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  • Adult
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (7)
  • Elsevier
  • 2000-2004  (7)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979
  • 1940-1944
  • 2003  (7)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (7)
  • Elsevier
Years
  • 2000-2004  (7)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979
  • 1940-1944
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  • 1
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    Mitochondrial dysfunction in the elderly: possible role in insulin resistance (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-05-17
    Description: Insulin resistance is a major factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in the elderly. To investigate how insulin resistance arises, we studied healthy, lean, elderly and young participants matched for lean body mass and fat mass. Elderly study participants were markedly insulin-resistant as compared with young controls, and this resistance was attributable to reduced insulin-stimulated muscle glucose metabolism. These changes were associated with increased fat accumulation in muscle and liver tissue assessed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and with a approximately 40% reduction in mitochondrial oxidative and phosphorylation activity, as assessed by in vivo 13C/31P NMR spectroscopy. These data support the hypothesis that an age-associated decline in mitochondrial function contributes to insulin resistance in the elderly.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3004429/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3004429/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Petersen, Kitt Falk -- Befroy, Douglas -- Dufour, Sylvie -- Dziura, James -- Ariyan, Charlotte -- Rothman, Douglas L -- DiPietro, Loretta -- Cline, Gary W -- Shulman, Gerald I -- K-23 DK-02347/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K23 DK002734/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K23 DK002734-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- M01 RR-00125/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK-45735/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P60 AG-10469/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG-09872/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG023686/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG023686-01A1/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK-49230/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 May 16;300(5622):1140-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12750520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging/metabolism ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism ; *Insulin Resistance ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitochondria/*metabolism ; Mitochondrial Diseases/blood/*complications/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen Consumption ; Phosphorylation ; Triglycerides/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Stem cells: still here, still waiting (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-05-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennedy, Donald -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 May 9;300(5621):865.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12738815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; *Cell Line ; Cloning, Organism ; *Embryo Research ; Embryo, Mammalian/*cytology ; Humans ; Mice ; Politics ; Public Policy ; *Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    The neural basis of economic decision-making in the Ultimatum Game (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-06-14
    Description: The nascent field of neuroeconomics seeks to ground economic decision making in the biological substrate of the brain. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging of Ultimatum Game players to investigate neural substrates of cognitive and emotional processes involved in economic decision-making. In this game, two players split a sum of money;one player proposes a division and the other can accept or reject this. We scanned players as they responded to fair and unfair proposals. Unfair offers elicited activity in brain areas related to both emotion (anterior insula) and cognition (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). Further, significantly heightened activity in anterior insula for rejected unfair offers suggests an important role for emotions in decision-making.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sanfey, Alan G -- Rilling, James K -- Aronson, Jessica A -- Nystrom, Leigh E -- Cohen, Jonathan D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jun 13;300(5626):1755-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for the Study of Brain, Mind and Behavior, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12805551" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Behavior ; Brain/*physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Cognition ; *Decision Making ; *Economics ; *Emotions ; Female ; Game Theory ; *Games, Experimental ; Gyrus Cinguli/physiology ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Infectious diseases. Early indications point to lab infection in new SARS case (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-09-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normile, Dennis -- Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Sep 19;301(5640):1642-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14500944" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Humans ; *Laboratory Infection ; Male ; Quarantine ; *Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/diagnosis/transmission ; Singapore
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    COMT val158met genotype affects mu-opioid neurotransmitter responses to a pain stressor (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-02-22
    Description: Responses to pain and other stressors are regulated by interactions between multiple brain areas and neurochemical systems. We examined the influence of a common functional genetic polymorphism affecting the metabolism of catecholamines on the modulation of responses to sustained pain in humans. Individuals homozygous for the met158 allele of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphism (val158met) showed diminished regional mu-opioid system responses to pain compared with heterozygotes. These effects were accompanied by higher sensory and affective ratings of pain and a more negative internal affective state. Opposite effects were observed in val158 homozygotes. The COMT val158met polymorphism thus influences the human experience of pain and may underlie interindividual differences in the adaptation and responses to pain and other stressful stimuli.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zubieta, Jon-Kar -- Heitzeg, Mary M -- Smith, Yolanda R -- Bueller, Joshua A -- Xu, Ke -- Xu, Yanjun -- Koeppe, Robert A -- Stohler, Christian S -- Goldman, David -- R01 DE 12059/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- R01 DE 12743/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Feb 21;299(5610):1240-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0720, USA. zubieta@umich.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12595695" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Affect ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Analysis of Variance ; Brain/*metabolism/radionuclide imaging ; Brain Mapping ; Catechol O-Methyltransferase/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Cerebellum/metabolism/radionuclide imaging ; Female ; Genotype ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neural Pathways ; *Pain ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Opioid, mu/*metabolism ; Synaptic Transmission ; Thalamus/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Chernobyl: an overlooked aspect? (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-01-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baverstock, Keith -- Williams, Dillwyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jan 3;299(5603):44.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12512509" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung/radiation effects ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*etiology ; *Power Plants ; *Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Injuries/*etiology ; *Radioactive Hazard Release ; Thyroid Gland/radiation effects ; Thyroid Neoplasms/etiology ; Ukraine ; Whole-Body Irradiation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Balancing selection at the prion protein gene consistent with prehistoric kurulike epidemics (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-04-12
    Description: Kuru is an acquired prion disease largely restricted to the Fore linguistic group of the Papua New Guinea Highlands, which was transmitted during endocannibalistic feasts. Heterozygosity for a common polymorphism in the human prion protein gene (PRNP) confers relative resistance to prion diseases. Elderly survivors of the kuru epidemic, who had multiple exposures at mortuary feasts, are, in marked contrast to younger unexposed Fore, predominantly PRNP 129 heterozygotes. Kuru imposed strong balancing selection on the Fore, essentially eliminating PRNP 129 homozygotes. Worldwide PRNP haplotype diversity and coding allele frequencies suggest that strong balancing selection at this locus occurred during the evolution of modern humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mead, Simon -- Stumpf, Michael P H -- Whitfield, Jerome -- Beck, Jonathan A -- Poulter, Mark -- Campbell, Tracy -- Uphill, James B -- Goldstein, David -- Alpers, Michael -- Fisher, Elizabeth M C -- Collinge, John -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Apr 25;300(5619):640-3. Epub 2003 Apr 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Prion Unit, and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12690204" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Cannibalism ; Child ; Codon ; Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome/genetics ; Disease Outbreaks/*history ; Ethnic Groups/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Haplotypes ; Heterozygote ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, Ancient ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Kuru/epidemiology/genetics/*history/transmission ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Methionine/genetics ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Papua New Guinea/epidemiology ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; PrPC Proteins/*genetics ; *Selection, Genetic ; Valine/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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