing systems and data. To face these challenges the Planetary Data System (PDS) must modernize its architecture and technical implementation. The PDS 2010 project addresses these challenges. As part of this project, the PDS has three fundamental project goals that include: (1) Providing more efficient client delivery of data by data providers to the PDS (2) Enabling a stable, long-term usable planetary science data archive (3) Enabling services for the data consumer to find, access and use the data they require in contemporary data formats. In order to achieve these goals, the PDS 2010 project is upgrading both the technical infrastructure and the data standards to support increased efficiency in data delivery as well as usability of the PDS. Efforts are underway to interface with missions as early as possible and to streamline the preparation and delivery of data to the PDS. Likewise, the PDS is working to define and plan for data services that will help researchers to perform analysis in cost-constrained environments. This presentation will cover the PDS 2010 project including the goals, data standards and technical implementation plans that are underway within the Planetary Data System. It will discuss the plans for moving from the current system, version PDS 3, to version PDS 4.
    Keywords: Systems Analysis and Operations Research
    Type: Evolving the Technical Infrastructure of the Planetary Data System for the 21st Century; Oct 03, 2010 - Oct 08, 2010; Pasadena, CA; United States
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  • 10
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    The Testing Behind the Test Facility: the Acoustic Design of the NASA Glenn Research Center's World-Class Reverberant Acoustic Test Facility (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Glenn Research Center (GRC) is leading the design and build of the new world-class vibroacoustic test capabilities at the NASA GRC s Plum Brook Station in Sandusky, Ohio, U.S.A. Benham Companies, LLC is currently constructing modal, base-shake sine and reverberant acoustic test facilities to support the future testing needs of NASA s space exploration program. The large Reverberant Acoustic Test Facility (RATF) will be approximately 101,000 ft3 in volume and capable of achieving an empty chamber acoustic overall sound pressure level (OASPL) of 163 dB. This combination of size and acoustic power is unprecedented amongst the world s known active reverberant acoustic test facilities. The key to achieving the expected acoustic test spectra for a range of many NASA space flight environments in the RATF is the knowledge gained from a series of ground acoustic tests. Data was obtained from several NASA-sponsored test programs, including testing performed at the National Research Council of Canada s acoustic test facility in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and at the Redstone Technical Test Center acoustic test facility in Huntsville, Alabama, U.S.A. The majority of these tests were performed to characterize the acoustic performance of the modulators (noise generators) and representative horns that would be required to meet the desired spectra, as well as to evaluate possible supplemental gas jet noise sources. The knowledge obtained in each of these test programs enabled the design of the RATF sound generation system to confidently advance to its final acoustic design and subsequent ongoing construction.
    Keywords: Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations
    Type: NASA/TM-2010-216802 , E-17433
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