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  • 1
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    Determination of the ethylene oxide adduct S-(2-hydroxyethyl)cysteine by a fluorometric HPLC method in albumin and globin from human blood (1998)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-10-05
    Print ISSN: 0937-0633
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1130
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
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    Influence of plant resistance at the third trophic level: interactions between parasitoids and entomopathogenic fungi of cereal aphids (1998)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-12-07
    Print ISSN: 0029-8549
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1939
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allocation of herbivory-induced hydroxamic acids in the wild wheat Triticum uniaristatum (1998)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 8 (1998), S. 19-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Keywords: Key words. defense - induced defense - herbivory - aphids - Rhopalosiphum padi - wild wheat - Triticum uniaristatum - Poaceae - hydroxamic acids - costs of defense
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary. We characterized the induction of hydroxamic acids (Hx) by aphid infestation in the wild wheat Triticum uniaristatum by addressing the following questions: i) Do different leaves have similar responses to aphid damage?, ii) Is the Hx induction localized or systemic?, iii) How long does the induction last?, and iv) Is the degree of damage related to the magnitude of induced Hx? Based on earlier results on this wheat/aphid system (lack of costs of Hx induction) we expected to find the plant exhibiting cost-saving patterns of response to herbivory. Aphid infestation in the primary leaf led to induced levels of Hx, but no differences in Hx levels were found after infestation of the secondary leaf. Induction of Hx was restricted to the infested leaf (primary leaf). Induced Hx levels exhibited by the primary leaf at the end of aphid infestation were not observed 2 days later. Finally, different aphid densities (between 10 and 40 aphids per leaf) did not produce significant differences in Hx levels in infested primary leaves. Characteristics of Hx induction by aphid infestation in T. uniaristatum partially support the expected cost-saving patterns in the allocation of induced defenses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00001799
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the ethylene oxide adduct S-(2-hydroxyethyl)cysteine by a fluorometric HPLC method in albumin and globin from human blood (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 362 (1998), S. 324-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A new method has been developed for the quantification of 2-hydroxyethylated cysteine resulting as adduct in blood proteins after human exposure to ethylene oxide, by reversed-phase HPLC with fluorometric detection. The specific adduct is analysed in albumin and in globin. After isolation of albumin and globin from blood, acid hydrolysis of the protein and precolumn derivatisation of the digest with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonylchloride, the levels of derivatised S-hydroxyethylcysteine are analysed by RP-HPLC and fluorescence detection, with a detection limit of 8 nmol/g protein. Background levels of S-hydroxyethylcysteine were quantified in both albumin and globin, under special consideration of the glutathione transferase GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms. GSTT1 polymorphism had a marked influence on the physiological background alkylation of cysteine. While S-hydroxyethylcysteine levels in “non-conjugators” were between 15 and 50 nmol/g albumin, “low conjugators” displayed levels between 8 and 21 nmol/g albumin, and “high conjugators” did not show levels above the detection limit. The human GSTM1 polymorphism had no apparent effect on background levels of blood protein 2-hydroxyethylation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051082
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of plant resistance at the third trophic level: interactions between parasitoids and entomopathogenic fungi of cereal aphids (1998)
    Springer
    Oecologia 117 (1998), S. 426-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Tritrophic effects ; Host-plant resistance ; Parasitoid ; Entomopathogenic fungi ; Competition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Host-plant resistance can affect herbivorous insects and their natural enemies such as parasitoids and entomopathogenic fungi. This tritrophic effect acts on interspecific interactions between the two groups of natural enemies distantly related in phylogenetic terms. The intra- and extra-host aspects of the interaction between the cereal aphid parasitoid Aphidius rhopalosiphi and the entomopathogenic fungus Erynia neoaphidis developing on the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, on resistant and susceptible wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars, were studied. The competitive outcome of the intra-host interaction depended on the timing of parasitoid oviposition and fungal infection and was affected by wheat resistance. In particular, survival of the parasitoid was lower on the resistant wheat cultivar than the susceptible wheat cultivar, when the competitive outcome of the interaction was favourable for either parasitoid or fungal development. Before and after this period the influence of plant resistance was not significant. Furthermore, the extra-host interaction was not affected by the wheat cultivar, although an increase in fungal infection of S. avenae was observed when parasitoids foraged in the experimental arena with sporulating aphid cadavers compared with foraging in the absence of sporulating cadavers. Our results showed that the host plant may affect interspecific interactions between parasitoids and fungi and that these interactions depended on the timing of parasitoid oviposition and fungal infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050677
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Germplasm conservation of oca (Oxalis tuberosa Mol.) through botanical seed. Seed formation under a system of polymorphic incompatibility (1998)
    Springer
    Euphytica 101 (1998), S. 133-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oxalis tuberosa ; oca ; reproductive biology ; breeding system ; tristyly ; genetic resources
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Seven clonal accessions representing all three stylar morphs of tristylous oca were intercrossed and selfed in a complete diallelic crossing design. The four traits total capsule production, total number of seeds/capsule, total number of seeds containing an embryo/capsule, and percent seeds containing an embryo of all seeds per capsule were recorded. Both capsule and seed production were highest in the legitimate pollinations (in which styles are pollinated with pollen of the corresponding anther level), but also in illegitimate pollinations of mid-styled seed parents with long-level anther pollen of short-styled accessions. All 18 types of pollination, consisting of 6 legitimate, 6 illegitimate intermorph, and 6 illegitimate intramorph pollinations, expressed gradually different levels of capsule and seed production. Intramorph pollinations and selfs of mid-styled seed parents were less incompatible than intramorph pollinations and selfs of the long- and short-styled morphs. All accessions studied expressed an intact system of heteromorphic stylar incompatibility despite their exclusive clonal propagation for millennia. A maximum of 16,3 seeds/capsule containing an embryo was obtained in an individual legitimate cross of two accessions, although an average of 25 ovules are present in a flower of O. tuberosa. The results are discussed in relation to the establishment of a genebank based on botanical seed of this clonally propagated, valuable Andean tuber crop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018336003573
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DIBOA in wild Poaceae: Sources of resistance to the Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) and the greenbug (Schizaphis graminum) (1998)
    Springer
    Euphytica 102 (1998), S. 317-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: aphids ; cereal breeding ; DIBOA ; Diuraphis noxia ; hydroxamic acids ; pest resistance ; Poaceae ; Schizaphis graminum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Hydroxamic acids are secondary metabolites typical of Poaceae that play a role in cereal resistance against pests and pathogens. The content of the hydroxamic acid aglucones DIBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one) and DIMBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one) was evaluated in wild Poaceae belonging to the tribes Triticeae (genera Hordeum and Elymus) and Aveneae (genera Deschampsia and Phalaris). The concentration of DIBOA in seedling extracts of the wild barleys Hordeum chilense, H. brevisubulatum subsp. violaceum and H. bulbosum was negatively correlated with parameters related to performance of the cereal aphids Schizaphis graminum and Diuraphis noxia. The relevance of the results obtained for breeding programs aimed at increasing cereal resistance against aphids is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018323121213
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