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  • sex pheromone  (3)
  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1999  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synergistic Sex Pheromone Components of White-Spotted Tussock Moth, Orgyia thyellina (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 1091-1104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Lymantriidae ; white-spotted tussock moth ; Orgyia thyellina ; (Z)-6-heneicosen-11-one ; (Z)-6-heneicosen-9-one ; (Z)-6,(E)-8-heneicosadien-11-one ; sex pheromone ; synergism ; quarantine insect ; international trade ; eradication ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; microbial insecticide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In 1996, the exotic white-spotted tussock moth (WSTM), Orgyia thyellina (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), was discovered in Auckland, New Zealand. Because establishment of WSTM would threaten New Zealand's orchard industry and international trade, eradication of WSTM with microbial insecticide was initiated. To monitor and complement eradication of WSTM by capture of male moths in pheromone-baited traps, pheromone components of female WSTM needed to be identified. Coupled gas chromatographic–electroantennographic detection analysis of pheromone gland extract revealed several compounds that elicited responses from male moth antennae. Mass spectra of the two most EAD-active compounds suggested, and comparative GC-MS of authentic standards confirmed, that they were (Z)-6-heneicosen-11-one (Z6–11-one) and (Z)-6-heneicosen-9-one, the latter termed here “thyellinone.” In field experiments in Japan, Z6–11-one plus thyellinone at a 100:5 ratio attracted WSTM males, whereas either ketone alone failed to attract a single male moth. Addition of further candidate pheromone components did not enhance attractiveness of the binary blend. Through the 1997–1998 summer, 45,000 commercial trap lures baited with 2000 μg of Z6–11-one and 100 μg of thyellinone were deployed in Auckland towards eradication of the residual WSTM population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020833909739
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pheromone Components and Diel Periodicity of Pheromonal Communication in Lymantria fumida (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 2305-2312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Lymantriidae ; Lymantria fumida ; Lymantria monacha ; nun moth ; sex pheromone ; periodicity ; calling behavior ; reproductive isolation ; disparlure ; (7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane ; (7S,8R)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane ; 2-methyl-Z7-octadecene ; (7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-octadecane ; (+)-monachalure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Extracts of pheromone glands from female Lymantria fumida were analyzed by coupled gas chromatographic–electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and by coupled GC–mass spectrometry (MS). The two compounds that elicited responses from male L. fumida antennae were identified as cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane (disparlure) and 2-methyl-Z7-octadecene (2me-Z7–18Hy). Field experiments in northern Japan demonstrated that synthetic (7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane [(+)-disparlure] and 2me-Z7–18Hy are synergistic sex pheromone components of L. fumida. (7S,8R)-cis-7,8-Epoxy-2-methyloctadecane [(−)-disparlure] had no behavioral effect on male L. fumida. Traps baited with (+)-disparlure and 2me-Z7–18Hy captured male L. fumida between 21:00 and 24:00 hr, whereas traps baited with (+)-monachalure [(7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-octadecane], (+)-disparlure and 2me-Z7–18Hy attracted males of the nun moth, L. monacha L., between 02:00 and 04:00 hr. Both temporal separation of pheromonal communication and specificity of pheromone blends seem to contribute to the reproductive isolation of sympatric and coseasonal L. fumida and L. monacha.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020873807864
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex Pheromone Components of Casuarina Moth, Lymantria xylina (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 2535-2545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Lymantriidae ; Lymantria xylina ; Lymantria dispar ; Lymantria monacha ; Lymantria fumida ; sex pheromone ; reproductive isolation ; (7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyleicosane ; (7S,8R)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyleicosane ; 2-methyl-Z7-eicosene ; (7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methylnonadecane ; (7S,8R)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methylnonadecane ; (7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-3-methylnonadecane ; (7S,8R)-cis-7,8-epoxy-3-methylnonadecane ; disparlure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract cis-7,8-Epoxy-2-methyleicosane is a sex pheromone component of the Casuarina moth, Lymantria xylina Swinhoe. The compound was extracted from pheromone glands of female moths and was identified by coupled gas chromatographic–electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and GC–mass spectrometry. In field experiments in Taiwan, traps baited with either or both of (7R,8S)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyleicosane (〉99% ee) [termed here (+)-xylinalure] and (7S,8R)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyleicosane (〉99% ee) [termed here (−)-xylinalure] captured male L. xylina. Addition of further candidate pheromone components to xylinalure did not enhance its attractiveness. Demonstration of whether or not female L. xylina produce both optical isomers of xylinalure, and determination of the ratio, will require pheromone extract analyses on a chiral, enantiomer-separating column (as yet unavailable) or derivatization of epoxides in accumulated gland extracts. Attraction of male L. xylina to either enantiomer of xylinalure contrasts with enantiospecific production of, and/or response to, epoxy pheromones in congeners. With no other nocturnal lymantriid moth known in Taiwan to utilize xylinalure for pheromonal communication, enantiospecific “fine tuning” of xylinalure, or evolution of a more complex pheromone blend, may not have been necessary for L. xylina to maintain specificity of sexual communication. Racemic xylinalure will be appropriate for pheromone-based detection surveys of L. xylina in North America.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020830309624
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