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  • Aerospace Medicine  (46)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (35)
  • 1995-1999  (81)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1930-1934
  • 1915-1919
  • 1910-1914
  • 1996  (81)
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  • 1995-1999  (81)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1930-1934
  • 1915-1919
  • 1910-1914
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NiH3IO6 · 6H2O  -  Kristallstruktur und Schwingungsspektren (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 845-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Nickel orthoperiodate ; i.r., Raman spectra ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: NiH3IO6 · 6 H2O  -  Crystal Structures and Vibrational SpectraThe crystal structure of NiH3IO6 · 6 H2O has been determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction (Pc, Z = 2, a = 516.74(9), b = 981.5(2), c = 1052.5(2) pm, β = 116.496(8)°) on the basis of 4169 unique reflections (R = 1.96%). The structure is built up of distorted Ni(H2O)62+ and H3IO62- octahedra linked by hydrogen bonding. IR and Raman spectra of both the title compound and isostructural MgH3IO6 · 6 H2O as well as of deuterated specimens are given. There are up to 14 different OH(OD) modes in the spectra of isotopically dilute samples due to the 15 different hydrogen positions of the structure. The internal modes of the meridional H3IO62- ions (pseudo C2v symmetry) are discussed with respect to that double T-shaped entity, which gives rise to only two instead of 3I—O, I—O(H), and OH stretches in the IR and Raman spectra, i.e. the same as for facial (C3v) structured ions.
    Notes: Die Kristallstruktur (Pc, Z = 2) von NiH3IO6 · 6 H2O wurde mittels Röntgen-Einkristallmessungen auf der Basis von 4169 symmetrieunabhängigen Reflexen bestimmt (R = 1,96%). IR- und Raman-Spektren von NiH3IO6 · 6 H2O und der isotypen Verbindung MgH3IO6 · 6 H2O sowie von deuterierten Präparaten werden mitgeteilt. Die Spektren isotypenverdünnter Proben zeigen bis zu 14 OH(OD)-Streckschwingungen entsprechend den 15 verschiedenen Wasserstoff-Positionen der Struktur. Die meridionalen H3IO62--Ionen (Pseudosymmetrie C2v) besitzen wegen der T-förmigen Anordnung der je 3 IO-und IOH-Gruppen nur je 2 IO-, IO(H)- und OH-Streckschwingungen in den IR- und Raman-Spektren und können daher schwingungsspektroskopisch nicht von H3IO62--Ionen mit facialer Struktur (C3v) unterschieden werden.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19966220516
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese und Struktur von Hexa-t-butyl-1,4-dichloro-1,4-distanna-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexaphosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octan - Eine neue Käfigverbindung mit dem Sn(P2)3Sn-Gerüst (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 1793-1798 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Sn(P2)3Sn cage system ; NMR data, crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Structure of Hexa-t-butyl-1,4-dichloro-1,4-distanna-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexaphosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane - a New Cage Compound with the Sn(P2)3Sn SkeletonThe reaction of the diphosphide K2[(tBuP)2] 1 with SnCl4 leads by a redox process mainly to (tBuP)3,4 and other sideproducts. However, at the same time a threefold [2 + 1]-cyclocondensation reaction takes place yielding the new cage compound hexa-t-butyl-1,4-dichloro-1,4-distanna-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexaphosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, ClSn(tBuP—PtBu)3SnCl 2. 2 could be obtained in a pure form and characterized 31P and 119Sn NMR spectroscopically; 2 was also characterized by a single crystal structure analysis.
    Notes: Bei der Reaktion zwischen dem Diphosphid K2[(tBuP)2] 1 und SnCl4 finden überwiegend Redoxreaktionen statt, die zu (tBuP)3,4 und weiteren Nebenprodukten führen. Gleichzeitig findet aber auch eine dreifache [2 + 1]-Cyclokondensation statt, bei der die neuartige Käfigverbindung Hexa-t-butyl-1,4-dichloro-1,4-distanna-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexaphospha-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan, ClSn(tBuP—PtBu)3SnCl 2 gebildet wird. 2 konnte in reiner Form isoliert und 31P- und 119Sn-NMR-spektroskopisch sowie durch eine Einkristallstrukturanalyse charakterisiert werden.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19966221026
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese der Stannatetraphospholane (tBuP)4SnR2 (R = tBu, nBu, C6H5) und (tBuP)4Sn(Cl)nBu Molekül- und Kristallstruktur von (tBuP)4Sn(tBu)2Professor Ekkehard Fluck zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 1167-1172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Phosphorus tin heterocycles ; syntheses ; crystal structure ; NMR ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of the Stannatetraphospholanes (tBuP)4SnR2 (R = tBu, nBu, C6H5) and (tBuP)4Sn(Cl)nBu Molecular and Crystal Structure of (tBuP)4Sn(tBu)2The reaction of the diphosphide K2[tBuP-(tBuP)2-PtBu] 4 with the halogenostannanes (tBu)2SnCl2, (nBu)2SnCl2, (C6H5)2SnCl2 or nBuSnCl3 in a molar ratio of 1 : 1 leads via a [4 + 1]-cyclocondensation reaction to the stannatetraphospholanes (tBuP)4SnR2 3 b-3 d and (tBuP)4Sn(Cl)nBu 3 e, respectively, with the binary 5-membered P4Sn ring system. 3 b was characterized by a single crystal structure analysis; the 5-membered ring exists in a planar conformation. The compounds 3 b-3 e were identified by NMR and also by mass spectroscopy; the 31P{1H}-NMR spectra of 3 b-3 d showed an AA′MM′ (AA′MM′X), 3 e on the other hand an ABCD (ABCDX) spin system.
    Notes: Bei der Reaktion zwischen dem Diphosphid K2[tBuP-(tBuP)2-PtBu] 4 und den Halogenstannanen (tBu)2SnCl2, (nBu)2SnCl2, (C6H5)2SnCl2 bzw. nBuSnCl3 im Molverhältnis 1 : 1 findet eine [4 + 1]-Cyclokondensationsreaktion statt, bei der die Stannatetraphospholane (tBuP)4SnR2 3b-3d bzw. (tBuP)4Sn(Cl)nBu 3 e mit dem binären Fünfringgerüst P4Sn gebildet werden. Von 3 b wurde eine Einkristallstrukturanalyse durchgeführt; das Fünfringgerüst zeigt eine planare Konformation. Die Verbindungen 3 b-3 e wurden Massen- und NMR-spektroskopisch charakterisiert; 3 b-3 d liefern im 31P{1H}-NMR-Spektrum ein AA′MM′-(AA′MM′X)-, 3 e dagegen ein ABCD- (ABCDX)-Spinsystem.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19966220710
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kristallstruktur von CF3TeTeCF3 - Synthese, Charakterisierung und Eigenschaften von CF3TeIProfessor Herbert Jacobs zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 617-621 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Trifluoromethyl tellurium compounds ; crystal structure ; NMR spectra ; metathesis reactions ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal Structure of CF3TeTeCF3. Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of CF3TeITe2(CF3)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/a with four formular units in the unit cell. The lattice constants are a = 10.13(1) Å, b = 11.489(7) Å, c = 6.822(8) Å and β = 101.20(8)°. CF3TeI is prepared by a quantitative reaction of Te2(CF3)2 with equimolar amounts of iodine. This compound is very instable, no isolation is possible. NMR spectra have been registrated. From metathesis reactions CF3TeX (X = C≡CC6H5, t-C4H9, SCN, SC6F5) are prepared.
    Notes: Te2(CF3)2 kristallisiert in der monoklinen Raumgruppe P21/a mit vier Formeleinheiten in der Elementarzelle. Die Gitterkonstanten betragen a = 10,13(1) Å, b = 11,489(7) Å, c = 6,822(8) Å und β = 101,20(8)°. Bei der Umsetzung von Te2(CF3)2 mit der äquimolaren Menge Iod entsteht CF3TeI in quantitativer Ausbeute, eine Isolierung gelingt nicht. Die NMR-Spektren zeigen eine starke Lösungsmittelabhängigkeit. Durch Metathesereaktionen werden die Verbindungen CF3TeX (X = C≡CC6H5, t-C4H9, SCN, SC6F5) synthetisiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19966220407
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  • 5
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    Use of bed rest and head-down tilt to simulate spaceflight-induce immune system changes (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Bed rest, both with and without head-down tilt, has been extensively used as an earth-bound analog to study physiologic effects mimicking those occurring in weightlessness during spaceflight. We have been able to show in six subjects that 4 weeks of head-down tilt bed rest induces a significant decrease in interleukin-2 secretion by PHA-stimulated T lymphocytes. Another study, lasting 113 days, with two subjects showed a decreased interleukin-2 receptor expression in PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells but a decreased interleukin-2 production in one subject only. Under the same conditions, interleukin-1 production was largely increased in both subjects. Several other immune parameters were also analyzed. Increased interleukin-1 production could contribute to bone mineral loss encountered during bed rest and decreased interleukin-2 secretion could play a role in the appearance of infectious diseases often observed during bed red.
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine
    Type: Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research (ISSN 1079-9907); Volume 16; 2; 151-7
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Restoration of plasma volume after 16 days of head-down tilt induced by a single bout of maximal exercise (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Seven healthy men performed maximal exercise 24 h before the end of 16 days exposure to 6 degrees head-down tilt (HDT) to test the hypothesis that such an exercise technique could restore plasma volume (PV) at the end of a simulated space mission. Exercise consisted of supine cycling with graded work rates increasing by 16 W/min to volitional fatigue and required an average of 16 min. The experimental protocol was a standard cross-over design in which the order of treatment (exercise or control) was counterbalanced across all seven subjects. PV, fluid intake (ad libitum), urine output, renal function, and hormones associated with fluid homeostasis were measured before HDT, 24 h before the end of HDT just prior to exercise, and at the end of HDT 24 h after exercise. HDT reduced PV by 16% in both control and exercise conditions. Maximal exercise completely restored plasma volume within 24 h to 3.9 +/- 3.2% of pre-HDT levels despite continued HDT. Compared with control, exercise induced a 660-ml larger positive fluid balance because of greater fluid intake and reduced urine volume during the 24 h after exercise. These results suggest that one bout of maximal leg exercise before return from 16 days of spaceflight may be completely effective in stimulating thirst and restoring plasma volume to preflight levels.
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine
    Type: The American journal of physiology (ISSN 0002-9513); Volume 270; 1 Pt 2; R3-10
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Implications of automation surprises in aviation for the future of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine
    Type: Journal of clinical anesthesia (ISSN 0952-8180); Volume 8; 3 Suppl; 29S-37S
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Evaluation of transit-time and electromagnetic flow measurement in a chronically instrumented nonhuman primate model (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The Physiology Research Branch at Brooks AFB conducts both human and nonhuman primate experiments to determine the effects of microgravity and hypergravity on the cardiovascular system and to identify the particular mechanisms that invoke these responses. Primary investigative efforts in our nonhuman primate model require the determination of total peripheral resistance, systemic arterial compliance, and pressure-volume loop characteristics. These calculations require beat-to-beat measurement of aortic flow. This study evaluated accuracy, linearity, biocompatability, and anatomical features of commercially available electromagnetic (EMF) and transit-time flow measurement techniques. Five rhesus monkeys were instrumented with either EMF (3 subjects) or transit-time (2 subjects) flow sensors encircling the proximal ascending aorta. Cardiac outputs computed from these transducers taken over ranges of 0.5 to 2.0 L/min were compared to values obtained using thermodilution. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the EMF probe produced an average error of 15% (r = .896) and 8.6% average linearity per reading, and the transit-time flow probe produced an average error of 6% (r = .955) and 5.3% average linearity per reading. Postoperative performance and biocompatability of the probes were maintained throughout the study. The transit-time sensors provided the advantages of greater accuracy, smaller size, and lighter weight than the EMF probes. In conclusion, the characteristic features and performance of the transit-time sensors were superior to those of the EMF sensors in this study.
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine
    Type: Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research (ISSN 0894-1939); Volume 9; 6; 455-61
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Cycle-powered short radius (1.9M) centrifuge: exercise vs. passive acceleration (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: A human-powered short-arm centrifuge is described. This centrifuge could be used during spaceflight to provide +Gz acceleration while subjects performed exercise, thus supplying two forms of weightlessness countermeasures. Results from a study of cardiovascular responses while using the centrifuge are presented.
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine
    Type: Journal of gravitational physiology : a journal of the International Society for Gravitational Physiology (ISSN 1077-9248); Volume 3; 2; 61-2
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    A Comparison of the Physiology and Mechanics of Exercise in LBNP and Upright Gait (1996)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: Bone, muscular strength, aerobic capacity, and normal fluid pressure gradients within the body are lost during bed rest and spaceflight. Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) exercise may create musculoskeletal and cardiovascular strains equal to a greater than those experienced on Earth and elucidate some of the mechanisms for maintaining bone integrity. LBNP exercise simulates gravity during supine posture by using negative pressure to pull subjects inward against a treadmill generating footward forces and increasing transmural pressures. Footward forces are generated which equal the product of the pressure differential and the cross-sectional area of the LBNP waist seal. Subjects lie supine within the chamber with their legs suspended from one another via cuffs, bungee cords, and pulleys, such that each leg acts as a counterweight to the other leg during the gait cycle. The subjects then walk or run on a treadmill which is positioned vertically within the chamber. Supine orientation allows only footward force production due to the negative pressure within the chamber. The purpose of this study was to determine if the kinematics, kinetics, and metabolic rate during supine walking and slow running on a vertical treadmill within LBNP are similar to those on a treadmill in 1-g environment in an upright posture.
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine
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