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  • 1
    Call number: PIK N 076-11-0312
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction ; PART I: AMMONIA CRITICAL THRESHOLDS ; 2. Reassessment of critical levels for atmospheric ammonia ; 3. Potential for the further development and application of critical levels to assess the environmental impacts of ammonia. ; 4. Long-term cumulative exposure exacerbates the effects of atmospheric ammonia on an ombrotrophic bog: Implications for Critical Levels. ; 5. The application of transects to assess the effects of ammonia on woodland groundflora. ; 6. Estimation of the ammonia critical level for epiphytic lichens based on observations at farm, landscape and national scales. ; 7. Mapping ammonia emissions and concentrations for Switzerland - effects on lichen vegetation. ; 8. Over which averaging period is the ammonia critical level most precautionary? ; 9. Machrolichens on twigs and trunks as indicators of ammonia concentrations across the UK - a practical method. ; 10. Assessment of critical levels of atmospheric ammonia for lichen diversity in cork-oak woodland, Portugal. ; PART II: TEMPORAL TRENDS IN ATMOSPHERIC AMMONIA ; 11. Linking ammonia emission trends to measured concentrations and deposition of reduced nitrogen at different scales. ; 12. Long-term record (1981-2005) of ammonia and ammonium concentrations at K-puszta Hungary and the effect of SO2 emission change on measured and modelled concentrations. ; 13. Assessment of NH3 and NH4+ trends and relationship to critical levels in the UK National Ammonia Monitoring Network (NAMN). ; 14. Review of published studies estimating the abatement efficacy of reduced-emission slurry spreading techniques. ; PART III: ANALYSIS OF AMMONIA HOTSPOTS ; 15. Ammonia deposition near hot spots: processes, models and monitoring methods. ; 16. Standardised grasses as biomonitors of ammonia pollution around agricultural point sources. ; 17. Soluble ammonium in plants as a bioindicator for atmospheric nitrogen deposition: refinement and testing of a practical method. ; 18. Spatial planning as a complementary tool to abate the effects of atmospheric NH# deposition at the landscape scale. ; PART IV: REGIONAL MODELLING OF ATMOSPHERIC AMMONIA ; 19. Modelling of the atmospheric transport and deposition of ammonia at a national and regional scale. ; 20. Application of a Lagrangian model FRAME to estimate reduced nitrogen deposition and ammonia concentrations in Poland. ; 21. Application of the EMEP Unified Model to the UK with a horizontal resolution of 5 x 5 km2. ; PART V: CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK ; 22. Critical Levels for NH3. ; 23. Detecting change in atmospheric ammonia following emission changes. ; 24. Assessment methods for ammonia hot-spots. ; 25. Modelling the national and regional transport and deposition of ammonia. 26. Reliability of ammonia emission estimates and abatement efficiencies. ; 27. Ammonia policy context and future challenges. ; 28. Synthesis and summary for policy makers.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XXIII, 464 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 9781402091209 , 978-1-4020-9121-6
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2009-07-28
    Print ISSN: 1932-7447
    Electronic ISSN: 1932-7455
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2009-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0304-3991
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2723
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2009-07-07
    Print ISSN: 0006-2960
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-4995
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2009-11-20
    Description: Abstract 2451 Poster Board II-428 Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a curative therapy for a variety of malignancies. HCT provides disease eradication through both the high-dose conditioning regimen and an allogeneic graft versus tumor effect (GVT), however graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains a major obstacle. In a murine aHCT model of bioluminescence imaging (BLI) we have previously demonstrated that acute GVHD can be separated to a GVHD initiation phase confined to secondary lymphoid organs and a subsequent GVHD effector phase in peripheral target tissues. It has been proposed that host conditioning may not only be crucial in the activation of alloreactive T cells but also determine acute GVHD organ manifestation in the effector phase. Here we wanted to investigate how the host conditioning regimen affects the host target tissues in terms of inflammatory cytokines and their role in donor T cell recruitment. We compared lethally irradiated (8Gy) vs. non-irradiated Balb/c wild type or Balb/c Rag-/-cGC-/- (H-2d) -DKO mice that received allogeneic luciferase+ FVB/N T cells (H-2q). Surprisingly, we did not observe marked differences in the donor T cell proliferation (BLI, CFSE), acquisition of activation markers (CD25, CD44, CD69) and homing receptors (a4b7, aEb7, P-selectin ligand, E-selecting ligand) in conditioned, non-conditioned Balb/c Rag-/-cGC-/-. Despite the upregulation of these homing receptors on donor T cells, infiltration of target tissues (intestinal tract, liver and skin) was significantly accelerated in conditioned and delayed in non-conditioned hosts. As T cell recruitment may have occurred as a result of alterations of the milieu inflammatory cytokines in GVHD target tissues, we compared the cytokine profile in conditioned vs. non-conditioned recipients. At days 3 and 6 after transplantation tissues were harvested and cytokines from the target tissues; liver, large bowel, small bowel, peripheral blood and a non target tissue: kidney were analyzed for a TH1/TH2/Th17a cytokines. At day 3 high levels of INF-γ and TNF were detected in the Balb/c WT conditioned host compared to the non-conditioned host in all target tissues (SB, LB, and liver) and most markedly in peripheral blood and the large bowel. More importantly the Balb/c Rag-/-cGC-/- conditioned host displayed about 5 times higher levels of both inflammatory cytokines compared to the non conditioned DKO hosts and to the Balb/c WT. Similar results with a lesser levels were observed both for IL-2 and IL17a. By day 6 similar results are seen but with a much reduced expression of the cytokines, indicating that the cytokine storm peak was maybe at day 3. In summary host conditioning is not a requirement for alloreactive T cell activation rather induced inflammatory cytokines such as TNF and INF-γ are the determinant factors for effector T cell recruitment to GVHD target tissues. JB and AB contributed equally to this work. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2009-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2836
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-8638
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The transport, degassing and atmospheric release of halogens from active volcanism on Earth have been the focus of increasing interest over the last few decades, and have recently been the subject of the 1st workshop on “Halogens in volcanic systems and their environmental impacts” that was held in December of 2007 at Yosemite Lodge in Yosemite National Park, California. As an introduction to this Chemical Geology special issue, collecting contributions from many of the participants at the workshop, we review here recent advances in this field, including experimental and theoretical investigations of halogen behaviour in volcanic and related magmatic systems. We discuss previous research on several aspects of halogen geochemistry, including halogen abundances in the mantle and magmas on Earth; the effects of halogens on phase equilibria and melt viscosities; their partitioning between melt and fluid phase(s) upon decompression, cooling and crystallisation of magmas in the Earth's crust; and their final atmospheric release as volcanic gases. The role of halogens in the genesis of hydrothermal systems and in the transport of ore-forming metals is also reviewed, and we discuss our current understanding of atmospheric processing of volcanic halogens in both the troposphere and stratosphere, and their consequent impacts. In spite of these recent advancements, our current understanding of halogen geochemistry at active volcanoes is still far too fragmentary, and the key questions that require answers from future research are summarised in our conclusions.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-18
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Halogens ; Magmatic fluids ; Ore deposits ; Volcanic degassing ; Volcanic gas ; Atmospheric effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Elsevier B.V., 2008. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 55 (2008): 2132-2142, doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.05.009.
    Description: Interdisciplinary global ocean science requires new ways of thinking about data and data management. With new data policies and growing technological capabilities, datasets of increasing variety and complexity are being made available digitally and data management is coming to be recognized as an integral part of scientific research. To meet the changing expectations of scientists collecting data and of data reuse by others, collaborative strategies involving diverse teams of information professionals are developing. These changes are stimulating the growth of information infrastructures that support multi-scale sampling, data repositories, and data integration. Two examples of oceanographic projects incorporating data management in partnership with science programs are discussed: the Palmer Station Long-Term Ecological Research program (Palmer LTER) and the United States Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (US JGOFS). Lessons learned from a decade of data management within these communities provide an experience base from which to develop information management strategies – short-term and long-term. Ocean Informatics provides one example of a conceptual framework for managing the complexities inherent to sharing oceanographic data. Elements are introduced that address the economies-of-scale and the complexities-of-scale pertinent to a broader vision of information management and scientific research.
    Description: Support is provided by NSF OPP-0217282, OCE-0405069, HSD-0433369 and Scripps Institution of Oceanography (K.S.Baker) and by NSF OCE-8814310, OCE-0097291, OCE- 0510046 and OCE-0646353 (C.Chandler).
    Keywords: Data collections ; Data management ; Informatics ; Information centers ; Information systems ; Oceanographic data
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Oceanography Society, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of Oceanography Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Oceanography 20, 1 (2007): 102-115.
    Description: Earth is a thermal engine that dissipates its internal heat primarily through convection. The buoyant rise of hot material transports heat to the surface from the deep interior while colder material sinks at subduction zones. Mid-ocean ridges and hotspots are major expressions of heat dissipation at Earth’s surface, as evidenced by their abundant volcanic activity. Ridges and hotspots, however, could differ significantly in their origins. Ridges are linear features that wind more than 60,000 km around the globe, constituting the major diverging boundaries of Earth’s tectonic plates. Hotspots, on the other hand, are localized regions of abnormally robust magmatism and distinctive geochemical anomalies.
    Description: J.D. acknowledges the support of CNRS-INSU, IPGP, IFREMER and IPEV. J.L. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Endowed Fund for Innovative Research at WHOI. E.T.B. acknowledges research support from the NOAA VENTS Program and Office of Ocean Exploration.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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